Sullana
[Regional Tourism Office of Piura]
ciudad de Sullana
. Consulted on July 8, 2009. is the capital of the
Sullana Province, in the north-western coastal plains of
Peru
, image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg
, image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg
, other_symbol = Great Seal of the State
, other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal
, national_motto = "Fi ...
on the
Chira valley.
Location
Sullana is located at 04°53' south latitude and 80°41' west longitude, 38 km north of
Piura, the capital of the region.
Climate
The province has a
tropical savanna
Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands is a terrestrial biome defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature. The biome is dominated by grass and/or shrubs located in semi-arid to semi-humid climate regions of subtropical and t ...
climate and an average temperature of 27 °C degrees. The minimum temperature is 16 °C and the maximum temperature is 38 °C (can go over 42 °C mark if the
El Niño
El Niño (; ; ) is the warm phase of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and is associated with a band of warm ocean water that develops in the central and east-central equatorial Pacific (approximately between the International Date ...
phenomenon is present).
The city is irrigated by the
Chira River
Chira River or Rio Chira is the name of a river (as well as valley) in northern Peru whose mouth is 100 km north west of the provincial capital of Piura and 25 km north of the port of Paita.
Its source is in the Ecuadorian Andes near th ...
, the area around the capital city of Sullana is very fertile and there is much lush, tropical vegetation:
Coconut palm trees,
banana trees,
paddy fields, etc. Sullana is an important commercial centre in one of Peru's major
cotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus ''Gossypium'' in the mallow family Malvaceae. The fiber is almost pure cellulose, and can contain minor perce ...
-growing areas, along with the
San Martín Region and the smaller
Tumbes Region
Tumbes () is a coastal department and region in northwestern Peru bordering Ecuador. Due to the region's location near the Equator it has a warm climate, with beaches that are considered among the finest in Peru. Despite its small area, the re ...
. A new
sugar cane
Sugarcane or sugar cane is a species of (often hybrid) tall, perennial grass (in the genus '' Saccharum'', tribe Andropogoneae) that is used for sugar production. The plants are 2–6 m (6–20 ft) tall with stout, jointed, fibrous stalk ...
plantation has been planted nearby to produce maple ethanol for
ethanol
Ethanol (abbr. EtOH; also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol) is an organic compound. It is an alcohol with the chemical formula . Its formula can be also written as or (an ethyl group linked to a ...
production.
Population
Migration to Sullana has been intensive, but "pueblos jóvenes" (
shanty towns) are neither widespread nor conspicuous, as they are in Piura for example. The population in Sullana was 112,770 in 1981, 147,361 in 1993 and c. 162,500 in 2005.
History
The Chira valley has always been an important farming area. Before the
Spanish Invasion, ethnic groups like the
Tallanes, the
Mochicas, the
Chimú
Chimor (also Kingdom of Chimor or Chimú Empire) was the political grouping of the Chimú culture. The culture arose about 900 AD, succeeding the Moche culture, and was later conquered by the Inca emperor Topa Inca Yupanqui around 1470, fifty y ...
, and finally the
Incas
The Inca Empire (also known as the Incan Empire and the Inka Empire), called ''Tawantinsuyu'' by its subjects, ( Quechua for the "Realm of the Four Parts", "four parts together" ) was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The adm ...
had settled here. This region was chosen by the Spaniards to found their first city in this part of the Americas, San Miguel de Tangarara, on July 15, 1532. The Spaniards changed the native farming system and created
Repartimiento
The ''Repartimiento'' () (Spanish, "distribution, partition, or division") was a colonial labor system imposed upon the indigenous population of Spanish America. In concept, it was similar to other tribute-labor systems, such as the ''mit'a'' of t ...
s and
Encomiendas.
Sullana was founded late in the 18th century, on July 8, 1783, by Bishop Baltazar Jaime Martínez de Compañon y Bufanda and given the name of "El Principe" (The Prince).
Transportation
Sullana has good bus connections to the north, to
Piura in the south, as well as inland to
Ayabaca
Ayabaca is a town in the highlands of the Piura Region in northwestern Peru, near the border with Ecuador. It is located in the Ayabaca Province and is capital of that province and Ayabaca District, to the southeast of the Ecuadorian border tow ...
and to
La Tina
LA most frequently refers to Los Angeles, the second largest city in the United States.
La, LA, or L.A. may also refer to:
Arts and entertainment Music
* La (musical note), or A, the sixth note
* "L.A.", a song by Elliott Smith on ''Figur ...
on the
Ecuador
Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: ''Ikwadur Ripuwlika''; Shuar: ''Eku ...
ian border.
The
Tren de la Costa is planned.
Tourism
In the first week of January the Feria Internacional de los Reyes is celebrated.
The
Poechos Reservoir
Poechos Reservoir is a middle-sized reservoir on Peru's Chira River in the border area between Peru and Ecuador.
Its purpose is to improve the accumulation of water stocks in the upper part of Peru's Chira basin by flood control, irrigation, drain ...
, 27 km from the city, offers water sports like water skiing, motor-boating, fishing and swimming.
Image:Mirador de sullana.jpg, The Mirador de Sullana is one of the many tourist sites that has a view of the city
References
External links
{{Coord, 4, 54, S, 80, 41, W, type:city, display=title
Populated places in the Piura Region
Cities in Peru