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Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj ( Jawi: ; 8 March 1926 – 21 November 2001) was the 11th
Yang di-Pertuan Agong The Yang di-Pertuan Agong (, Jawi: ), also known as the Supreme Head of the Federation, the Paramount Ruler or simply as the Agong, and unofficially as the King of Malaysia, is the constitutional monarch and head of state of Malaysia. The of ...
of
Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federal constitutional monarchy consists of thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two regions: Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo's East Malays ...
and eighth
Sultan of Selangor Sultan of Selangor (سلطان سلاڠور) is the title of the constitutional ruler of Selangor, Malaysia who is the head of state and head of the Islamic religion in Selangor. The current monarch, Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah ascended the ...
.


Early life

Born on at 3:30 pm. Tengku Abdul Aziz Shah on Monday 8 March 1926 at
Istana Bandar Temasha ''Istana'' is an Indonesian and Malay word meaning "palace". Notable Istanas *Istana Alam Shah, the official palace of the Sultan of Selangor *Istana Besar, 19th- and early 20th-century residence of the Sultan of Johor *Istana Bogor, one of the p ...
, Jugra, Kuala Langat, he is the eldest son of Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Alauddin Sulaiman Shah by his royal consort and wife, Tengku Ampuan
Raja Jemaah Tengku Ampuan Hajah Jemaah binti Almarhum Raja Ahmad ( Jawi: تڠكو امڤوان حاجه جماعه بنت المرحوم راج احمد; - ) was the second Raja Permaisuri Agong of Malaysia during the brief reign of her husband, Sultan Hi ...
binti Al-Marhum Raja Ahmad. He received his early education at the Pengkalan Batu Malay School in Klang in 1934. In 1936, he furthered his studies at the
Malay College Kuala Kangsar The Malay College Kuala Kangsar (abbreviated MCKK; ; ) is a premier residential school in Malaysia. It is an elite all-boys and all- Malay school in the royal town of Kuala Kangsar, Perak. It is sometimes dubbed "the Eton College of the East". ...
until 1941 when World War II began. After World War II, he went to England in 1947 and studied at the
School of Oriental and African Studies SOAS University of London (; the School of Oriental and African Studies) is a public research university in London, England, and a member institution of the federal University of London. Founded in 1916, SOAS is located in the Bloomsbury ...
,
University of London The University of London (UoL; abbreviated as Lond or more rarely Londin in post-nominals) is a federal public research university located in London, England, United Kingdom. The university was established by royal charter in 1836 as a degree ...
for two years. Upon his return from the United Kingdom, he served with the Civil Service Department as a Trainee Officer with the Selangor Survey Department. He later served as an Inspector of Schools for eight years. In 1952, he attended a short-term course at the Malay Military Troop in Port Dickson for six months and was commissioned with the Queen Commission in the rank of captain. Thereafter, he was promoted to the rank of major.


