Samul Nori
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Samul nori (사물놀이) is a genre of
percussion A percussion instrument is a musical instrument that is sounded by being struck or scraped by a beater including attached or enclosed beaters or rattles struck, scraped or rubbed by hand or struck against another similar instrument. Exc ...
music that originated in
Korea Korea ( ko, 한국, or , ) is a peninsular region in East Asia. Since 1945, it has been divided at or near the 38th parallel, with North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) comprising its northern half and South Korea (Republic o ...
. The word ''samul'' means "four objects", while ''nori'' means "play". Samul nori is performed with four
traditional Korean musical instruments Traditional Korean musical instruments comprise a wide range of string, wind, and percussion instruments. Many traditional Korean musical instruments (especially those used in Confucian ceremonies) derive from Chinese musical instruments. String K ...
. They are ''
Kkwaenggwari The ''kkwaenggwari'' () is a small flat gong used primarily in the folk music of Korea. It is made of brass and is played with a hard stick. It produces a distinctively high-pitched, metallic tone that breaks into a cymbal-like crashing timbr ...
'' (꽹과리), a small gong; '' Jing'' (징), a larger gong; ''
Janggu The ''janggu'' (, also transliterated as ''janggo'' or ''changgo'') or sometimes called ''seyogo'' (slim waist drum) is the most representative drum in traditional Korean music. It is available in most kinds, and consists of an hourglass-shaped ...
'' (장구), an hourglass-shaped
drum The drum is a member of the percussion group of musical instruments. In the Hornbostel-Sachs classification system, it is a membranophone. Drums consist of at least one membrane, called a drumhead or drum skin, that is stretched over a she ...
; and '' Buk'' (북), a barrel drum similar to the
bass drum The bass drum is a large drum that produces a note of low definite or indefinite pitch. The instrument is typically cylindrical, with the drum's diameter much greater than the drum's depth, with a struck head at both ends of the cylinder. Th ...
. Samul nori's roots are in ''
Pungmul nori ''Pungmul'' (; ) is a Korean folk music tradition that includes drumming, dancing, and singing. Most performances are outside, with dozens of players all in constant motion. ''Pungmul'' is rooted in the ''dure'' (collective labor) farming culture. ...
'' (풍물놀이), meaning "playing Korean traditional percussion instruments", which is a Korean folk genre comprising music,
acrobatics Acrobatics () is the performance of human feats of balance, agility, and motor coordination. Acrobatic skills are used in performing arts, sporting events, and martial arts. Extensive use of acrobatic skills are most often performed in acro ...
, folk dance, and rituals. Samul nori was traditionally performed in
rice Rice is the seed of the grass species ''Oryza sativa'' (Asian rice) or less commonly ''Oryza glaberrima ''Oryza glaberrima'', commonly known as African rice, is one of the two domesticated rice species. It was first domesticated and grown i ...
-farming villages in order to ensure and to celebrate good harvests. Until modern times, nine-tenths of Korea's people were employed in agricultural work, and this genre defined Korean music. ''Samul nori'' is the formalized, more modern version of ''Pungmul nori''. ''Samul nori'' started by adapting music from ''Utdari pungmul'' (the ''gut'', or shaman ceremony rhythm of the
Gyeonggi-do Gyeonggi-do (, ) is the most populous province in South Korea. Its name, ''Gyeonggi'', means "京 (the capital) and 畿 (the surrounding area)". Thus, ''Gyeonggi-do'' can be translated as "Seoul and the surrounding areas of Seoul". Seoul, the na ...
and
Chungcheong Chungcheong (''Chungcheong-do''; ) was one of the eight provinces of Korea during the Joseon Dynasty. Chungcheong was located in the southwest of Korea. The provincial capital was located at Gongju, which had been the capital of the kingdom o ...
provinces of
South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and sharing a Korean Demilitarized Zone, land border with North Korea. Its western border is formed ...
), as well as the genres of
Yeongnam Yeongnam (Hangul: 영남, ; literally "south of the passes") is a region that coincides with the former Gyeongsang Province in what is now South Korea. The region includes the modern-day provinces of North and South Gyeongsang and the self-go ...
folk music and
Honam Honam (; literally "south of the lake") is a region coinciding with the former Jeolla Province in what is now South Korea. Today, the term refers to Gwangju, South Jeolla and North Jeolla Provinces. The name "Jeonla-do" is used in the names of th ...
''udo gut'', combined with more contemporary improvisations, elaborations, and compositions.
/sup> The original music of these local rhymes is steeped in traditional
animism Animism (from Latin: ' meaning 'breath, Soul, spirit, life') is the belief that objects, places, and creatures all possess a distinct Spirituality, spiritual essence. Potentially, animism perceives all things—Animal, animals, Plant, plants, Ro ...
and
shamanism Shamanism is a religious practice that involves a practitioner (shaman) interacting with what they believe to be a Spirit world (Spiritualism), spirit world through Altered state of consciousness, altered states of consciousness, such as tranc ...
but also shows influences from Korean military music and
Korean Buddhism Korean Buddhism is distinguished from other forms of Buddhism by its attempt to resolve what its early practitioners saw as inconsistencies within the Mahayana Buddhist traditions that they received from foreign countries. To address this, the ...
. While full ''Pungmul nori'' often features the use of wind instruments, ''Samul nori'' only features the four aforementioned percussion instruments. After seeing a ''Samul nori'' performance, a poet once described each of the four instruments as a different element of weather: the ''janggu'' represents rain; the ''kkwaenggwari,'' thunder; the ''jing,'' the sounds of the wind; and the ''buk,'' clouds. The Korean philosophy of Chun-Ji-In ("Chun" meaning heaven, "Ji" meaning Earth, and "In" meaning people) is also reflected in these instruments: the ''buk'' and ''janggu'' (leather) represent the sounds of the earth, while the ''jing'' and ''kkwaenggwari'' (metal) represent sounds of the heavens and the people playing. For this reason, ''Samul nori'' without the sound of people is considered incomplete. Although it is generally performed indoors as a staged genre, ''Samul nori'' depicts the traditional Korean culture, an agricultural society rooted in the natural environment. ''Samul nori'' is characterized by strong, accented rhythms, vibrant body movements, and an energetic spirit. ''Samul nori'' has gained international popularity, with many ''Samul nori'' bands and camps performing worldwide. Since the 1980s in South Korea, there has been a marked increase in the amount of fusion music, which combines ''Samul nori'' and Western instruments. ''Samul nori'' was also extensively used in the Korean musical Nanta. The most famous ''Samul nori'' ensemble is the internationally famous South Korean ensemble styled SamulNori, which is credited for bringing the music from a rural folk genre to the contemporary stage. The group was established in February 1978 by ''janggu'' player and former
Namsadang The ''namsadang'' () is a Korean itinerant troupe which consists of male performers who present various performing arts such as acrobatics, singing, dancing and playing like a circus. It is said that ''namsadang'' was spontaneously formed before ...
star performer
Kim Duk Soo Kim or KIM may refer to: Names * Kim (given name) * Kim (surname) ** Kim (Korean surname) *** Kim family (disambiguation), several dynasties **** Kim family (North Korea), the rulers of North Korea since Kim Il-sung in 1948 ** Kim, Vietnamese ...


