''Sardinella'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...

fish Fish are Aquatic animal, aquatic, craniate, gill-bearing animals that lack Limb (anatomy), limbs with Digit (anatomy), digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and Chondrichthyes, cartilaginous and bony fish as we ...

in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Clupeidae Clupeidae is a family of ray-finned fishes, comprising, for instance, the herrings, shads, sardines, hilsa, and menhadens. The clupeoids include many of the most important food fishes in the world, and are also commonly caught for producti ...

found in the

Atlantic The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with an area of about . It covers approximately 20% of Earth's surface and about 29% of its water surface area. It is known to separate the " Old World" of Africa, Europe ...

Indian Indian or Indians may refer to: Peoples South Asia * Indian people, people of Indian nationality, or people who have an Indian ancestor ** Non-resident Indian, a citizen of India who has temporarily emigrated to another country * South Asia ...

and

Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the conti ...

. They are abundant in warmer waters of the

tropical The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referred to ...

and

subtropical The subtropical zones or subtropics are geographical and climate zones to the north and south of the tropics. Geographically part of the temperate zones of both hemispheres, they cover the middle latitudes from to approximately 35° north a ...

oceans. Adults are generally coastal, schooling,

marine Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean. Marine or marines may refer to: Ocean * Maritime (disambiguation) * Marine art * Marine biology * Marine debris * Marine habitats * Marine life * Marine pollution Military ...

fish but juveniles are often found in

lagoon A lagoon is a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water by a narrow landform, such as reefs, barrier islands, barrier peninsulas, or isthmuses. Lagoons are commonly divided into '' coastal lagoons'' (or ''barrier lagoons ...

s and

estuaries An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea. Estuaries form a transition zone between river environments and maritime environme ...

. These

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriat ...

are distinguished by their ranges and by specific body features, but they are often confused with one another. Fish of the genus have seven to 14 striped markings along the

scales Scale or scales may refer to: Mathematics * Scale (descriptive set theory), an object defined on a set of points * Scale (ratio), the ratio of a linear dimension of a model to the corresponding dimension of the original * Scale factor, a number w ...

of the top of the head. The paddle-shaped supramaxilla bones are characteristic; they separate ''Sardinella'' from other genera and their shapes help distinguish species. They have paired predorsal scales and enlarged fin rays.

Species

There are currently 24 recognized species in this genus: * '' Sardinella albella'' (

Valenciennes Valenciennes (, also , , ; nl, label=also Dutch, Valencijn; pcd, Valincyinnes or ; la, Valentianae) is a commune in the Nord department, Hauts-de-France, France. It lies on the Scheldt () river. Although the city and region experienced a ...

, 1847) (White sardinella) * '' Sardinella atricauda'' ( Günther, 1868) (Bleeker's blacktip sardinella) * '' Sardinella aurita''

, 1847 (Round sardinella) * '' Sardinella brachysoma'' Bleeker, 1852 (Deep-body sardinella) * '' Sardinella brasiliensis'' (

Steindachner Franz Steindachner (11 November 1834 in Vienna – 10 December 1919 in Vienna) was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He published over 200 papers on fishes and over 50 papers on reptiles and amphibians. Steindachner describ ...

, 1879) (Brazilian sardinella) * '' Sardinella electra'' Hata & Motomura, 2019 * '' Sardinella fijiense'' ( Fowler & B. A. Bean, 1923) (Fiji sardinella) * '' Sardinella fimbriata'' (

, 1847) (Fringe-scale sardinella) * '' Sardinella gibbosa'' ( Bleeker, 1849) (Gold-stripe sardinella) * '' Sardinella goni''

Stern The stern is the back or aft-most part of a ship or boat, technically defined as the area built up over the sternpost, extending upwards from the counter rail to the taffrail. The stern lies opposite the bow, the foremost part of a ship. Or ...

, Rinkevich &

Goren Goren ( he, גֹּרֶן, גורן, ''lit.'' Granary) is a moshav in northern Israel. Located in the Western Galilee near Ma'alot-Tarshiha, it falls under the jurisdiction of Ma'ale Yosef Regional Council. In it had a population of . History ...

, 2016 (Gon's sardinella) Stern, N., Rinkevich, B. & Goren, M. (2016): Integrative approach revises the frequently misidentified species of ''Sardinella'' (Clupeidae) of the Indo-West Pacific Ocean. ''Journal of Fish Biology, 89 (5): 2282–2305.'' * '' Sardinella hualiensis'' ( K. Y. Chu & C. F. Tsai, 1958) (Taiwan sardinella) * ''

Sardinella jussieu ''Sardinella jussieu'' (Mauritian sardinella or goldstripe sardinella) is a species of ray-finned fish Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fishes, is a class of bony fish. They comprise over 50% of living vertebra ...

'' ( Lacépède, 1803) (Mauritian sardinella) * '' Sardinella lemuru'' Bleeker, 1853 (Bali sardinella) * ''

Sardinella longiceps Indian oil sardine The Indian oil sardine (''Sardinella longiceps'') is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus ''Sardinella''. It is one of the two most important commercial fishes in India (with the mackerel Mackerel is a common name a ...

, 1847 (Indian sardinella) * '' Sardinella maderensis'' ( R. T. Lowe, 1838) (Madeiran sardinella) * '' Sardinella marquesensis''

Berry A berry is a small, pulpy, and often edible fruit. Typically, berries are juicy, rounded, brightly colored, sweet, sour or tart, and do not have a stone or pit, although many pips or seeds may be present. Common examples are strawberries, rasp ...

& Whitehead, 1968 (Marquesan sardinella) * '' Sardinella melanura'' ( G. Cuvier, 1829) (Black-tip sardinella) * '' Sardinella neglecta'' Wongratana, 1983 (East African sardinella) * '' Sardinella pacifica'' Hata & Motomura, 2019 Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. (2019). FishBase. Sardinella pacifica Hata & Motomura, 2019. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1332810 on 2019-03-12 * '' Sardinella richardsoni'' Wongratana, 1983 (Richardson's sardinella) * '' Sardinella rouxi'' ( Poll, 1953) (Yellow-tail sardinella) * '' Sardinella sindensis'' ( F. Day, 1878) (Sind sardinella) * '' Sardinella tawilis'' ( Herre, 1927) (Fresh-water sardinella) * '' Sardinella zunasi'' ( Bleeker, 1854) (Japanese sardinella)

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q1190368 Clupeidae Extant Eocene first appearances Marine fish genera Taxa named by Achille Valenciennes