The 2024 United States state legislative elections will be held on November 5, 2024, for 85 state legislative chambers in 44 states. Across the
fifty states
The United States of America is a federal republic consisting of 50 states, a federal district (Washington, D.C., the capital city of the United States), five major territories, and various minor islands. Both the states and the United S ...
, approximately 65 percent of all
upper house seats and 85 percent of all
lower house
A lower house is one of two Debate chamber, chambers of a Bicameralism, bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the upper house. Despite its official position "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has co ...
seats will be up for election. Nine legislative chambers in the five permanently inhabited
U.S. territories and the
federal district of
Washington, D.C., will also hold elections. The elections take place concurrently with several other
federal, state, and local elections, including the
presidential election,
U.S. Senate elections
Elections in the United States are held for government officials at the federal, state, and local levels. At the federal level, the nation's head of state, the president, is elected indirectly by the people of each state, through an Ele ...
,
U.S. House elections, and
gubernatorial elections.
Summary table
Regularly scheduled elections will be held in 85 of the 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. Nationwide, regularly scheduled elections were held for 5,809 of the 7,383 legislative seats. Many legislative chambers held elections for all seats, but some legislative chambers that use staggered elections held elections for only a portion of the total seats in the chamber. The chambers not up for election either hold regularly-scheduled elections in odd-numbered years, or have four-year terms and hold all regularly scheduled elections in
presidential midterm election years.
Note that this table only covers regularly scheduled elections; additional special elections took place concurrently with these regularly scheduled elections.
Election predictions
Several sites and individuals publish predictions of competitive chambers. These predictions look at factors such as the strength of the party, the strength of the candidates, and the partisan leanings of the state (reflected in part by the state's
Cook Partisan Voting Index rating). The predictions assign ratings to each chambers, with the rating indicating the predicted advantage that a party has in winning that election.
Most election predictors use:
* "
Tossup": No advantage
* "
Tilt": Advantage that is not quite as strong as "lean"
* "
Lean": Slight advantage
* "
Likely": Significant, but surmountable, advantage
* "
Safe" or "
Solid": Near-certain chance of victory
State summaries
Alaska
Half of the seats of the
Alaska Senate
The Alaska State Senate is the upper house in the Alaska Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alaska. It convenes in the Alaska State Capitol in Juneau, Alaska and is responsible for making laws and confirming or rejecting gub ...
and all of the seats of the
Alaska House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. The Alaska Senate and the Alaska House of Representatives are controlled by coalitions of Democrats, Republicans, and independents. The Alaska House of Representatives and the Alaska Senate are currently the only two state legislative chambers controlled by a cross-partisan coalition.
Arizona
All of the seats of the
Arizona Senate
The Arizona State Senate is part of the Arizona Legislature, the state legislature of the US state of Arizona. The Senate consists of 30 members each representing an average of 219,859 constituents (2009 figures). Members serve two-year terms w ...
and the
Arizona House of Representatives
The Arizona State House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arizona Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Arizona. The upper house is the Senate. The House convenes in the legislative chambers at the Arizona State C ...
are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
Arkansas
Half of the seats of the
Arkansas Senate and all of the seats of the
Arkansas House of Representatives
The Arkansas State House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arkansas General Assembly, the state legislature of the US state of Arkansas. The House is composed of 100 members elected from an equal amount of constituencies across the ...
are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
California
Half of the seats of the
California State Senate
The California State Senate is the upper house of the California State Legislature, the lower house being the California State Assembly. The State Senate convenes, along with the State Assembly, at the California State Capitol in Sacramento, Cal ...
and all of the seats of the
California State Assembly
The California State Assembly is the lower house of the California State Legislature, the upper house being the California State Senate. The Assembly convenes, along with the State Senate, at the California State Capitol in Sacramento.
The A ...
are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
Colorado
Half of the seats of the
Colorado Senate
The Colorado Senate is the upper house of the Colorado General Assembly, the state legislature of the US state of Colorado. It is composed of 35 members elected from single-member districts, with each district having a population of about 123, ...
and all of the seats of the
Colorado House of Representatives
The Colorado House of Representatives is the lower house of the Colorado General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Colorado. The House is composed of 65 members from an equal number of constituent districts, with each distr ...
are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
Connecticut
All of the seats of the
Connecticut State Senate and the
Connecticut House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
Delaware
Half of the seats of the
Delaware State Senate and all of the
Delaware House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
Florida
Half of the seats of the
Florida Senate and all of the seats of the
Florida House of Representatives
The Florida House of Representatives is the lower house of the Florida Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Florida, the Florida Senate being the upper house. Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of Florida, adopted ...
