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Stephen Born (né Simon Buttermilch; 28 December 1824 – 4 May 1898) was a German typesetter and revolutionary. As a founder of the General German Workers' Brotherhood, he created the first national trade union organization in the German workers' movement.
He was born in Lissa,
Stephen Born (né Simon Buttermilch; 28 December 1824 – 4 May 1898) was a German typesetter and revolutionary. As a founder of the General German Workers' Brotherhood, he created the first national trade union organization in the German workers' movement.
He was born in Lissa, Prussia
Prussia, , Old Prussian: ''Prūsa'' or ''Prūsija'' was a German state on the southeast coast of the Baltic Sea. It formed the German Empire under Prussian rule when it united the German states in 1871. It was '' de facto'' dissolved by an ...
n Province of Posen
The Province of Posen (german: Provinz Posen, pl, Prowincja Poznańska) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1848 to 1920. Posen was established in 1848 following the Greater Poland Uprising as a successor to the Grand Duchy of Posen, w ...
(Leszno, Poland) in 1824 and moved to Berlin in 1840. Born was a member of the Communist League
The Communist League ( German: ''Bund der Kommunisten)'' was an international political party established on 1 June 1847 in London, England. The organisation was formed through the merger of the League of the Just, headed by Karl Schapper, and t ...
, but his philosophy was more inclined toward reformism
Reformism is a political doctrine advocating the reform of an existing system or institution instead of its abolition and replacement.
Within the socialist movement, reformism is the view that gradual changes through existing institutions can eve ...
during the 1848-1849 revolution. Born was the supreme commander of the insurgency
An insurgency is a violent, armed rebellion against authority waged by small, lightly armed bands who practice guerrilla warfare from primarily rural base areas. The key descriptive feature of insurgency is its asymmetric nature: small irreg ...
in the town of Dresden
Dresden (, ; Upper Saxon: ''Dräsdn''; wen, label=Upper Sorbian, Drježdźany) is the capital city of the German state of Saxony and its second most populous city, after Leipzig. It is the 12th most populous city of Germany, the fourth lar ...
in 1849. After the defeat of the uprisings of 1849, Born left the worker's movement. He died in 1898 in Basel
, french: link=no, Bâlois(e), it, Basilese
, neighboring_municipalities= Allschwil (BL), Hégenheim (FR-68), Binningen (BL), Birsfelden (BL), Bottmingen (BL), Huningue (FR-68), Münchenstein (BL), Muttenz (BL), Reinach (BL), Riehen (BS), ...
, Switzerland
). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...
.Biographical note contained in the ''Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 10'' (International Publishers: New York, 1978) p. 713.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Born, Stephen 1824 births 1898 deaths People from Leszno People from the Province of Posen German socialists German philosophers German revolutionaries German communists German male writers