''Semisulcospira'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

freshwater snail Freshwater snails are gastropod mollusks which live in fresh water. There are many different families. They are found throughout the world in various habitats, ranging from ephemeral pools to the largest lakes, and from small seeps and springs ...

s with an operculum, an aquatic

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...

s in the family

Semisulcospiridae Semisulcospiridae, common name semisulcospirids, is a family of freshwater snails, aquatic gilled gastropod mollusks with an operculum, in the superfamily Cerithioidea. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Semisulcospiridae J. P. E. Morri ...

. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Semisulcospira O. Boettger, 1886. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=741120 on 2022-05-23 Species in the genus ''Semisulcospira'' are

viviparous Among animals, viviparity is development of the embryo inside the body of the parent. This is opposed to oviparity which is a reproductive mode in which females lay developing eggs that complete their development and hatch externally from the m ...

.Strong E. & Köhler F. (2009). "Morphological and molecular analysis of "''Melania''" ''jacqueti'' Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1906: from anonymous orphan to critical basal offshoot of the Semisulcospiridae (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea)". ''

Zoologica Scripta ''Zoologica Scripta'' is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal on systematic zoology, published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. It was established in 197 ...

'' 38(5): 483-502.

Species

Species within the genus ''Semisulcospira'' include: * '' Semisulcospira arenicola'' Watanabe & Nishino, 1995 * '' Semisulcospira calculus'' (Reeve, 1859) * '' Semisulcospira coreana'' (Martens, 1886) * '' Semisulcospira crassicosta'' Y.-Y. Liu, Y.-X. Wang & Y.-H. Duan, 1994 * '' Semisulcospira davisi'' Sawada & Nakano, 2021 * '' Semisulcospira decipiens'' (Westerlund, 1883) * '' Semisulcospira diminuta'' Gredler, 1887The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015-3. . Downloaded on 11 November 2015. * '' Semisulcospira dilatata'' Watanabe & Nishino, 1995 * † '' Semisulcospira fiscina'' (Yokoyama, 1932) * '' Semisulcospira fluvialis'' Watanabe & Nishino, 1995 * '' Semisulcospira forticosta'' (Martens, 1886) * '' Semisulcospira fuscata'' Watanabe & Nishino, 1995 * † '' Semisulcospira gamoensis'' Matsuoka & Miura, 2019 * '' Semisulcospira gottschei'' (Martens, 1886) * '' Semisulcospira gredleri'' (Boettger, 1886)Prozorova L. A. & Rasshepkina A. V. (2005). "On the reproductive anatomy of ''Semisulcospira'' (Cerithioidea: Pleuroceridae: Semisulcospirinae)". ''The Bulletin of the Russian Far East Malacological Society'' 9: 123–126
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* '' Semisulcospira habei'' Davis, 1969Davis G. M. (1969). "A taxonomic study of some species of ''Semisulcospira'' in Japan (Mesogastropoda: Pleuroceridae)". ''

Malacologia ''Malacologia'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal in the field of malacology, the study of mollusks. The journal publishes articles in the fields of molluscan systematics, ecology, population ecology, genetics, molecular genetics, evolu ...

'' 7
211
294. ** ''Semisulcospira habei yamaguchi'' Davis, 1969 * '' Semisulcospira hongkongensis'' Brot, 1874 * † '' Semisulcospira kokubuensis'' Matsuoka & Miura, 2018 * ''

Semisulcospira kurodai ''Semisulcospira kurodai'' is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Semisulcospiridae. Prior to 2009, this species was classified in the family Pleuroceridae. Distribution This specie ...

'' Kajiyama & Habe, 1961 * ''

Semisulcospira libertina ''Semisulcospira libertina'' is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Semisulcospiridae. Widespread in east Asia, it lives in China, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, and the Philippines. In some count ...

'' (Gould, 1859) * '' Semisulcospira marica'' Y.-Y. Liu, Y.-X. Wang & W.-Z. Zhang, 1994 * '' Semisulcospira morii'' Watanabe, 1984 * '' Semisulcospira multigranosa'' (Boettger, 1886) * † ''Semisulcospira nagiensis'' (Matsuoka & Taguchi, 2013) * † '' Semisulcospira nakamurai'' Matsuoka & Miura, 2018 * '' Semisulcospira nakasekoae'' Kuroda, 1929 * '' Semisulcospira ningpoensis'' (I. Lea, 1857) * '' Semisulcospira niponica'' (Smith, 1876) * † '' Semisulcospira nojirina'' Matsuoka & Miura, 2019 * '' Semisulcospira ourense'' Watanabe & Nishino, 1984 * '' Semisulcospira pacificans'' (Heude, 1888) * '' Semisulcospira pleuroceroides'' (Bavay & Dautzenberg, 1910) * † '' Semisulcospira praemultigranosa'' Matsuoka, 1985 * † '' Semisulcospira pseudomultigranosa'' Matsuoka & Miura, 2018 * † '' Semisulcospira pusilla'' Matsuoka & Miura, 2018 * '' Semisulcospira reiniana'' (Brot, 1876) * '' Semisulcospira reticulata'' Kajiyama & Habe, 1961 * † '' Semisulcospira reticulataformis'' Matsuoka & Miura, 2019 * '' Semisulcospira rugosa'' Watanabe & Nishino, 1995 * '' Semisulcospira shiraishiensis'' Watanabe & Nishino, 1995 * † '' Semisulcospira spinulifera'' Matsuoka & Miura, 2018 * † '' Semisulcospira tagaensis'' Matsuoka & Miura, 2019 * '' Semisulcospira takeshimensis'' Watanabe & Nishino, 1995 * '' Semisulcospira tegulata'' (Martens, 1894) * '' Semisulcospira trachea'' (Westerlund, 1883) "''Semisulcospira libertina''

