Shi Jinmo (; March 28, 1881 – August 22, 1969), former name Shi Yuqian (), was a practitioner of traditional Chinese medicine. His ancestral hometown was Kanshan Town,

Xiaoshan Xiaoshan is one of ten urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang Province, East China. Xiaoshan was formerly a city in its own right, separated by the Qiantang River from Hangzhou proper, but the municipal ...

Zhejiang Zhejiang ( or , ; , Chinese postal romanization, also romanized as Chekiang) is an East China, eastern, coastal Provinces of China, province of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Hangzhou, and other notable citie ...

, and he was born in

Guizhou Province Guizhou (; formerly Kweichow) is a landlocked province in the southwest region of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Guiyang, in the center of the province. Guizhou borders the autonomous region of Guangxi to ...

. He advocated the integration of traditional Chinese medicine into Western modern medicine.

Early life

In 1884, Shi began learning Chinese medicine from his uncle. He enrolled at the Shanxi Grand Academy (now

Shanxi University Shanxi University (, SXU) is a public university located in the city of Taiyuan, Shanxi province, China. The university was selected into the Double First Class University Plan in February 2022. History Early 1900 The Shansi Imperial Univers ...

) in 1902 but was expelled due to his dissent from the principal's campaign.

Career

From 1903 to 1906, he studied at Shanxi Judicial and Political Academy. After graduation, he joined the Capital Judicial and Political Academy, while starting his medical practice. During that time, Shi actively supported

Xinhai Revolution The 1911 Revolution, also known as the Xinhai Revolution or Hsinhai Revolution, ended China's last imperial dynasty, the Manchu-led Qing dynasty, and led to the establishment of the Republic of China. The revolution was the culmination of a ...

, and devoted to social welfare. In 1912, as a delegate from Shanxi, Shi attended the inauguration ceremony of the Temporary President of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen. Later, he assisted

Huang Xing Huang Xing or Huang Hsing (; 25 October 1874 – 31 October 1916) was a Chinese revolutionary leader and politician, and the first commander-in-chief of the Republic of China. As one of the founders of the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Republic o ...

to draft the army's military law. In 1930, he co-founded Beiping National Medical College along with Xiao Longwen and Kong Bohua; that school closed in 1944. Just two years after Beiping National Medical College had been founded, Shi had a disagreement with Kong about the school's direction, and left to establish the North China National Medical Academy. The Beijing School for the Further Education of Chinese National Practitioners (also called the "Beijing Chinese Medical Improvement School") was established on the site of the North China National Medical Academy in 1950. Shi advocated for TCM to become more rigorous and worked to standardize the names and diagnostic patterns used in TCM; he also worked to ground TCM practice and training in

anatomy Anatomy () is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science that deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old science, having it ...

physiology Physiology (; ) is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system. As a sub-discipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out the chemical ...

, pharmacology, and other basic sciences of medicine and implemented that in the curriculum of his schools. Due to the ominous political atmosphere, Shi attained his belief that "if one can not be a good minister, be a good doctor", and thus concentrated on his medical practice. He broke one character in his name, Qian (), and adopted Jinmo () as his name, incarnating the spirit of "shared love" of Mozi and the medicinal canon of Mozi. Shi was persecuted in

Cultural Revolution The Cultural Revolution, formally known as the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, was a sociopolitical movement in the People's Republic of China (PRC) launched by Mao Zedong in 1966, and lasting until his death in 1976. Its stated goa ...

. His health seriously deteriorated in spring 1969, and he died on August 22 in Beijing.

Family

Shi financed his niece Lu Shijia's studies at the

University of Göttingen The University of Göttingen, officially the Georg August University of Göttingen, (german: Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, known informally as Georgia Augusta) is a public research university in the city of Göttingen, Germany. Founded ...

in Germany under

Ludwig Prandtl Ludwig Prandtl (4 February 1875 – 15 August 1953) was a German fluid dynamicist, physicist and aerospace scientist. He was a pioneer in the development of rigorous systematic mathematical analyses which he used for underlying the science of ...

. Lu later became a renowned physicist who founded the

aerodynamics Aerodynamics, from grc, ἀήρ ''aero'' (air) + grc, δυναμική (dynamics), is the study of the motion of air, particularly when affected by a solid object, such as an airplane wing. It involves topics covered in the field of fluid dy ...

program at

Beihang University Beihang University, previously known as Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (), abbreviated as BUAA or Beihang ( zh, c=北航, p=), is a national public research university located in Beijing, China, specializing in engineering, t ...

, the first in China.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shi, Jinmo 1881 births 1969 deaths Republic of China politicians from Guizhou Members of the 1st Legislative Yuan Victims of the Cultural Revolution Traditional Chinese medicine practitioners Physicians from Guizhou