Stanisław Barańczak (, November 13, 1946December 26, 2014) was a Polish

poet A poet is a person who studies and creates poetry. Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as such by others. A poet may simply be the creator ( thinker, songwriter, writer, or author) who creates (composes) poems (oral or writte ...

, literary

critic A critic is a person who communicates an assessment and an opinion of various forms of creative works such as art, literature, music, cinema, theater, fashion, architecture, and food. Critics may also take as their subject social or governmen ...

scholar A scholar is a person who pursues academic and intellectual activities, particularly academics who apply their intellectualism into expertise in an area of study. A scholar can also be an academic, who works as a professor, teacher, or researche ...

editor Editing is the process of selecting and preparing written, photographic, visual, audible, or cinematic material used by a person or an entity to convey a message or information. The editing process can involve correction, condensation, orga ...

translator Translation is the communication of the Meaning (linguistic), meaning of a #Source and target languages, source-language text by means of an Dynamic and formal equivalence, equivalent #Source and target languages, target-language text. The ...

and

lecturer Lecturer is an List of academic ranks, academic rank within many universities, though the meaning of the term varies somewhat from country to country. It generally denotes an academic expert who is hired to teach on a full- or part-time basis. T ...

. He is perhaps most well known for his

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ide ...

-to-

Polish Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Poles Poles,, ; singular masculine: ''Polak'', singular feminine: ''Polka'' or Polish people, are a West Slavic nation and ethnic group, w ...

translations of the dramas of

William Shakespeare William Shakespeare ( 26 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) was an English playwright, poet and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's nation ...

and of the poetry of

E.E. Cummings Edward Estlin Cummings, who was also known as E. E. Cummings, e. e. cummings and e e cummings (October 14, 1894 - September 3, 1962), was an American poet, painter, essayist, author and playwright. He wrote approximately 2,900 poems, two autobi ...

Elizabeth Bishop Elizabeth Bishop (February 8, 1911 – October 6, 1979) was an American people, American poet and short-story writer. She was Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress from 1949 to 1950, the Pulitzer Prize winner for Poetry in 1956, the N ...

Emily Dickinson Emily Elizabeth Dickinson (December 10, 1830 – May 15, 1886) was an American poet. Little-known during her life, she has since been regarded as one of the most important figures in American poetry. Dickinson was born in Amherst, Massach ...

Wystan Hugh Auden Wystan Hugh Auden (; 21 February 1907 – 29 September 1973) was a British-American poet. Auden's poetry was noted for its stylistic and technical achievement, its engagement with politics, morals, love, and religion, and its variety in ...

Seamus Heaney Seamus Justin Heaney (; 13 April 1939 – 30 August 2013) was an Irish poet, playwright and translator. He received the 1995 Nobel Prize in Literature.

Thomas Hardy Thomas Hardy (2 June 1840 – 11 January 1928) was an English novelist and poet. A Victorian realist in the tradition of George Eliot, he was influenced both in his novels and in his poetry by Romanticism, including the poetry of William Word ...

, Gerard Manley Hopkins,

Thomas Stearns Eliot Thomas Stearns Eliot (26 September 18884 January 1965) was a poet, essayist, publisher, playwright, literary critic and editor.Bush, Ronald. "T. S. Eliot's Life and Career", in John A Garraty and Mark C. Carnes (eds), ''American National Biogr ...

John Keats John Keats (31 October 1795 – 23 February 1821) was an English poet of the second generation of Romantic poets, with Lord Byron and Percy Bysshe Shelley. His poems had been in publication for less than four years when he died of tuberculo ...

Robert Frost Robert Lee Frost (March26, 1874January29, 1963) was an American poet. His work was initially published in England before it was published in the United States. Known for his realistic depictions of rural life and his command of American colloq ...

Edward Lear Edward Lear (12 May 1812 – 29 January 1888) was an English artist, illustrator, musician, author and poet, who is known mostly for his literary nonsense in poetry and prose and especially his limerick (poetry), limericks, a form he popularised. ...

and others.

Personal life

Born in

Poznań Poznań () is a city on the River Warta in west-central Poland, within the Greater Poland region. The city is an important cultural and business centre, and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Saint John ...

