HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

The Social Democratic Party ( pt, Partido Social Democrático, PSD) is a
political party in Brazil Brazil has a multi-party system since 1979, when the country's military dictatorship disbanded an enforced two-party system and allowed the creation of multiple parties. Above the broad range of political parties in Brazilian Congress, the W ...
led by
Gilberto Kassab Gilberto Kassab ( or ; born 12 August 1960) is a Brazilian politician and former mayor of São Paulo. His term ended in 2012. A civil engineer and economist, one of the most famous Brazilians of Syrian descent, Kassab took over from José Serra, ...
and uniting dissidents from various political parties, especially the Democrats,
Brazilian Social Democracy Party The Brazilian Social Democracy Party ( pt, Partido da Social Democracia Brasileira, PSDB), also known as the Brazilian Social Democratic Party or the Party of Brazilian Social Democracy,. is a political party in Brazil. As the third largest par ...
and Progressive Party. The party has become a major force for centrism in Brazil and commonly unites with both left-wing and right-wing parties. In this way, the party managed to have members occupying positions in ministries and important secretariats in the governments of presidents
Dilma Rousseff Dilma Vana Rousseff (; born 14 December 1947) is a Brazilian economist and politician who served as the 36th president of Brazil, holding the position from 2011 until her impeachment and removal from office on 31 August 2016. She is the first ...
, Michel Temer, and Jair Bolsonaro. As such, PSD has been considered by political scientists as a
big tent A big tent party, or catch-all party, is a term used in reference to a political party's policy of permitting or encouraging a broad spectrum of views among its members. This is in contrast to other kinds of parties, which defend a determined i ...
party, which is part of the '' Centrão''. Until March 2021, PSD congressmen had on average more than 90% alignment with the
Bolsonaro government The presidency of Jair Bolsonaro started on January 1, 2019, when he was inaugurated as the 38th president of Brazil, and will end on December 31, 2022. The cabinet Lula da Silva III will be inaugurated on January 1, 2023. He was elected the pre ...
in terms of votes in the National Congress.


History

The party, founded in 2011 by São Paulo mayor
Gilberto Kassab Gilberto Kassab ( or ; born 12 August 1960) is a Brazilian politician and former mayor of São Paulo. His term ended in 2012. A civil engineer and economist, one of the most famous Brazilians of Syrian descent, Kassab took over from José Serra, ...
, was criticized by members of the opposition political parties, primarily the Democrats (DEM), as supporting the government. Many Democrats members accused the PSD of being created by Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva to destroy the DEM and deliver on a promise made to Workers' Party (PT) supporters to "exterminate the DEM from the Brazilian political scenario". The party was criticized for having a vague program, making references to economic freedom, political reform and welfare, and being hard to differentiate from other political parties except those on the
hard left In the United Kingdom, the hard left are the left-wing political movements and ideas outside the mainstream centre-left.* * Term The term was first used in the context of debates within both the Labour Party and the broader left in the 1980 ...
. According to Kassab, "We are neither a right-wing party nor a left-wing nor a centrist party". In many Brazilian states, the PSD took a
liberal Liberal or liberalism may refer to: Politics * a supporter of liberalism ** Liberalism by country * an adherent of a Liberal Party * Liberalism (international relations) * Sexually liberal feminism * Social liberalism Arts, entertainment and ...
stance on economics and had good election results. The party has good relationships with major political parties such as the social democratic
Brazilian Socialist Party The Brazilian Socialist Party ( pt-BR, Partido Socialista Brasileiro, PSB) is a political party in Brazil. It was founded in 1947, before being abolished by the military regime in 1965 and re-organised in 1989 after the re-democratisation of Bra ...
, the national conservative Progressive Party, the
centrist Centrism is a political outlook or position involving acceptance or support of a balance of social equality and a degree of social hierarchy while opposing political changes that would result in a significant shift of society strongly to the ...
Brazilian Labour Party, the
Christian democratic Christian democracy (sometimes named Centrist democracy) is a political ideology that emerged in 19th-century Europe under the influence of Catholic social teaching and neo-Calvinism. It was conceived as a combination of modern democratic ...
Brazilian Republican Party Republicans (), formerly known as Brazilian Republican Party ( pt, Partido Republicano Brasileiro) and formed as Renovator Municipalist Party ( pt, Partido Municipalista Renovador) is a Brazilian political party. Its electoral number is 10 and ...
and the
progressive Progressive may refer to: Politics * Progressivism, a political philosophy in support of social reform ** Progressivism in the United States, the political philosophy in the American context * Progressive realism, an American foreign policy pa ...
Citizenship Citizenship is a "relationship between an individual and a state to which the individual owes allegiance and in turn is entitled to its protection". Each state determines the conditions under which it will recognize persons as its citizens, and ...
. Since its inception, the party has been associated with fusions with other parties, primarily the PP and PSB. It has endured on the Brazilian political scene, and has more representation than any political party other than the major ones. The party chaired the Finance Ministry of Brazil in Michel Temer's government, and is a major force in Brazilian politics. However, in the
state of Bahia Bahia ( , , ; meaning "bay") is one of the 26 states of Brazil, located in the Northeast Region of the country. It is the fourth-largest Brazilian state by population (after São Paulo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro) and the 5th-largest by ...
, the party is a long-term partner of the major left-wing Workers' Party, having the running mate in the gubernatorial tickets of Rui Costa and each party supporting the other in the senate elections, with
Otto Alencar Otto Alencar (born August 28, 1947) is a Brazilian politician. He has represented Bahia in the Federal Senate since 2015. Previously he was vice-governor and governor of Bahia. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party The name Social ...
and Angelo Coronel being the senators of Bahia together with the '' Petista''
Jaques Wagner Jaques Wagner (born 16 March 1951) is a Brazilian politician who was Governor of Bahia from 2007 to 2015 and Minister of Defence in 2015. Wagner, whose parents were Jewish immigrants from Poland, was born in Rio de Janeiro in 1951. In his youth, ...
The PSD supported the
impeachment of Dilma Rousseff The impeachment of Dilma Rousseff, the 36th president of Brazil, began on 2 December 2015 with a petition for her impeachment being accepted by Eduardo Cunha, then president of the Chamber of Deputies, and continued into late 2016. Dilma Rous ...
. PSD elected several senators and some governors in the Brazilian
Centro-Sul Centro-Sul (, ''South-Central'') is a geographic area that encompasses the Southeastern, Southern and Central-West regions of Brazil (see Brazil Regional Division), excluding the north of Minas Gerais and most of Mato Grosso as well as parts ...
region in 2018, with the support of Jair Bolsonaro.


