Shemirān ( fa, شمیران, , also

Romanize Romanization or romanisation, in linguistics, is the conversion of text from a different writing system to the Roman (Latin) script, or a system for doing so. Methods of romanization include transliteration, for representing written text, an ...

d as Shemīrān or Šemirân), also known as Shemirānāt ( fa, شمیرانات ) is the capital of

Shemiranat County Shemiranat County ( fa, شهرستان شمیرانات) is located in Tehran province, Iran. The capital of the county is Shemiran, which is part of the city of Tehran. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 37,778, in 11,178 househol ...

, Tehran Province,

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

, but is actually located just north of the borders of

Tehran County Tehran County ( fa, شهرستان تهران) is located in Tehran province, Iran. The capital of the county is Tehran. At the 2006 census, the county's population (including those portions of the county later split off to form Pardis County ...

along

Chamran Expressway Shahid Chamran Expressway ( fa, بزرگراه شهید چمران), Also known as Parkway Expressway ( fa, بزرگراه پارک‌وی) is an Limited-access road, expressway in Tehran, Iran, leading from Tohid Square to Parkway Junction. Cha ...

and Sadr Expressway and it is the northernmost district of the city of Tehran. Shemiran lies in the slopes of

Alborz The Alborz ( fa, البرز) range, also spelled as Alburz, Elburz or Elborz, is a mountain range in northern Iran that stretches from the border of Azerbaijan along the western and entire southern coast of the Caspian Sea and finally runs nort ...

Mountain and enjoys a suitable mild climate. It has fine and well-kept parks and is home to the richest class of

ian society. Most of the foreign embassies and the Tehran International Fair are situated in Shemiran. It is also where Imam Zadeh Saleh is, and where the former home of Ruhollah Khomeini was located. Among the neighborhoods of Shemiran are: Darakeh, Darband, Jamaran, and

Niavaran Niavaran ( fa, نياوران) is an affluent and upperclass district in the north of Tehran. Bordering leafy, uphill-winding Darband Street, it can be reached from Tajrish Square, and is close to Darabad at the far north-eastern corner of Gre ...

on the far north, as well as Zafaraniyeh, Elahiyeh,

Velenjak Velenjak ( fa, ولنجک) is an affluent neighbourhood in the northwest of Tehran, Iran. Velenjak (Also Called Roof of Tehran) is located in the Shemiran area in the northernmost part of Tehran, on the slopes of the Alborz mountain range. It is ...

Gheytarieh Qeytarieh (also spelled Gheytarieh) is an affluent neighbourhood in northern Tehran, located within the larger Shemiran district. Gheytarieh has about 150,000 residents. Qeytarieh is famous for a large park with the same name. Qeytarieh Park w ...

Farmanieh Farmanieh (also spelled Farmaniyeh) ( fa, فرمانیه) is a wealthy district located in northern Greater Tehran in the area named Shemiran. It lies within Shemiranat County and also district one of Tehran Municipality. Farmanieh has one of, ...

and

Kamranieh Kamranieh (also spelled Kamraniyeh) ( fa, كامرانيه, also Romanized as ''kāmrānīyeh'') is an affluent and luxury neighbourhood located in one of the northernmost parts of Greater Tehran in the area called Shemiran, on the slopes of Alb ...

Name

The word ''Shemiran'' or ''Shemran'' derives from the Assyrian language word ''Chamran'', which derives in turn from the name of the mythological Queen '' Shamiram'' who conquered the region . phoneme, i.e. was replaced by ) consisted of two parts: "cham" (meaning "cold" in Avestan; "zama" or "zem") + "ran" (meaning "slope"). In fact "shemran" means "the cold place" or "the cold slope". It is common in the

Iranian languages The Iranian languages or Iranic languages are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family that are spoken natively by the Iranian peoples, predominantly in the Iranian Plateau. The Iranian languages are groupe ...

that the letter "z" ( fa, "ز" ) changes to letter "ch" ( fa, "چ" ), For example in Persian the word "ruz" or "rooz" (day), from

Middle Persian Middle Persian or Pahlavi, also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg () in its later form, is a Western Middle Iranian language which became the literary language of the Sasanian Empire. For some time after the Sasanian collapse, Middle ...

