The Sultanate of Serdang () was an ancient Malay-

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Gui ...

monarchy A monarchy is a form of government in which a person, the monarch, is head of state for life or until abdication. The political legitimacy and authority of the monarch may vary from restricted and largely symbolic ( constitutional monar ...

, Serdang was founded in 1723 and joined the

Republic of Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea. In ...

in 1946. The Sultanate separated from

Sultanate of Deli Sultanate of Deli ( Indonesian: ''Kesultanan Deli Darul Maimoon''; Jawi: ) was a 1,820 km² Malay state in east Sumatra founded in 1630. A tributary kingdom from 1630 it was controlled by various Sultanates until 1814, when it became an ...

after a dispute over the royal throne in 1720. Like other kingdoms on the east coast of

Sumatra Sumatra is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the sixth-largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 (182,812 mi.2), not including adjacent i ...

, Serdang prospered because of the opening of

tobacco Tobacco is the common name of several plants in the genus '' Nicotiana'' of the family Solanaceae, and the general term for any product prepared from the cured leaves of these plants. More than 70 species of tobacco are known, but the ...

rubber Rubber, also called India rubber, latex, Amazonian rubber, ''caucho'', or ''caoutchouc'', as initially produced, consists of polymers of the organic compound isoprene, with minor impurities of other organic compounds. Thailand, Malaysia, and ...

and

oil palm ''Elaeis'' () is a genus of palms containing two species, called oil palms. They are used in commercial agriculture in the production of palm oil. The African oil palm '' Elaeis guineensis'' (the species name ''guineensis'' referring to its c ...

plantations.

History

Establishment of the Sultanate of Deli

According to history, an Laksamana from Sultan Iskandar Muda Aceh named Sri Paduka Gocah Pahlawan, have a title Laksamana Khoja Bintan, married to the younger brother of Raja Urung (state) Sunggal, a Karo Tribal area that already converted to Islam. Then, by the 4 Kings of the Urung Karo tribe who were already Muslim, this Laksamana was appointed king in Deli in 1630. With that event, the Kingdom of Deli was officially established, and the Laksamana became the first Deli King. In the coronation process of the Deli King, King Urung Sunggal was in charge as Ulun Jandi, namely to say obedience from the Big Men and people to the king. Then, the Datuk Empat Institution was formed, and Raja Urung Sunggal was a member of the Datuk Empat Institution.

Crisis

In its development, in 1723 there was chaos when Tuanku Panglima Paderap, the 3rd Raja Deli died. This crisis happened because the eldest son of the King who was supposed to replace him had a defect in his eyes, so he could not become king. Son number 2, Tuanku Pasutan who was very ambitious to become king then took over the throne and expelled his younger brother, Tuanku Umar with his mother, Permaisuri Tuanku Puan Sampali, to Serdang region. According to Malay custom, Tuanku Umar was supposed to replace his father as the Deli King, because he was the son of garaha (permaisuri), while Tuanku Pasutan was only a concubine. However, because he was still a minor, Tuanku Umar was finally eliminated from the Deli. To prevent civil war from happening, the 2 Great Men of Deli, namely Raja Urung Sunggal and Raja Urung Senembal, together with an East Urung Batak King in the upstream Serdang region (Tanjong Merawa), and an official from Aceh (Lumu Kejeruan), then rationing Tuanku Umar as the first Serdang King in 1723. Since then, the Serdang Kingdom has been established as a fraction of the Deli Kingdom.

Rulers

COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Studioportret van de Sultan van Serdang TMnr 60038053

*1728 - 1782 Tuanku Umar Johan Pahlawan Alam Shah bin Tuanku Panglima Paderap ejeruan Junjungan Raja of Serdang *1782 - 1822 Tuanku Ainan Johan Pahlawan Alam Shah ibni al-Marhum Tuanku Umar l-Marhum Kacapuri Raja of Serdang. *1822 - 1851 Paduka Sri Sultan Thaf Sinar Bashar Shah ibni al-Marhum Tuanku Ainan Johan Pahlawan Alam Shah l-Marhum Besar Sultan and Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Serdang *1851 - 1879 Paduka Sri Sultan Muhammad Bashar ud-din Saif ul-'Alam Shah ibni al-Marhum Sultan Thaf Sinar Bashar *Shah l-Marhum Kota Batu Sultan and Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Serdang *20 December 1879 - 13 October 1946 Paduka Sri Sultan Tuanku Sulaiman Sharif ul-'Alam Shah ibni al-Marhum Sultan Bashar un-din Al-Marhum Perbaungan, Sultan and Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Serdang

Heads of the Royal House

*1946 - 1960 Tuanku Rajih Anwar ibni al-Marhum Sultan Sulaiman Sharif ul-'Alam Shah, Tengku Putra Mahkota, Head of the Royal House of Serdang

Sultans

*1960 - 2001 Paduka Sri Sultan Tuanku Abu Nawar Sharifu'llah Alam Shah al-Haj ibni al-Marhum Sultan Sulaiman Sharif ul-'Alam Shah, Sultan and Head of the Royal House of Serdang *2002 - 2011 Paduka Sri Sultan Tuanku Lukman Sinar Bashar Shah II ibni al-Marhum Sultan Sulaiman Sharif ul-'Alam Shah, Sultan and Head of the Royal House of Serdang. *2011 - present Paduka Sri Sultan Tuanku Achmad Thalaa Shariful Alam Shah ibni al-Marhum Sultan Tuanku Abunawar Shariful Alam, Sultan and Head of the Royal House of Serdang.

Family Tree

References

{{Family trees Precolonial states of Indonesia Former sultanates Serdang