species complex In biology, a species complex is a group of closely related organisms that are so similar in appearance and other features that the boundaries between them are often unclear. The taxa in the complex may be able to hybridize readily with each oth ...

" consist of four species: ''Semisulcospira libertina'', ''Semisulcospira reiniana'', ''Semisulcospira kurodai'' and ''Semisulcospira trachea''. ;Synonyms: * ''Semisulcospira dolichostoma'' Annandale, 1924: synonym of '' Koreoleptoxis dolichostoma'' (Annandale, 1924) (original combination) * ''Semisulcospira inflata'' Tchang, 1949: synonym of '' Hua textrix'' (Heude, 1889) (junior synonym) * ''Semisulcospira paludiformis'' Yen, 1939: synonym of '' Sulcospira paludiformis'' (Yen, 1939) (original combination) * ''Semisulcospira paucicincta'' (E. von Martens, 1894): synonym of ''Semisulcospira calculus'' (Reeve, 1859) (junior synonym) * † ''Semisulcospira recticancellata'' Kobayashi & Suzuki, 1939: synonym of † '' Pachychilus recticancellata'' (Kobayashi & Suzuki, 1939) * ''Semisulcospira trivolvis'' Yen, 1939: synonym of '' Sulcospira paludiformis'' (Yen, 1939) (possible synonym)

Ecology

''Semisulcospira'' snails predate also on eggs of

bluegill The bluegill (''Lepomis macrochirus''), sometimes referred to as "bream", "brim", "sunny", or "copper nose" as is common in Texas, is a species of North American freshwater fish, native to and commonly found in streams, rivers, lakes, ponds and ...

''Lepomis macrochirus''. Nakao H., Kawabata T., Fujita K., Nakai K. & Sawada H. (2006). "Predation on bluegill (''Lepomis macrochirus'') broods by native snails. '' Japanese Journal of Ichthyology'' 53(2): 167–173
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Uses

''Semisulcospira'' snails are used in some forms of cuisine. In

Korean cuisine Korean cuisine has evolved through centuries of social and political change. Originating from ancient agricultural and nomadic traditions in Korea and southern Manchuria, Korean cuisine reflects a complex interaction of the natural envi ...

, they are used to flavor a type of

congee Congee or conjee ( ) is a type of rice porridge or gruel eaten in Asian countries. It can be eaten plain, where it is typically served with side dishes, or it can be served with ingredients such as meat, fish, seasonings and flavourings, most o ...

('' juk''), called ''olgaengi juk''.

References

* Yen, T.-C. (1939). Die chinesischen Land- und Süßwasser-Gastropoden des Natur-Museums Senckenberg. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft. 444: 1-233, pl. 1-16. Frankfurt am Main. * Oniwa K. & Kimura M. (1986). "Genetic variability and relationships in six snail species of the genus ''Semisulcospira''". ''The Japanese journal of genetics'' 61(5): 503-514
CiNii
* Wenz, W. (1938-1944). Gastropoda. Teil 1: Allgemeiner Teil und Prosobranchia. xii + 1639 pp. In: Schindewolf, O.H. (Ed.) Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6. Bornträger, Berlin. Lief. 1, 1-240

External links

Search for ''Semisulcospira''
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CiNii CiNii () is a bibliographic database service for material in Japanese academic libraries, especially focusing on Japanese works and English works published in Japan. The database was founded in April 2005 and is maintained by the National Insti ...

Boettger, O. (1886). Zur Kenntniss der Melanien Chinas und Japans. Jahrbücher der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft. 13: 1-16

Matsuoka, K. (1985). Pliocene freshwater gastropods from the Iga Formation of the Kobiwako Group, Mie Prefecture, Central Japan. Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeontological Society of Japan, new series. 139: 180-195

Abbott, R. T. (1948). Handbook of Medically Important Mollusks of the Orient and the Western Pacific. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. 100 (3): 245-328

Du, L.-N. (Li-Na); Köhler, F.; Yu, G.-H. (Guo-Hua); Chen, X.-Y.(Xiao-Yong); Yang, J.-X. (Jun-Xing). (2019). Comparative morpho-anatomy and mitochondrial phylogeny of the Semisulcospiridae of Yunnan, southwestern China, with description of four new species (Gastropoda, Cerithioidea). Invertebrate systematics. 33: 825-848
Semisulcospiridae {{Semisulcospiridae-stub