, Poland on November 13, 1946, Barańczak was raised by his father Jan and mother Zofia, both doctors. He was the brother of the novelist

Małgorzata Musierowicz Małgorzata Musierowicz (born January 9, 1945) is a popular Polish writer, author of many stories and novels for children and teenagers, but read with pleasure by adults too. She is the sister of poet and translator Stanisław Barańczak. Life ...

. He studied

philology Philology () is the study of language in oral and writing, written historical sources; it is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics (with especially strong ties to etymology). Philology is also defin ...

at Poznań's

Adam Mickiewicz University Adam; el, Ἀδάμ, Adám; la, Adam is the name given in Genesis 1-5 to the first human. Beyond its use as the name of the first man, ''adam'' is also used in the Bible as a pronoun, individually as "a human" and in a collective sense as " ...

, where he obtained an

M.A. A Master of Arts ( la, Magister Artium or ''Artium Magister''; abbreviated MA, M.A., AM, or A.M.) is the holder of a master's degree awarded by universities in many countries. The degree is usually contrasted with that of Master of Science. Tho ...

and

Ph.D. A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, Ph.D., or DPhil; Latin: or ') is the most common degree at the highest academic level awarded following a course of study. PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. Because it is ...

His doctoral dissertation concerned the poetic language of

Miron Białoszewski Miron Białoszewski (; born 30 June 1922, Warsaw; died 17 June 1983, Warsaw) was a Polish poet, novelist, playwright and actor. Biography Białoszewski studied linguistics at the clandestine courses of the University of Warsaw during the Germ ...

. In 1968, he married Anna Brylka, with whom he had two children, Michael and Anna.

Career

Barańczak became a lecturer at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. He broke into print as a poet and critic in 1965. Barańczak was on the staff of the Poznań magazine ''Nurt'' from 1967 to 1971. After the political events of June 1976, he became a co-founder of the

Workers' Defence Committee The Workers' Defense Committee ( pl, Komitet Obrony Robotników , KOR) was a Polish civil society group that was established to give aid to prisoners and their families after the June 1976 protests and ensuing government crackdown. KOR was an exam ...

(KOR) and of the clandestine quarterly ''Zapis''. In 1981, the year Poland declared

martial law Martial law is the imposition of direct military control of normal civil functions or suspension of civil law by a government, especially in response to an emergency where civil forces are overwhelmed, or in an occupied territory. Use Marti ...

, he left the country and accepted a three-year contract to work as a lecturer at

Harvard University Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1636 as Harvard College and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of higher le ...

. He stayed at Harvard for almost two decades, leaving in 1999 due to complications with

Parkinson's disease Parkinson's disease (PD), or simply Parkinson's, is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system. The symptoms usually emerge slowly, and as the disease worsens, non-motor symptoms becom ...

. He was a co-founder of the Paris ''Zeszyty Literackie'' ("Literary Textbooks") in 1983, and a regular contributor to the periodical ''Teksty Drugie''. He also served as editor of ''

The Polish Review ''The Polish Review'' is an English-language academic journal published quarterly in New York City by the Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences of America. ''The Polish Review'' was established in 1956. Editors-in-chief The following persons hav ...

'' from 1986 to 1990. Barańczak was a prominent representative of the Polish "New Wave" and is generally regarded as one of the greatest translators of

English poetry This article focuses on poetry from the United Kingdom written in the English language. The article does not cover poetry from other countries where the English language is spoken, including Republican Ireland after December 1922. The earliest ...

into

and Polish poetry into

. He received the

PEN Translation Prize The PEN Translation Prize (formerly known as the PEN/Book-of-the-Month Club Translation Prize through 2008) is an annual award given by PEN America (formerly PEN American Center) to outstanding translations into the English language. It has been pr ...

with

Clare Cavanagh Clare Cavanagh (born May 23, 1956) is an American literary critic, a Slavist, and a translator. She is the Frances Hooper Professor in the Arts and Humanities and Chair of the Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures at Northwestern Univer ...

in 1996. His book, ''Surgical Precision'' (''Chirurgiczna precyzja''), won the 1999

Nike Award The Nike Literary Award ( pl, Nagroda Literacka „Nike") is a literary prize awarded each year for the best book of a single living author writing in Polish and published the previous year. It is widely considered the most important award for ...