, along with Kim Young Bae (''kkwaenggwari''), Choi Tae Hyun (''jing''), and Lee Jong Dae (''buk''). Following Kim Young Bae's death in 1985, he was replaced by Choi Jong Sil, and Lee Kwang Soo replaced Lee Jong Dae on the ''buk'

The group has collaborated and recorded with a number of non-Korean ensembles, most notably in 1987 with the Red Sun jazz band, with one Samul Nori/Red Sun CD selling 70,000 copie

http://times.hankooki.com/lpage/culture/200610/kt2006101117513511690.htm] They have also performed in August 2000 at the Earth Celebration International Arts Festival on Sado, Niigata, Sado Island in
Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
with the Japanese
taiko are a broad range of Japanese percussion instruments. In Japanese, the term refers to any kind of drum, but outside Japan, it is used specifically to refer to any of the various Japanese drums called and to the form of ensemble drumming m ...
group
Kodo __NOTOC__ Kodo may refer to: Japan * ''Kōdō'' (香道), ceremonial appreciation of incense * Nippon Kodo (日本香堂), an incense company * Kodō (taiko group) (鼓童), a ''taiko'' drumming group * Kodo-kai (弘道会), a yakuza criminal orga ...
. [] Regarding his choice to move from the more traditional outdoor performances to indoor venues, Kim Duk Soo states that at the time he established SamulNori, during the last years of the administration of former South Korean
president President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
Park Chung Hee Park Chung-hee (, ; 14 November 1917 – 26 October 1979) was a South Korean politician and army general who served as the dictator of South Korea from 1961 until his assassination in 1979; ruling as an unelected military strongman from 1961 ...
, Korean traditional music was associated with the student movement, and anyone playing such instruments outdoors could be arrested. Thus, he developed the current version of the genre, which is generally presented indoors on concert hall stages. In 1993, SamulNori expanded to include twenty performers and changed its name to SamulNori Hanullim, Inc. ("Hanullim" meaning "big bang").
http://english.kbs.co.kr/society/people/1340388_11774.html]


Instrumental

Honamudonongak (호남우도농악,湖南右道農樂), Binari(비나리), Seoljanggo play(설장고놀이), Pangut(판굿), Gilgunakchilchea(길군악칠채), and so on.


References


External links


Samullori - Official Seoul City Tourism



Poongmul in the U.S.

Information about Pungmul and Pungmul in the U.S.

European samul nori website

German samul nori website

French samul nori website

SamulNori artist page
from Alliance Artist Management
Interview with Kim Duk Soo about SamulNori
{{Authority control Korean traditional music Korean styles of music