Sultan of Selangor

Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah was appointed as the Tengku Laksamana of Selangor on 1 August 1946 and as the Raja Muda (Crown Prince) of Selangor on 13 May 1950. On the demise of his father, Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah, Tengku Abdul Aziz Shah became the eighth Sultan of Selangor with the title ''Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah'' on 3 September 1960 and was installed as the 8th Sultan on 28 June 1961. On 26 April 1984, Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah was appointed as Commodore-in-Chief of the Royal Malaysian Navy by the Malaysian Armed Forces in place of the position of Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Malaysian Air Force which he held since 1966. Sultan Salahuddin was the Sultan who signed the
cession The act of cession is the assignment of property to another entity. In international law it commonly refers to land transferred by treaty. Ballentine's Law Dictionary defines cession as "a surrender; a giving up; a relinquishment of jurisdictio ...
of
Kuala Lumpur , anthem = '' Maju dan Sejahtera'' , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Malaysia#Southeast Asia#Asia , pushpin_map_caption = , coordinates = , su ...
from
Selangor Selangor (; ), also known by its Arabic honorific Darul Ehsan, or "Abode of Sincerity", is one of the 13 Malaysian states. It is on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia and is bordered by Perak to the north, Pahang to the east, Negeri Sembilan ...
to the Federal Government to form a
Federal Territory A federal territory is an administrative division under the direct and usually exclusive jurisdiction of a federation's national government. A federal territory is a part of a federation, but not a part of any federated state. The states const ...
on 1 February 1974. The Sultan cried after the signing as he was very fond and proud of the city, but he did it for the greater good of
Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federal constitutional monarchy consists of thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two regions: Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo's East Malays ...
. The
Kota Darul Ehsan Kota Darul Ehsan is a row of arches symbolizing the border on Malaysian Federal Highway between the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and Malaysian state of Selangor. Erected on Federal Route , it is the biggest arch in Malaysia. History As a ...
arch was erected along the
Federal Highway Federal Highways and Federal Routes can be found in: *Australia: Federal Highway *Brazil: Brazilian Federal Highway and Brazilian Highway System *Germany: ''Bundesstraßen'' *Malaysia: Federal Highway and Malaysian Federal Roads System *Mexi ...
at the border of Kuala Lumpur and Selangor to commemorate the event in 1981. Sultan Salahuddin was a founder of
Shah Alam Shah Alam () is a city and the state capital of Selangor, Malaysia and situated within the Petaling District and a small portion of the neighbouring Klang District. Shah Alam replaced Kuala Lumpur as the capital city of the state of Selangor in ...
, the new
Selangor Selangor (; ), also known by its Arabic honorific Darul Ehsan, or "Abode of Sincerity", is one of the 13 Malaysian states. It is on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia and is bordered by Perak to the north, Pahang to the east, Negeri Sembilan ...
state capital in 1978. He said that for Selangor to become a modern state, it would need a new state capital as Kuala Lumpur had become a Federal Territory. At that time Klang was the state capital after the cession of Kuala Lumpur when the Sultan founded Shah Alam. Many buildings and roads in Shah Alam are named after him. Salahuddin held the rank of Marshal of the Royal Malaysian Air Force, Field Marshal of the Malaysian Army and Admiral of the Fleet of the Royal Malaysian Navy as per constitutional provisions making him as the second royal military officer to become supreme commander-in-chief of the armed forces.


Yang di-Pertuan Agong

He was the second oldest ruler to be elected as the eleventh
Yang di-Pertuan Agong The Yang di-Pertuan Agong (, Jawi: ), also known as the Supreme Head of the Federation, the Paramount Ruler or simply as the Agong, and unofficially as the King of Malaysia, is the constitutional monarch and head of state of Malaysia. The of ...
on 26 April 1999 and installed on 11 September 1999. The cession of
Putrajaya Putrajaya (), officially the Federal Territory of Putrajaya ( ms, Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya), is a planned capital city which functions as the administrative capital and the judicial capital of Malaysia. The seat of the federal governmen ...
, which was formerly
Selangor Selangor (; ), also known by its Arabic honorific Darul Ehsan, or "Abode of Sincerity", is one of the 13 Malaysian states. It is on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia and is bordered by Perak to the north, Pahang to the east, Negeri Sembilan ...
territory, to the Federal Government in 2001 to become a Federal Territory occurred during his reign as
Yang di-Pertuan Agong The Yang di-Pertuan Agong (, Jawi: ), also known as the Supreme Head of the Federation, the Paramount Ruler or simply as the Agong, and unofficially as the King of Malaysia, is the constitutional monarch and head of state of Malaysia. The of ...
. The Persiaran Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah in Putrajaya was named after him. However, after reigning for two years and 6 months, he died in office on 21 November 2001 at the Gleneagles Intan Medical Centre in Kuala Lumpur. He underwent a heart operation to put a pacemaker two months prior to his death, which he did not fully recover from. He was buried in the Royal Mausoleum near
Sultan Sulaiman Mosque Sultan Sulaiman Royal Mosque ( ms, 1=Masjid Diraja Sultan Sulaiman) is Selangor's royal mosque, which is located in Klang, Selangor, Malaysia. It was constructed by the British in the early 1932 and was officially opened in 1933 by the late A ...
in Klang.