- Poland's top

literary prize A literary award or literary prize is an award presented in recognition of a particularly lauded Literature, literary piece or body of work. It is normally presented to an author. Organizations Most literary awards come with a corresponding award ...

. The language he employed in his works is highly evocative of the poetry of

John Donne John Donne ( ; 22 January 1572 – 31 March 1631) was an English poet, scholar, soldier and secretary born into a recusant family, who later became a clergy, cleric in the Church of England. Under royal patronage, he was made Dean of St Paul's ...

and

, with whom he felt strongest connection and whose literary legacy he helped popularize in Poland. Barańczak's own poetry deals with three major themes: the

ethical Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that "involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior".''Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' The field of ethics, along with aesthetics, concerns ma ...

, the

political Politics (from , ) is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of resources or status. The branch of social science that studies ...

, and the

literary Literature is any collection of written work, but it is also used more narrowly for writings specifically considered to be an art form, especially prose fiction, drama, and poetry. In recent centuries, the definition has expanded to include ...

. His language can be characterized as outstandingly fluent and flexible and the subject-matter of his poems seems to confirm his commitment to social issues. He started his literary career as "a poetic critic of language and the

social order The term social order can be used in two senses: In the first sense, it refers to a particular system of social structures and institutions. Examples are the ancient, the feudal, and the capitalist social order. In the second sense, social order ...

" but his greatest achievements came from his works as a late-20th-century Parnassist, a master of poetic form. Barańczak introduced the concept of semantic dominant (Polish: ''dominanta semantyczna'') in translations of poetry. The semantic dominant is a "key to the content" of the poem. It is a semantic or formal element that is most crucial and irreplaceable. It can take the form of rhyme, versification, syntax, or the other stylistic elements that prevail. The translator's task is to find the dominant feature of a given work and make it the most important translation element. This approach to poetry translations is based on heuristic model, which Barańczak described in his essay entitled: "Mały, lecz maksymalistyczny manifest translatologiczny"(Small but Maximalistic Translatological Manifest), included in his book:"Saved in Translation: Sketches on the Craft of Translating Poetry". Some of his poems were set to music by

Jan Krzysztof Kelus Jan Krzysztof Kelus, also known by his initials JKK, (born 1942) is a Polish singer, poet, composer, and a member of the democratic opposition in Poland between the 1960s and 1980s. A professional sociologist, Kelus is best known for a number of b ...

Death

Stanisław Barańczak died at the age of 68 after "a long debilitating disease" in

Newtonville, Massachusetts Newtonville is one of the thirteen villages within the city of Newton in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. Geography Newtonville is a predominantly residential neighborhood. It is divided into two parts by the Massachusetts Turnp ...

on December 26, 2014. He was buried at

Mount Auburn Cemetery Mount Auburn Cemetery is the first rural cemetery, rural, or garden, cemetery in the United States, located on the line between Cambridge, Massachusetts, Cambridge and Watertown, Massachusetts, Watertown in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, Middl ...

Bibliography

Each year below links to its corresponding "

ear An ear is the organ that enables hearing and, in mammals, body balance using the vestibular system. In mammals, the ear is usually described as having three parts—the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear. The outer ear consists of ...

in poetry" article: Poetry: * 1968, ''Korekta twarzy'' ("Facial Corrections"), Poznan: Wydawnictwo Poznanskie * 1968, ''Dziennik poranny'' ("Morning Journal"), Poznan: Wydawnictwo Poznanskie *

1970 Events January * January 1 – Unix time epoch reached at 00:00:00 UTC. * January 5 – The 7.1 Tonghai earthquake shakes Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, with a maximum Mercalli intensity scale, Mercalli intensity of X (''Extrem ...

