Genealogical relations
Southern Tiwa belongs to the Tiwa sub-grouping of the Kiowa–Tanoan language family. It is closely related to the more northernly PicurÃs (spoken at Picuris Pueblo) andLanguage variation
Southern Tiwa had threeSound system
Southern Tiwa has 26 consonants: : Stops /pʰ, tʰ, kʰ/ and /b, d/ may be fricated in different positions as , θ, xor �, ð Southern Tiwa has six vowels that have both an oral and nasal contrast. : Southern Tiwa has three tones: ''high'', ''mid'', and ''low''.References
Bibliography
* Allen, Barbara J. (1978). ''Goal advancement in Southern Tiwa''. SIL working papers (No. 22). Summer Institute of Linguistics and University of North Dakota. * Allen, Barbara J.; & Frantz, Donald G. (1978). Verb agreement in Southern Tiwa. In ''Proceedings of the fourth annual meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society'' (pp. 11–17). * Allen, Barbara J.; & Frantz, Donald G. (1983). ''An impersonal passive in Southern Tiwa''. SIL working papers (No. 25). Summer Institute of Linguistics and University of North Dakota. * Allen, Barbara J.; Frantz, Donald G.; & Gardiner, Donna B. (1981). ''Phantom arcs in Southern Tiwa''. SIL working papers (No. 27). Summer Institute of Linguistics and University of North Dakota. * Allen, Barbara J.; & Gardiner, Donna B. (1981). Passive in Southern Tiwa. In ''Proceedings of the ninth annual Southwestern Areal Language and Linguistic Workshop''. * Allen, Barbara J.; Gardiner, Donna B.; & Frantz, Donald G. (1984). Noun incorporation in Southern Tiwa. ''International Journal of American Linguistics'', ''50'' (3), 292-311. * Brandt, Elizabeth. (1970). ''Sandia Pueblo, New Mexico: A linguistics and ethnolinguistic investigation''. (Doctoral dissertation, Southern Methodist University). * Brandt, Elizabeth. (1970). On the origins of linguistic stratification: The Sandia case. ''Anthropological Linguistics'', ''12'' (2), 46-50. * Gardiner, Donna. (1977). ''Embedded questions in Southern Tiwa''. (Master's thesis, University of North Dakota). * Gatschet, Albert. (1891). A mythic tale of the Isleta Indians, New Mexico. ''Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society'', ''29'', 208-218. * Harrington, J. P. (1909). Notes on the Piro language. ''American Anthropologist'', ''11'' (4), 563-594. * Leap, William L. (1970). ''The language of Isleta, New Mexico''. (Doctoral dissertation, Southern Methodist University). * Leap, William L. (1970). Tiwa noun class semology: A historical view. ''Anthropological Linguistics'', ''12'' (2), 38-45. * Lummis, C. (1910). ''Pueblo Indian folk stories''. New York: The Century Co. * Sutton, Logan D. (2014). Kiowa-Tanoan: A Synchronic and Diachronic Study. The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque. * Trager, George L. (1942). The historical phonology of the Tiwa languages. ''Studies in Linguistics'', ''1'' (5), 1-10. * Trager, George L. (1943). The kinship and status terms of the Tiwa languages. ''American Anthropologist'', ''45'' (1), 557-571. * Trager, George L. (1946). An outline of Taos grammar. In C. Osgood (Ed.), ''Linguistic structures in North America'' (pp. 184–221). New York: Wenner-Green Foundation for Anthropological Research. * Yumitani, Yukihiro. (1987). A Comparative Sketch of Pueblo Languages: Phonology, ''Kansas Working Papers in Linguistics, Vol. 12'', 135-139.External links