Ideology

Soon after its foundation, the national president of the party, Gilberto Kassab (SP), stated: "It will not be on the right, it will not be on the left, nor on the center". The foundational purpose of the PSD is the satisfaction of the interests of the lower class that had risen to the middle class position during the Workers' Party governments. The then-vice-president of the party, Guilherme Affif Domingos (SP) wrote a document with 12 party commitments, among them: # National Development # Liberty # Democracy and Regional Representation # The Right to Security of Property # Equal Opportunities # Sustainability and Technological Innovation # Accountability and
Fiscal Responsibility A balanced budget (particularly that of a government) is a budget in which revenues are equal to expenditures. Thus, neither a budget deficit nor a budget surplus exists (the accounts "balance"). More generally, it is a budget that has no budget ...
# Freedom of the Press # Free Association # Decentralization and Federalism # Free Trade and Defense of Traditional Values # Individual Freedom and Responsibility However, according to political scientist Rui Maluf, the absence of specific programmatic content reveals that the PSD has a typically ''catch-all'' organizational nature and that its foundation reflects the dissatisfaction of its staff with previous parties, mostly from the Democratas party.


Notable members

*
Gilberto Kassab Gilberto Kassab ( or ; born 12 August 1960) is a Brazilian politician and former mayor of São Paulo. His term ended in 2012. A civil engineer and economist, one of the most famous Brazilians of Syrian descent, Kassab took over from José Serra, ...
, former Mayor of São Paulo and Former Minister of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communications * Ana Amelia Lemos, journalist, former senator for Rio Grande do Sul, and vice-presidential candidate for
Geraldo Alckmin Geraldo José Rodrigues Alckmin Filho (; born 7 November 1952) is a Brazilian politician who is the vice president-elect of Brazil. He previously served as the Governor of São Paulo from 2001 to 2006, and then again from 2011 to 2018, the lon ...
in 2018 * Rodrigo Pacheco, Senator for Minas Gerais and President of the Federal Senate


Election results


Presidential elections


Legislative elections


References


External links

* 2011 establishments in Brazil Liberal parties in Brazil Political parties established in 2011 {{Brazil-party-stub