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The Law of 3 October 1940 on the status of Jews was a law enacted by
Vichy France. It provided a legal definition of the expression ''Jewish race'', which was used during the Nazi occupation for the implementation of Vichy's ideological policy of "
National Revolution
National may refer to:
Common uses
* Nation or country
** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen
Places in the United States
* National, Maryland, ce ...
" comprising
corporatist and
antisemitic
Antisemitism (also spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism) is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against Jews. A person who holds such positions is called an antisemite. Antisemitism is considered to be a form of racism.
Antis ...
racial policies. It also listed the occupations forbidden to Jews meeting the definition. The law was signed by Marshall
Philippe Pétain and the
main members of his government.
The Vichy regime was nominally independent, unlike the northern,
Occupied zone
Military occupation, also known as belligerent occupation or simply occupation, is the effective military control by a ruling power over a territory that is outside of that power's sovereign territory.Eyāl Benveniśtî. The international law ...
, which was under direct
occupation by Nazi Germany; but the Pétain regime didn't wait to be ordered to draw up antisemitic measures by the Nazis, but took them on their own initiative. Antisemitic measures began to be drawn up almost immediately after Pétain signed the
Armistice of 22 June 1940, ending hostilities and establishing the terms of France's surrender to the Germans, including the division of France into the occupied and free zones.
The law was signed one day before the
Law regarding foreign nationals of the Jewish race which authorized and organized the internment of foreign Jews and marked the beginning of the
policy of collaboration of the
Vichy regime with
Nazi Germany's plans for the
extermination of the Jews of Europe. These two laws were published simultaneously in the
Journal officiel de la République française
A journal, from the Old French ''journal'' (meaning "daily"), may refer to:
*Bullet journal, a method of personal organization
*Diary, a record of what happened over the course of a day or other period
*Daybook, also known as a general journal, a ...
on 18 October 1940.
This was enacted in defiance of the positions of the
Council of State. The Council of State was still in place since the
National Assembly was no longer in power after 11 July 1940 when it
granted full powers to Philippe Pétain.
The law was replaced on 14 June 1941 by the
Second law on the status of Jews
Second French Jewish Statute, Act of 2 June 1941 (La Loi du 2 juin 1941, Statut des Juifs), was an anti-semitic Act that was created by Vichy France and signed into law by Marshall Philippe Pétain, Pétain, that replaced the Law on the status of ...
.
See also
*
Collaboration with the Axis Powers during World War II
*
French Fourth Republic
*
French Third Republic
*
German occupation of France
*
History of the Jews in France
*
Vichy anti-Jewish legislation
Anti-Jewish laws were enacted by the Vichy France government in 1940 and 1941 affecting metropolitan France and its overseas territories during World War II. These laws were, in fact, decrees of head of state Marshal Philippe Pétain, since Parli ...
*
Vichy France
*
Vichy Holocaust collaboration timeline
*
Zone libre
References
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;Footnotes
Works cited
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Further reading
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External links
1940 in France
Antisemitism in France
France in World War II
Jewish French history
Judaism in France
Legal history of France
Modern history of France
October 1940 events
Politics of World War II
Vichy France
Philippe Pétain
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