, ''Jednym tchem'' ("Without Stopping for Breath"), Warsaw: Orientacja * 1977, ''Ja wiem, że to niesłuszne'' ("I Know It's Not Right"), Paris: Instytut Literacki * 1978, ''Sztuczne oddychanie'' ("Artificial Respiration"), London: Aneks - English edition: ''Artificial Respiration'' (translated Chris Zielinski), ''Poetry World'' 2, March 1989. * 1980, ''Tryptyk z betonu, zmęczenia i śniegu'' ("Triptych with Concrete, Fatigue and Snow"), Kraków: KOS *

1986 The year 1986 was designated as the International Year of Peace by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 ** Aruba gains increased autonomy from the Netherlands by separating from the Netherlands Antilles. **Spain and Portugal ente ...

, ''Atlantyda i inne wiersze z lat 1981-85'' ("Atlantis and Other Poems"), London: Puls *

1988 File:1988 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The oil platform Piper Alpha explodes and collapses in the North Sea, killing 165 workers; The USS Vincennes (CG-49) mistakenly shoots down Iran Air Flight 655; Australia celebrates its Australian ...

, ''Widokówka z tego świata'' ("A Postcard from the Other World"), Paris: Zeszyty Literackie *

1990 File:1990 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1990 FIFA World Cup is played in Italy; The Human Genome Project is launched; Voyager I takes the famous Pale Blue Dot image- speaking on the fragility of Humankind, humanity on Earth, Astroph ...

, ''159 wierszy 1968-88'' ("159 Poems"), Kraków: Znak *

1994 File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which Sinking of the MS Estonia, sank in ...

, ''Podróż zimowa'' ("Journey in Winter"), Poznan: a5 *

1997 File:1997 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The movie set of ''Titanic'', the highest-grossing movie in history at the time; ''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'', is published; Comet Hale-Bopp passes by Earth and becomes one of t ...

, ''Zimy i podroże'' ("Winter and Journeys"), Kraków: WL * 1998, ''Chirurgiczna precyzja'' ("Surgical Precision"), Kraków: a5 *

2006 File:2006 Events Collage V1.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2006 Winter Olympics open in Turin; Twitter is founded and launched by Jack Dorsey; The Nintendo Wii is released; Montenegro 2006 Montenegrin independence referendum, votes to declare ...

, ''Wiersze zebrane'', Kraków: a5, 2006 Light verse: *

1991 File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the Phil ...

, ''Biografioly: poczet 56 jednostek sławnych, sławetnych i osławionych'' ("Biographies of 56 Celebrated, Famous or Notorious Individuals"), Poznan: a5 *

, ''Zwierzęca zajadłość: z zapisków zniechęconego zoologa'' ("Animal Ferocity: From the Notes of a Discouraged Zoologist"), Poznan: a5 *

1995 File:1995 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: O.J. Simpson is O. J. Simpson murder case, acquitted of the murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman from the 1994, year prior in "The Trial of the Century" in the United States; The ...

, ''Słoń, trąba i ojczyzna'' ("The Elephant, the Trunk, and the Polish Question"), Kraków: Znak *''Pegaz zdębiał. Poezja nonsensu a życie codzienne: Wprowadzenie w prywatną teorię gatunków'' (''Pegasus fell dumb. Nonsense poetry and everyday life: introduction to a private theory of genres''), Puls, London 1995. Literary criticism: * 1973, ''Ironia i harmonia'' ("Irony and Harmony"), Warsaw: Czytelnik * 1974, ''Język poetycki Mirona Białoszewskiego'' ("Miron Bialoszewski's Poetic Language"),

Wrocław Wrocław (; german: Breslau, or . ; Silesian German: ''Brassel'') is a city in southwestern Poland and the largest city in the historical region of Silesia. It lies on the banks of the River Oder in the Silesian Lowlands of Central Europe, rou ...

Ossolineum Ossoliński National Institute ( pl, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich, ZNiO), or the Ossolineum is a Polish cultural foundation, publishing house, archival institute and a research centre of national significance founded in 1817 in Lwów (now L ...

* 1979, ''Etyka i poetyka'' ("Ethics and Poetics"), Paris: Instytut Literacki *

1981 Events January * January 1 ** Greece enters the European Economic Community, predecessor of the European Union. ** Palau becomes a self-governing territory. * January 10 – Salvadoran Civil War: The FMLN launches its first major offensiv ...

