Syzygium samarangense

''Syzygium samarangense'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Myrtaceae, native to an area that includes the Greater Sunda Islands, Malay Peninsula, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, but introduced in prehistoric times to a wider area and now widely cultivated in the tropics. Common names in English include wax apple, Java apple, Semarang rose-apple, and wax jambu.

Description

''Syzygium samarangense'' is a tropical tree growing to  tall, with evergreen leaves long and broad. The leaves are elliptical, but rounded at the base; they are aromatic when crushed. The trunk is relatively short, with a wide yet open crown starting low on the tree. The bark is pinkish-gray in color, and flakes readily.

The flowers are white to yellowish-white, diameter, with four petals and numerous stamens. They form in panicles of between tree and 30 near branch tips. The resulting fruit is a bell-shaped, edible berry, with colors ranging from white, pale green, or green to red, purple, or crimson, to deep purple or even black. The fruit grows long in wild plants, and has four fleshy calyx lobes at the tip. The skin is thin, and the flesh is white and spongy. Each berry holds one or two rounded seeds not larger than . The flowers and resulting fruit are not limited to the axils of the leaves, and can appear on nearly any point on the surface of the trunk and branches. When mature, the tree is considered a heavy bearer, yielding up to 700 fruits in a crop.

When ripe, the fruit puff outwards, with a slight concavity in the middle of the underside of the "bell". Healthy wax apples have a light sheen to them. Despite its name, a ripe wax apple only resembles an apple on the outside in color. It does not taste like an apple, and it has neither the fragrance nor the density of an apple. Its flavor is similar to a snow pear, and the liquid-to-flesh ratio of the wax apple is comparable to a watermelon. Unlike either apple or watermelon, the wax apple's flesh has a very loose weave. The very middle holds a seed situated in a sort of cotton candy-like mesh. This mesh is edible, but flavorless. The color of its juice depends on the cultivar; it may be purple to entirely colorless.

Food value

Several cultivars with larger fruit have been selected. In general, the paler or darker the color, the sweeter it is. In Southeast Asia, the black ones are nicknamed "Black Pearl" or "Black Diamond", while the very pale greenish-white ones, called "Pearl", are among the highest-priced ones in fruit markets. The fruit is often served uncut, but with the core removed, to preserve the unique bell-shaped presentation. In the cuisine of Indian Ocean islands, the fruit is frequently used in salads, as well as in lightly sautéed dishes. It is mainly eaten as a fruit and also used to make pickles
''chambakka achar'')
In the Philippines, its local name is ''macopa'' or ''makopa'' (its ancient name before colonialism, is ''dambo''). Because of their similarity in appearance, it is often confused with ''tambis'' (''Syzygium aqueum''), although the latter is more commonly cultivated.

Gallery

File:2014-04-26 Syzygium samarangense 04 anagoria.JPG, Cross-section of the fruit
File:2014-04-26_Syzygium_samarangense_01_anagoria.JPG, Fruit packed for sale
File:Bell_Fruit_-_%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA_04.JPG, Fruit in the tree
File:Taiwan_fruits.jpg, Fruit for sale
File:Jambakai01.jpg, Fruit in Puducherry
File:Jambakai02.jpg, Tree in Puducherry
File:Wax apple (Syzygium samarangense).jpg, Red variety of fruit
File:Wax apple (Syzygium samarangense) with leaves.jpg, Fruit with leaves
File:Wax apple (Syzygium samarangense) Tree lower trunk.jpg, Lower trunk
File:Lainwu (Wax apple) diamond P00063.JPG, "Black Pearl" wax apple

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q11643111

samarangense
Flora of tropical Asia
Flora of Vanuatu
Tropical fruit
Plants described in 1827