''Synopsis Universae Philologiae'' is an early work on
comparative linguistics by
Gottfried Hensel (''Godofredus Henselius''; 1687–1767), a rector in
Hirschberg (Jelenia Góra),
Lower Silesia
Lower Silesia ( pl, Dolny Śląsk; cz, Dolní Slezsko; german: Niederschlesien; szl, Dolny Ślōnsk; hsb, Delnja Šleska; dsb, Dolna Šlazyńska; Silesian German: ''Niederschläsing''; la, Silesia Inferior) is the northwestern part of the ...
.
Its full title reads: ''Synopsis universae philologiae: in qua: miranda unitas et harmonia linguarum totius orbis terrarum occulta, e literarum, syllabarum, vocumque natura & recessibus eruitur. Cum Grammatica, LL. Orient. Harmonica, Synoptice tractata; nec non descriptione Orbis Terr. quoad Linguarum situm & propagationem, mappisque geographico-polyglottis''.
It was published in 1741 in
Nuremberg
Nuremberg ( ; german: link=no, Nürnberg ; in the local East Franconian dialect: ''Nämberch'' ) is the second-largest city of the German state of Bavaria after its capital Munich, and its 518,370 (2019) inhabitants make it the 14th-largest ...
by commission of the
Homann heirs company. A second edition appeared in 1754.
The book proposes to present all the world's languages known at the time together with their various
writing system
A writing system is a method of visually representing verbal communication, based on a script and a set of rules regulating its use. While both writing and speech are useful in conveying messages, writing differs in also being a reliable fo ...
s.
As was
common at the time due to the enduring
Tower of Babel
The Tower of Babel ( he, , ''Mīgdal Bāḇel'') narrative in Genesis 11:1–9 is an origin myth meant to explain why the world's peoples speak different languages.
According to the story, a united human race speaking a single language and mi ...
myth, Hensel attempted to derive all languages from a common origin in
Hebrew
Hebrew (; ; ) is a Northwest Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Historically, it is one of the spoken languages of the Israelites and their longest-surviving descendants, the Jews and Samaritans. It was largely preserved ...
, following
''A philosophicall essay for the reunion of the languages, or, the art of knowing all by the mastery of one'' (1675) by Pierre Besnier (1648–1705).
[Johann Gottfried Eichhorn, ''Geschichte der neuern Sprachenkunde'' (vol. 5 of ''Geschichte der Litteratur von ihrem Anfang bis auf die neuesten Zeiten''), 1807]
p. 11
References
1741 books
1754 books
History of linguistics
Comparative linguistics
Linguistics books
Books about cultural geography
18th-century Latin books
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