, ''Książki najgorsze 1975-1980'' ("The Worst Books"), Kraków: KOS * 1984, ''Uciekinier z utopii. O poezji Zbigniewa Herberta'' ("Fugitive from Utopia: On the Poetry of Zbigniew Herbert"), London: Polonia *

, ''Tablica z Macondo. Osiemnaście prób wytłumaczenia, po co i dlaczego się pisze'' ("A License Plate from Macondo: Eighteen Attempts at Explaining Why One Writes"), London: Aneks *

1992 File:1992 Events Collage V1.png, From left, clockwise: 1992 Los Angeles riots, Riots break out across Los Angeles, California after the Police brutality, police beating of Rodney King; El Al Flight 1862 crashes into a residential apartment buildi ...

, ''Ocalone w tłumaczeniu. Szkice o warsztacie tłumaczenia poezji'' ("Saved in Translation: Sketches on the Craft of Translating Poetry"), Poznan: a5 * 1996, ''Poezja i duch uogólnienia. Wybór esejów 1970-1995'' ("Poetry and the Spirit of Generalization: Selected Essays"), Kraków: Znak Translations into

: *

** ''150 wierszy'' (1983) *

** ''

Hamlet ''The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark'', often shortened to ''Hamlet'' (), is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare sometime between 1599 and 1601. It is Shakespeare's longest play, with 29,551 words. Set in Denmark, the play depicts ...

'' (1990) ** '' Romeo i Julia'' (1990) ** '' Jak wam się podoba'' (1990) ** '' Król Lear'' (1991) ** '' Burza'' (1991) ** '' Kupiec wenecki'' (1991) ** '' Sen nocy letniej'' (1991) ** '' Zimowa opowieść'' (1991) ** '' Makbet'' (1992) ** '' Dwaj panowie z Werony'' (1992) ** '' Poskromienie złośnicy'' (1992) ** ''

Otello ''Otello'' () is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Arrigo Boito, based on Shakespeare's play ''Othello''. It was Verdi's penultimate opera, first performed at the Teatro alla Scala, Milan, on 5 February 1887. Th ...

'' (1993) ** '' Juliusz Cezar'' (1993) ** '' Komedia omyłek'' (1994) ** '' Stracone zachody miłości'' (1994) ** '' Wieczór Trzech Króli'' (1994) ** '' Wiele hałasu o nic'' (1994) ** '' Koriolan'' (1995) ** '' Król Ryszard III'' (1996) ** '' Tymon Ateńczyk'' (1996) ** '' Wesołe kumoszki z Windsoru'' (1998) ** '' Król Henryk IV część 1'' (1998) ** '' Król Henryk IV część 2'' (1998) ** '' Król Henryk V'' (1999) ** '' Wszystko dobre, co się dobrze kończy'' (2001) *

, ''33 wiersze'' (1995) *

** ''100 wierszy'' ** ''Drugie 100 wierszy'' (1995) *

, ** ''44 wiersze'' (1994) ** ''Morze i zwierciadło. Komentarz do "Burzy" Szekspira'' (published by Wydawnictwo a5, Kraków 2003) *

Seamus Heaney Seamus Justin Heaney (; 13 April 1939 – 30 August 2013) was an Irish poet, playwright and translator. He received the 1995 Nobel Prize in Literature.

, ** ''44 wiersze'' (1994) ** ''Ciągnąc dalej. Nowe wiersze 1991-1996'' (1996) ** ''Światło elektryczne'' (published by Wydawnictwo Znak, Kraków 2003) *

, ''55 wierszy'' (1993) * Gerard Manley Hopkins, ''33 wiersze''. *

Ursula K. Le Guin Ursula Kroeber Le Guin (; October 21, 1929 – January 22, 2018) was an American author best known for her works of speculative fiction, including science fiction works set in her Hainish universe, and the '' Earthsea'' fantasy series. She was ...

