Karyotype of the T47D breast cancer cell line

T-47D is a human

breast cancer Breast cancer is cancer that develops from breast tissue. Signs of breast cancer may include a lump in the breast, a change in breast shape, dimpling of the skin, milk rejection, fluid coming from the nipple, a newly inverted nipple, or a re ...

cell line An immortalised cell line is a population of cells from a multicellular organism which would normally not proliferate indefinitely but, due to mutation, have evaded normal cellular senescence and instead can keep undergoing division. The cell ...

commonly used in biomedical research involving the

hormonal A hormone (from the Greek participle , "setting in motion") is a class of signaling molecules in multicellular organisms that are sent to distant organs by complex biological processes to regulate physiology and behavior. Hormones are required fo ...

expression of cancer cells.

Characteristics

The cells were derived from the

pleural effusion A pleural effusion is accumulation of excessive fluid in the pleural space, the potential space that surrounds each lung. Under normal conditions, pleural fluid is secreted by the parietal pleural capillaries at a rate of 0.6 millilitre per kilog ...

of a

ductal carcinoma Ductal carcinoma is a type of tumor that primarily presents in the ducts of a gland. Types include: * Mammary **Ductal carcinoma in situ **Invasive ductal carcinoma * Pancreatic ductal carcinoma Pancreatic cancer arises when cells in the p ...

found in the

mammary gland A mammary gland is an exocrine gland in humans and other mammals that produces milk to feed young offspring. Mammals get their name from the Latin word ''mamma'', "breast". The mammary glands are arranged in organs such as the breasts in primat ...

of an elderly human patient. T-47D cells are distinct from other human breast cancer cells in that their

progesterone receptors Progesterone (P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species. It belongs to a group of steroid hormones called the progestogens and is the major ...

are not regulated by

estradiol Estradiol (E2), also spelled oestradiol, is an estrogen steroid hormone and the major female sex hormone. It is involved in the regulation of the estrous and menstrual female reproductive cycles. Estradiol is responsible for the development of f ...

, a hormone that is abundant within the cells themselves.

Usage

T-47D cells have been employed in studies of the effects of

progesterone Progesterone (P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species. It belongs to a group of steroid hormones called the progestogens and is the m ...

on breast cancer and the corresponding transcriptional regulation caused by introduced drugs. T-47D cells can be implanted into immunodeficient mice, forming

xenografts Xenotransplantation (''xenos-'' from the Greek meaning "foreign" or strange), or heterologous transplant, is the transplantation of living cells, tissues or organs from one species to another. Such cells, tissues or organs are called xenograft ...

that can undergo drug testing with corresponding receptor status and

angiogenesis Angiogenesis is the physiological process through which new blood vessels form from pre-existing vessels, formed in the earlier stage of vasculogenesis. Angiogenesis continues the growth of the vasculature by processes of sprouting and splitting ...

changes. The cells have been noted to be extremely resistant to

estrogens Estrogen or oestrogen is a category of sex steroid, sex hormone responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics. There are three major endogeny (biology), endogenous estrogens th ...

and antiestrogens, possibly due to inhibition by 5-bromodeoxyuridine and sodium butyrate.

References

Human cell lines

External links

Cellosaurus entry for T-47D
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