The Superior Courts of Justice or Superior Sectors of

Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal , national_motto = "Fi ...

are the second highest courts of the

Judicial system of Peru The judiciary of Peru is a branch of the government of Peru that interprets and applies the laws of Peru to ensure equal justice under law and provide a mechanism for dispute resolution. Organization The Peruvian judiciary is a hierarchical syste ...

. It is only second to the

Supreme Court of Peru The Supreme Court of Justice is the highest judicial court in Peru. Its jurisdiction extends over the entire territory of the nation. It is headquartered in the Palace of Justice (Peru), Palace of Justice in Lima. Structure The supreme court is ...

. There is one court for each

Judicial District A judicial district or legal district denotes the territorial area for which a legal court (usually a district court) has jurisdiction. By region Europe Austria In texts concerning Austria, "judicial district" (german: Gerichtsbezirk) refers ...

which more or less correspond with each of the 25

regions of Peru According to the ''Organic Law of Regional Governments'', the regions ( es, regiones) are, with the departments, the first-level administrative subdivisions of Peru. Since its Peruvian War of Independence, 1821 independence, Peru had been divided ...

. A Superior Court is subdivided into smaller courts according to its speciality: *Civil Courts: have jurisdiction over all topics relating to

Civil Rights Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals. They ensure one's entitlement to participate in the civil and political life of ...

excluding

Family Law Family law (also called matrimonial law or the law of domestic relations) is an area of the law that deals with family matters and domestic relations. Overview Subjects that commonly fall under a nation's body of family law include: * Marriage, ...

*Criminal Courts: have jurisdiction over crimes and other topics relating to

Criminal law Criminal law is the body of law that relates to crime. It prescribes conduct perceived as threatening, harmful, or otherwise endangering to the property, health, safety, and moral welfare of people inclusive of one's self. Most criminal law i ...

. *Labor Courts: have jurisdiction over topics relating to

Labor law Labour laws (also known as labor laws or employment laws) are those that mediate the relationship between workers, employing entities, trade unions, and the government. Collective labour law relates to the tripartite relationship between employee, ...

*Family Courts: have jurisdiction over topics relating to

Family law Family law (also called matrimonial law or the law of domestic relations) is an area of the law that deals with family matters and domestic relations. Overview Subjects that commonly fall under a nation's body of family law include: * Marriage, ...

*Commercial Courts: have jurisdiction over topics relating to

Commercial law Commercial law, also known as mercantile law or trade law, is the body of law that applies to the rights, relations, and conduct of persons and business engaged in commerce, merchandising, trade, and sales. It is often considered to be a branc ...

In the past, the

Judicial District of Lima The Judicial District of Lima is one of the 28 Judicial Districts of the Judicial System of Peru. Its main seat is in the city of Lima and its jurisdiction extends to 35 of the 43 Districts of Lima. The remaining eight districts ( Independencia, ...

had an Administrative Contentious Court. This court disappeared because of administrative reasons, but is maintained open until its current cases are resolved. Courts that receive cases from more than one speciality are called Mixed Court. In a Superior Court, when there is no determined court for a case, and there are no Mixed Courts in the Superior Court as well, the case falls under the jurisdiction of a Civil Court, with the exception of criminal cases which must be tried in a Criminal Court. Few cases originate in Superior Courts, so for this reason the act mostly as Courts of Appeals. Under

vian law, a double instance only exists in the case that a case ascends to the

Supreme Court A supreme court is the highest court within the hierarchy of courts in most legal jurisdictions. Other descriptions for such courts include court of last resort, apex court, and high (or final) court of appeal. Broadly speaking, the decisions of ...

. Those cases receive a double instance in a Superior Court according to the Abrogation doctrine.

Organization and function

Each Court is made up of five justices, one of them being the President of the Court. The president of the entire Superior Court is elected between the presidents of each individual Court. Each Superior Court has a different number of Courts. For a court to make a decision, four of the five votes must be necessary. If the four votes are not obtained, and act which is called a discord occurs in which a member of another court (in the same Superior Court), gets a sixth vote. If including the sixth vote, the decision does not obtain six votes, a seventh vote from a member of another court is given which is when the resolution must be passed.

References

{{reflist Courts in Peru

Organization and function

See also

References