, '' Czarnoksiężnik z Archipelagu'' (published by Wydawnictwo Literackie 1983) *

, ''Koty'' (1995) * Iosif Brodski (

Joseph Brodsky Iosif Aleksandrovich Brodsky (; russian: link=no, Иосиф Александрович Бродский ; 24 May 1940 – 28 January 1996) was a Russian and American poet and essayist. Born in Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg), USSR in 1940, ...

), ''Znak Wodny'' (1993) *

Charles Simic Dušan Simić ( sr-cyr, Душан Симић, ; born May 9, 1938), known as Charles Simic, is a Serbian American poet and former co-poetry editor of the ''Paris Review''. He received the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1990 for ''The World Doesn't ...

, ''Madonny z dorysowaną szpicbródką oraz inne wiersze, prozy poetyckie i eseje'' (1992) *

Thomas Campion Thomas Campion (sometimes spelled Campian; 12 February 1567 – 1 March 1620) was an English composer, poet, and physician. He was born in London, educated at Cambridge, studied law in Gray's inn. He wrote over a hundred lute songs, masques for ...

, ''33 pieśni'' (1995) *

Andrew Marvell Andrew Marvell (; 31 March 1621 – 16 August 1678) was an English metaphysical poet, satirist and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1659 and 1678. During the Commonwealth period he was a colleague and friend ...

, ''24 wiersze'' (1993) *

, ''33 wiersze'' (1997) * Robert Herrick, ''77 wierszy'' (1992) *

, ''55 wierszy'' (1992) *

George Herbert George Herbert (3 April 1593 – 1 March 1633) was an English poet, orator, and priest of the Church of England. His poetry is associated with the writings of the metaphysical poets, and he is recognised as "one of the foremost British devoti ...

, ''66 wierszy'' (1997) *

, ''44 opowiastki'' (1998) *

Philip Larkin Philip Arthur Larkin (9 August 1922 – 2 December 1985) was an English poet, novelist, and librarian. His first book of poetry, ''The North Ship'', was published in 1945, followed by two novels, ''Jill'' (1946) and ''A Girl in Winter'' (1947 ...

, ''44 wiersze'' (1991) *

, ''77 wierszy'' (1997) *

Paul Celan Paul Celan (; ; 23 November 1920 – c. 20 April 1970) was a Romanian-born German-language poet and translator. He was born as Paul Antschel to a Jewish family in Cernăuți (German: Czernowitz), in the then Kingdom of Romania (now Chernivtsi, U ...

, ''Utwory wybrane'' (1998) * Vladimir Bukowsky (

Vladimir Bukovsky Vladimir Konstantinovich Bukovsky (russian: link=no, Влади́мир Константи́нович Буко́вский; 30 December 1942 – 27 October 2019) was a Russian-born British human rights activist and writer. From the late 195 ...

), ''I powraca wiatr ...'' (1999) * Alexandr Galytch ( Alexander Galich), ''Pytajcie, synkowie. Wiersze i piosenki'' (1995) *

James Merrill James Ingram Merrill (March 3, 1926 – February 6, 1995) was an American poet. He was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for poetry in 1977 for ''Divine Comedies.'' His poetry falls into two distinct bodies of work: the polished and formalist lyri ...

, ''Wybór poezji'' (1990) * Natalia Gorbaniewska (

Natalya Gorbanevskaya Natalya Yevgenyevna Gorbanevskaya ( rus, Ната́лья Евге́ньевна Горбане́вская, p=nɐˈtalʲjə jɪvˈɡʲenʲjɪvnə ɡərbɐˈnʲefskəjə, a=Natal'ya Yevgen'yevna Gorbanyevskaya.ru.vorb.oga; 26 May 1936 – 29 Nove ...

), ''Drewniany anioł. Wiersze'' *

Lewis Carroll Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (; 27 January 1832 – 14 January 1898), better known by his pen name Lewis Carroll, was an English author, poet and mathematician. His most notable works are ''Alice's Adventures in Wonderland'' (1865) and its sequel ...

W. S. Gilbert Sir William Schwenck Gilbert (18 November 1836 – 29 May 1911) was an English dramatist, librettist, poet and illustrator best known for his collaboration with composer Arthur Sullivan, which produced fourteen comic operas. The most f ...