Personal life

Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah married at least four wives. His first wife and cousin, HRH ''Paduka Bonda Raja'' Raja Nur Saidatul Ihsan binti Al Marhum ''Raja Bendahara'' Tengku Badar Shah, whom he later divorced, bore: # Tengku Nor Halija # Tengku Idris Shah, later
Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah Al-Haj Ibni Almarhum Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Al-Haj ( Jawi: ; born 24 December 1945) is the ninth and current Sultan of the Malaysian state of Selangor. He ascended the throne on 22 November 2001, succeedi ...
# Tengku Puteri Sofiah (died 8 June 2017) # ''Tengku Laksamana'' Tengku Sulaiman Shah # Tengku Puteri Zahariah (Ku Yah) # Tengku Fatimah # ''Tengku Panglima Besar'' Tengku Abdul Samad # Tengku Puteri Arafiah # Tengku Puteri Aishah (died 30 July 2012) Che Maheram binti Muhammad Rais, his second wife, bore him: # ''Tengku Panglima Raja'' Tengku Ahmad Shah His royal consort,
Tengku Ampuan Rahimah Tengku Ampuan Hajah Rahimah binti Almarhum Sultan Abdul Aziz Langkat (4 August 1929 – 27 June 1993) was the ''Tengku Ampuan of Selangor'', Malaysia during the reign of her husband, Sultan Salahuddin of Selangor. Biography She was born on 4 ...
binti Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah of the Langkat royal family in
Sumatra Sumatra is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the sixth-largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 (182,812 mi.2), not including adjacent is ...
died in 1993 before his election as
Yang di-Pertuan Agong The Yang di-Pertuan Agong (, Jawi: ), also known as the Supreme Head of the Federation, the Paramount Ruler or simply as the Agong, and unofficially as the King of Malaysia, is the constitutional monarch and head of state of Malaysia. The of ...
. She was the mother of: # Tengku Puteri Nor Marina # Tengku Puteri Nor Zehan His last wife, commoner Tuanku Siti Aishah binti Abdul Rahman, served as his
Raja Permaisuri Agong ''Raja Permaisuri Agong'' ( Jawi: راج ڤرمايسوري اݢوڠ; full title: ''Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Seri Paduka Baginda Raja Permaisuri Agong''; سري ڤدوک بݢيندا راج ڤرمايسوري اݢوڠ, literally ''The Que ...
. Being fifty years younger than him, she was also the youngest ever occupant of that office – only 29 at her succession to the throne.


Hobbies and interests

Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah was a keen sportsman. His interest in golf is well-known within and outside the country. The Sultan also loved sailing, collecting antique cars, rearing animals and planting orchids. He also likes visiting foreign countries to widen his knowledge and experience.


Legacy

Several projects and institutions were named after the Sultan, including:


Educational institutions

* SMK Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah, a secondary school in Shah Alam, Selangor * SMK Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah, a secondary school in Kajang, Selangor * SAMT Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah, a secondary school in Sabak, Selangor * Politeknik Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah in Shah Alam, Selangor


Buildings

*
Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Building Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Building is Selangor's state secretariat building. It is located at Bukit SUK, Section 5, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federal constitutional monarchy cons ...
, Selangor's state secretariat building in Shah Alam, Selangor * Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Mosque, Selangor's state mosque in Shah Alam, Selangor * Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Court Building, a court building in Shah Alam, Selangor * Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Jamek Mosque, a mosque in Petaling Jaya, Selangor *
Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport ( ms, Lapangan Terbang Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah), (formerly Subang International Airport/Kuala Lumpur International Airport), often called Subang Airport or Subang Skypark, is an airport located in Subang, Petali ...
, an airport in Subang, Selangor * KD Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah, a TLDM naval base in Pulau Indah, Klang, Selangor *
Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Power Station {{Infobox power station , name = Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Power Station , image = Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Power Station.jpg , image_caption = Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Power Station , name_official ...
, a power station in Kapar, Selangor * Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Arts and Cultural Centre at
Universiti Putra Malaysia University of Putra Malaysia ( Malay: ''Universiti Putra Malaysia''), abbreviated as UPM, is a Malaysian public research university located in Serdang, Selangor. Formerly it was named Universiti Pertanian Malaysia (Agricultural University of ...
(UPM) in Serdang, Selangor