"roch", is still "roch" in

Balochi language Balochi or Baluchi () is an Iranian language spoken primarily in the Balochistan region of Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan. In addition, there are speakers in Oman, the Arab states of the Persian Gulf, Turkmenistan, East Africa and in diaspor ...

and "roj" in

Kurdish Kurdish may refer to: *Kurds or Kurdish people *Kurdish languages *Kurdish alphabets *Kurdistan, the land of the Kurdish people which includes: **Southern Kurdistan **Eastern Kurdistan **Northern Kurdistan **Western Kurdistan See also * Kurd (dis ...

. Another example is the word "zemestan" (winter) consisted of two parts: "zem" (cold) + "estan" or "istan" (being, or existence), which sometimes can be seen in

Persian Literature Persian literature ( fa, ادبیات فارسی, Adabiyâte fârsi, ) comprises oral compositions and written texts in the Persian language and is one of the world's oldest literatures. It spans over two-and-a-half millennia. Its sources h ...

and common usage as "chamestan" or "chemestan".

Shemiran's native language

The language spoken from the center of Oshan to Jeiroud and

Tajrish Tajrish ( fa, تجريش, , also romanized as Tajrīš) is a neighbourhood of Tehran, capital of Iran. Administratively it is in Shemiranat County, Tehran Province. It used to be a village and later was absorbed into the city of Tehran. The Tajri ...

in the south is a kind of Perso-Tabari and has the features of Caspian languages. In far years the natives of Tehran who lived in area of

Vanak Vanak () is a neighbourhood in the northern part of Tehran, capital of Iran and there is a square and a street named after it. The word Vanak means "Small (ash) Tree" in Persian. The name derives from the original older village of Vanak (''Deh-e ...

and Shemiran had knowledge of

Mazandarani language Mazandarani (), or Tabari (), is an Iranian language of the Northwestern branch spoken by the Mazandarani people. , there were over 5,320,000 native speakers. As a member of the Northwestern branch (the northern branch of Western Iranian), etym ...

because of being bordered by the Mazandaran Province. Russian orientalist and linguist Valentin Zhukovski on a trip to Iran in the late 19th century got to know the Tajrishi dialect , a dialect that is similar to

and mentions it in his works. Until today there are people in areas of Doulab , Shah Abdol-Azim Shrine and others who speak with the Shemirani accent which is a modified version of

Climate

The annual temperature of Shemiran in Saadabad meteorological station according to the statistics of 20 years (1975-1995) is 12.9 degrees Celsius. The average rainfall of Shemiran from 1988 to 2007 was 435.8 mm. The highest recorded temperature from 1988 to 2007 was +39.8 degrees Celsius. The number of days with snowfall in Shemiran is 24 days per year.

Neighborhoods

* Darabad * Ajoudanieh * Aghdasieh *

* Jamaran *

* Darband * Zafaraniyeh * Mahmoodieh * MiniCity * Elahieh *

* Darakeh *

Evin Evin is a neighbourhood in the north of Tehran. The district consists of an old section, filled with orchards and gardens of old houses, and a new section, with high rises and skyscrapers. It is adjacent to Shahid Beheshti University campus and ...

* Gholhak * Ekhtiarieh * Ozgol * Saadat Abad

Education

The Pietro Della Valle Italian School, an Italian international school, is in the

district.Contacts

. Pietro Della Valle Italian School. Retrieved on October 18, 2015. "“Pietro della Valle” Italian School of Tehran Farmanieh, Lavassani Ave. n. 47 – 19546 Tehran (Iran) "

References

Shemiranat County Neighbourhoods in Tehran {{Shemiranat-geo-stub