A. E. Housman Alfred Edward Housman (; 26 March 1859 – 30 April 1936) was an English classical scholar and poet. After an initially poor performance while at university, he took employment as a clerk in London and established his academic reputation by pub ...

Hilaire Belloc Joseph Hilaire Pierre René Belloc (, ; 27 July 187016 July 1953) was a Franco-English writer and historian of the early twentieth century. Belloc was also an orator, poet, sailor, satirist, writer of letters, soldier, and political activist. H ...

, ''44 opowiastki wierszem'' (published by Wydawnictwo Znak 1998) *

Henry Vaughan Henry Vaughan (17 April 1621 – 23 April 1695) was a Welsh metaphysical poet, author and translator writing in English, and a medical physician. His religious poetry appeared in ''Silex Scintillans'' in 1650, with a second part in 1655.''Oxfo ...

, ''33 wiersze'' (published by Wydawnictwo Znak 2000) * ''Z Tobą więc ze Wszystkim: 222 arcydzieła angielskiej i amerykańskiej liryki religijnej'' (published by Wydawnictwo Znak 1992) * ''Ocalone w tłumaczeniu: szkice o warsztacie tłumacza poezji z dodatkiem małej antologii przekładów-problemów'' (published by Wydawnictwo a5 Kraków 2004) * ''Fioletowa krowa: antologia angielskiej i amerykańskiej poezji niepoważnej'' (published by Wydawnictwo a5 Kraków 2007) *

Ogden Nash Frederic Ogden Nash (August 19, 1902 – May 19, 1971) was an American poet well known for his light verse, of which he wrote over 500 pieces. With his unconventional rhyming schemes, he was declared by ''The New York Times'' the country's best ...

, ''W świecie mułów nie ma regułów'' (published by Media Rodzina 2007) * Peter Barnes, ''Czerwone nosy'' (published in ''Dialog'', 1993, number 1-2, p. 35-101) * ''Antologia angielskiej poezji metafizycznej XVII stulecia'' (published by PIW 1991) Translations into

(anthologies): ** 1989: ''The Weight of the Body: Selected Poems'', Chicago: Another Chicago Press/TriQuarterly **

1987 File:1987 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The MS Herald of Free Enterprise capsizes after leaving the Port of Zeebrugge in Belgium, killing 193; Northwest Airlines Flight 255 crashes after takeoff from Detroit Metropolitan Airport, k ...

: ''A Fugitive From Utopia: The Poetry of

Zbigniew Herbert Zbigniew Herbert (; 29 October 1924 – 28 July 1998) was a Polish poet, essayist, drama writer and moralist. He is one of the best known and the most translated post-war Polish writers. While he was first published in the 1950s (a volume title ...

'', Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press **

Jan Kochanowski Jan Kochanowski (; 1530 – 22 August 1584) was a Polish Renaissance poet who established poetic patterns that would become integral to the Polish literary language. He is commonly regarded as the greatest Polish poet before Adam Mickiewicz. ...

, ''

Laments A lament or lamentation is a passionate expression of grief, often in music, poetry, or song form. The grief is most often born of regret, or mourning. Laments can also be expressed in a verbal manner in which participants lament about something ...

'' (with

Seamus Heaney Seamus Justin Heaney (; 13 April 1939 – 30 August 2013) was an Irish poet, playwright and translator. He received the 1995 Nobel Prize in Literature.

) Translations into

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) ** Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...

(anthologies): **

: ''Panorama der Polnischen literatur des 20 Jahrhunderts'', Zürich: Ammann **

: ''Polnische Lyrik Aus 100 Jahren'', Gifkendorf: Merlin

References

External links

Barańczak's profile at the Harvard University Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures website

{{DEFAULTSORT:Baranczak, Stanislaw 1946 births 2014 deaths 20th-century Polish poets 20th-century translators Burials at Mount Auburn Cemetery Harvard University faculty Members of the Workers' Defence Committee Nike Award winners Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań faculty Polish–English translators Polish dissidents Polish emigrants to the United States Solidarity (Polish trade union) activists The New Yorker people Polish translation scholars English–Polish translators Writers from Poznań The Polish Review editors