Roads and bridges

* Persiaran Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah, a main thoroughfare in Putrajaya * Jalan Sultan Salahuddin and Persiaran Sultan Salahuddin, a major road in Kuala Lumpur * Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, a major road in Kuala Lumpur * Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Bridge, a bridge in Kuala Selangor


Others

* Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Golf and Country Club (KGSAAS), a major golf club in Shah Alam, Selangor * Sultan Abdul Aziz Royal Gallery, a royal gallery located in Klang, Selangor


Honours

Salahuddin's full style and title was: '' Duli Yang Maha Mulia Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Alhaj ibni Almarhum Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Alhaj, Sultan dan Yang di-Pertuan Selangor Darul Ehsan Serta Segala Daerah Takluknya''.


Honours of Selangor

* Grand Master of the
Royal Family Order of Selangor The Most Esteemed Royal Family Order of Selangor ( Malay: ''Darjah Kerabat Selangor Yang Amat Dihormati'') is an order awarded by Sultan of Selangor to members of the Selangor and other Royal families, and to high officers of state. It is the hi ...
(since 6 June 1961) * Grand Master of the
Order of the Crown of Selangor The Most Illustrious Order of the Crown of Selangor (Bahasa Melayu: ''Darjah Kebesaran Mahkota Selangor Yang Amat Mulia'') is an order awarded by Sultan of Selangor as a reward for general services to the sultan and state of Selangor. It was fou ...
(since 6 June 1961) * Grand Master of the Order of Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah (since 30 September 1985) * Meritorious Service Medal


Honours of Malaysia

* (as
Yang di-Pertuan Agong The Yang di-Pertuan Agong (, Jawi: ), also known as the Supreme Head of the Federation, the Paramount Ruler or simply as the Agong, and unofficially as the King of Malaysia, is the constitutional monarch and head of state of Malaysia. The of ...
from 26 April 1999 to 21 November 2001) : ** Grand Master and recipient of the Order of the Royal House of Malaysia (26 April 1999 – 21 November 2001) ** Grand Master and recipient of the
Order of the Crown of the Realm The Most Exalted Order of the Crown of the Realm ( ms, Darjah Utama Seri Mahkota Negara) is a Malaysian federal award. It is ranked lower than the Order of the Royal Family of Malaysia. It should not be confused with the Order of Loyalty to the ...
(28 August 1961) (26 April 1999 – 21 November 2001) ** Grand Master of the
Order of the Defender of the Realm The Most Esteemed Order of the Defender of the Realm ( ms, Darjah Yang Mulia Pangkuan Negara) is a Malaysian federal award presented for meritorious service to the country. The Order Motto are 'Dipeliharakan Allah-Pangkuan Negara' (By the Grace ...
(26 April 1999 – 21 November 2001) ** Grand Master of the
Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia The Most Esteemed Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia ( ms, Darjah Yang Mulia Setia Mahkota Malaysia) is a Malaysian federal award presented for meritorious service to the country and awarded by the sovereign. The order was instituted o ...
(26 April 1999 – 21 November 2001) ** Grand Master of the
Order of Merit of Malaysia The Order of Merit ( ms, Darjah Bakti) is a Malaysian federal award Federal or foederal (archaic) may refer to: Politics General *Federal monarchy, a federation of monarchies *Federation, or ''Federal state'' (federal system), a type of governme ...
(26 April 1999 – 21 November 2001) ** Grand Master of the Order for Important Services (Malaysia) (26 April 1999 – 21 November 2001) ** Grand Master of the Order of the Royal Household of Malaysia (26 April 1999 – 21 November 2001) * : ** Member 1st class of the
Family Order of the Crown of Indra of Pahang The Most Esteemed Family Order of the Crown of Indra of Pahang ( Malay: ''Darjah Kerabat Sri Indera Mahkota Pahang Yang Amat Dihormati'') is an honorific order of the Sultanate of Pahang. History Instituted on 25 May 1967, the order is awarde ...
(DK I) (14 July 1987) * : ** First Class of the Royal Family Order of Johor (DK I) (1975) * : ** Member of the
Royal Family Order of Kedah The Most Illustrious Royal Family Order of Kedah (Bahasa Melayu: ''Darjah Kerabat Yang Amat Mulia Kedah'') is an honorific order of the Kedah Sultanate, Sultanate of Kedah. History It was founded by Sultan Abdul Halim of Kedah on 21 February 19 ...
(DK) * : ** Recipient of the Royal Family Order or ''Star of Yunus'' (DK) (10 July 1966) * : ** Member of the Royal Family Order of Negeri Sembilan (DKNS) * : ** Recipient of the Royal Family Order of Perak (DK) – currently : (19 April 1986) * : ** Recipient of the Perlis Family Order of the Gallant Prince Syed Putra Jamalullail (DK) * : ** Member first class of the
Family Order of Terengganu The Most Distinguished Family Order of Terengganu ( Bahasa Melayu: ''Darjah Kebesaran Kerabat Terengganu Yang Amat Mulia'') is an honorific order of the Sultanate of Terengganu. History It was founded by Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin of Terengganu ...
(DK I) (21 June 1964) * : ** Grand Commander of the Order of Kinabalu (SPDK) – Datuk Seri Panglima * : ** Knight Grand Commander of the
Order of the Star of Hornbill Sarawak The Darjah Yang Amat Mulia Bintang Kenyalang Sarawak (Order of the Star of Hornbill Sarawak) is the second highest order group (in the group of orders) of the orders, decorations, and medals of Sarawak. The order was instituted in 1970, and was r ...
(DP) – Datuk Patinggi (29 April 1976) * : ** Grand Commander of the Premier and Exalted Order of Malacca (DUNM) – Datuk Seri Utama (1 August 1987)


