''Septoria'' are ascomycete

pycnidia A pycnidium (plural pycnidia) is an asexual fruiting body produced by mitosporic fungi, for instance in the order Sphaeropsidales ( Deuteromycota, Coelomycetes) or order Pleosporales (Ascomycota, Dothideomycetes). It is often spherical or inverse ...

-producing

fungi A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from ...

that cause numerous

leaf spot A leaf spot is a limited, discoloured, diseased area of a leaf that is caused by fungal, bacterial or viral plant diseases, or by injuries from nematodes, insects, environmental factors, toxicity or herbicides. These discoloured spots or lesions ...

diseases on field crops,

forages Foraging is searching for wild food resources. It affects an animal's fitness because it plays an important role in an animal's ability to survive and reproduce. Foraging theory is a branch of behavioral ecology that studies the foraging behavi ...

and many

vegetable Vegetables are parts of plants that are consumed by humans or other animals as food. The original meaning is still commonly used and is applied to plants collectively to refer to all edible plant matter, including the flowers, fruits, stems, ...

s including

tomato The tomato is the edible berry of the plant ''Solanum lycopersicum'', commonly known as the tomato plant. The species originated in western South America, Mexico, and Central America. The Mexican Nahuatl word gave rise to the Spanish word ...

es which are known to contract ''

Septoria musiva ''Septoria musiva'', correct taxonomic name: ''Sphaerulina musiva'' (teleomorph: ''Mycosphaerella populorum''), is an ascomycete fungus responsible of a leaf spot and canker disease on poplar trees. It is native on the eastern cottonwood popla ...

'' from nearby cottonwood trees, and is responsible for yield losses. The

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...

is widespread, and estimated to contain 1072 species. Pycnidia produce needle-like pycnidiospores. '' Septoria apiicola'' is the cause of late blight of

celery Celery (''Apium graveolens'') is a marshland plant in the family Apiaceae that has been cultivated as a vegetable since antiquity. Celery has a long fibrous stalk tapering into leaves. Depending on location and cultivar, either its stalks, ...

. It is characterized by the production of conidia within

. The symptoms include

chlorotic In botany, chlorosis is a condition in which leaves produce insufficient chlorophyll. As chlorophyll is responsible for the green color of leaves, chlorotic leaves are pale, yellow, or yellow-white. The affected plant has little or no ability to ...

spots that turn brown and necrotic. ''Septoria apiicola'' can survive on seeds. Several species of passion flower are infected by several species of ''Septoria'', and a fungus, which has been going by the name ''

Septoria passiflorae ''Septoria'' are ascomycete pycnidia-producing fungi that cause numerous leaf spot diseases on field crops, forages and many vegetables including tomatoes which are known to contract ''Septoria musiva'' from nearby cottonwood trees, and is resp ...

'' but which is probably an undescribed species, has been used to control the invasive '' Passiflora tarminiana'' in Hawai'i.

Taxonomy

In 2013, two large volumes (about 80 pages a piece) on ''Septoria'' and septoria-like fungi were published in the open access journal ''Studies in Mycology''. In these papers by Quaedvlieg et al. and Verkley et al., the genus ''Septoria'' is clearly defined and identification techniques are discussed in detail. Besides going into detail about the genus ''Septoria s. str.'', many septoria-like genera are discussed and clearly illustrated. Species include:

References

Fungal plant pathogens and diseases Mycosphaerellaceae genera Taxa named by Pier Andrea Saccardo Taxa described in 1884 {{Capnodiales-stub