Foreign honours

* :
Royal Family Order of the Crown of Brunei The Royal Family Order of the Crown of Brunei ( ms, Darjah Kerabat Mahkota Brunei) is an Order (decoration), order of Brunei. It was established on 15 August 1982 by Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. The order carries the post-nominal letters "DKMB". Rec ...
(DKMB) (28 June 1961) * : Al Khalifah Medal Decoration (28 October 2000) * : Grand Collar of the
Order of Boyaca Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood * Heterarchy, a system of organization wherein the elements have the potential to be ranked a number of d ...
* : Knight of the Order of the Rajamitrabhorn (2001)


References

* Alagappa, Muthiah, ''Coercion and Governance: The Declining Political Role of the Military in Asia'',
Stanford University Press Stanford University Press (SUP) is the publishing house of Stanford University. It is one of the oldest academic presses in the United States and the first university press to be established on the West Coast. It was among the presses officially ...
, 2001, * ''Information Malaysia'', Berita Publications Sdn. Bhd., 1998 * Martin, Frederick, Keltie, John Scott, Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson, Epstein, Mortimer, Paxton, John, Steinberg, Sigfrid Henry, ''The Statesman's Year-book: Statistical and Historical Annual of the States of the World for the Year ; 1978–1979'', St. Martin's Press, 1978


External links


Photo Album: Dalam Kenangan
Utusan Malaysia ''Utusan Malaysia'' ( Jawi: اوتوسن مليسيا; English: ''The Malaysian Tribune'' or simply ''Utusan'') is a Malaysian Malay-language daily newspaper. Formerly owned by the Utusan Group, the newspaper is currently owned by Media Mulia. ...

Photo Album: Agong sihat di Singapura
15 October 2001,
Utusan Malaysia ''Utusan Malaysia'' ( Jawi: اوتوسن مليسيا; English: ''The Malaysian Tribune'' or simply ''Utusan'') is a Malaysian Malay-language daily newspaper. Formerly owned by the Utusan Group, the newspaper is currently owned by Media Mulia. ...
{{DEFAULTSORT:Salahuddin Monarchs of Malaysia Salahuddin of Selangor 2001 deaths Sultans of Selangor Royal House of Selangor People from Selangor Malaysian people of Bugis descent Marshals of the Royal Malaysian Air Force Malaysian Muslims Malaysian people of Malay descent Alumni of SOAS University of London Recipients of the Darjah Kerabat Diraja Malaysia Federated Malay States people People of British Malaya 20th-century Malaysian politicians 21st-century Malaysian politicians Recipients of the Order of the Crown of the Realm First Classes of the Family Order of the Crown of Indra of Pahang