are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
Georgia
All of the seats of the
Georgia State Senate and the
Georgia House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
Hawaii
Half of the seats of the
Hawaii Senate and all of the seats of the
Hawaii House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
Idaho
All of the seats of the
Idaho Senate and the
Idaho House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
Illinois
One third of the seats of the
Illinois Senate
The Illinois Senate is the Upper house, upper chamber of the Illinois General Assembly, the legislative branch of the government of the U.S. state, State of Illinois in the United States. The body was created by the first state constitution adop ...
and all of the seats of the
Illinois House of Representatives
The Illinois House of Representatives is the lower house of the Illinois General Assembly. The body was created by the first Illinois Constitution adopted in 1818. The House under the current constitution as amended in 1980 consists of 118 re ...
are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
Indiana
Half of the seats of the
Indiana Senate and all of the seats of the
Indiana House of Representatives
The Indiana House of Representatives is the lower house of the Indiana General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Indiana. The House is composed of 100 members representing an equal number of constituent districts. House memb ...
are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
Iowa
Half of the seats of the
Iowa Senate and all of the seats of the
Iowa House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
Kansas
All of the seats of the
Kansas Senate and the
Kansas House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
Kentucky
Half of the seats of the
Kentucky Senate
The Kentucky Senate is the upper house of the Kentucky General Assembly. The Kentucky Senate is composed of 38 members elected from single-member districts throughout the Commonwealth. There are no term limits for Kentucky Senators. The Kentu ...
and all of the seats of the
Kentucky House of Representatives
The Kentucky House of Representatives is the lower house of the Kentucky General Assembly. It is composed of 100 Representatives elected from single-member districts throughout the Commonwealth. Not more than two counties can be joined to form ...
are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
Maine
All of the seats of the
Maine Senate and the
Maine House of Representatives
The Maine House of Representatives is the lower house of the Maine Legislature. The House consists of 151 voting members and three nonvoting members. The voting members represent an equal number of districts across the state and are elected via p ...
are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
Massachusetts
All of the seats of the
Massachusetts Senate and the
Massachusetts House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
Michigan
All of the seats of the
Michigan House of Representatives
The Michigan House of Representatives is the lower house of the Michigan Legislature. There are 110 members, each of whom is elected from constituencies having approximately 77,000 to 91,000 residents, based on population figures from the 2010 ...
are up for election in 2024. The
Michigan Senate
The Michigan Senate is the upper house of the Michigan Legislature. Along with the Michigan House of Representatives, it composes the state legislature, which has powers, roles and duties defined by Article IV of the Michigan Constitution, ado ...
will not hold regularly scheduled elections in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
Minnesota
All of the seats of the
Minnesota House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. The
Minnesota Senate will not hold regularly scheduled elections in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
Missouri
Half of the seats of the
Missouri Senate and all of the seats of the
Missouri House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
Montana
Half of the seats of the
Montana Senate
The Montana Senate is the upper house of the Montana Legislature, the state legislative branch of the U.S. state of Montana. The body is composed of 50 senators elected for four years.
Composition of the Senate
:''67th Legislature – 2021–202 ...
and all of the seats of the
Montana House of Representatives
The Montana House of Representatives is, with the Montana Senate, one of the two houses of the Montana Legislature. Composed of 100 members, the House elects its leadership every two years.
Composition of the House
:''67th Legislature – 2021†...
are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers. These will be the first election under new legislative lines drawn by an independent, bipartisan commission since Montana does not adopt new legislative lines until 4 years after the census.
Nebraska
Nebraska is the only U.S. state with a
unicameral legislature; half of the seats of the
Nebraska Legislature are up for election in 2024. Nebraska is also unique in that its legislature is officially non-partisan and holds non-partisan elections, although the Democratic and Republican parties each endorse legislative candidates.
Nevada
Half of the seats of the
Nevada Senate and all of the seats of the
Nevada Assembly are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
New Hampshire
All of the seats of the
New Hampshire Senate and the
New Hampshire House of Representatives
The New Hampshire House of Representatives is the lower house in the New Hampshire General Court, the bicameral legislature of the state of New Hampshire. The House of Representatives consists of 400 members coming from 204 legislative district ...
are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
New Mexico
All of the seats of the
New Mexico Senate and the
New Mexico House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
New York
All of the seats of the
New York State Senate
The New York State Senate is the upper house of the New York State Legislature; the New York State Assembly is its lower house. Its members are elected to two-year terms; there are no term limits. There are 63 seats in the Senate.
Partisan com ...
and the
New York State Assembly
The New York State Assembly is the lower house of the New York State Legislature, with the New York State Senate being the upper house. There are 150 seats in the Assembly. Assembly members serve two-year terms without term limits.
The Assem ...
are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
North Carolina
All of the seats of the
North Carolina Senate and the
North Carolina House of Representatives
The North Carolina House of Representatives is one of the two houses of the North Carolina General Assembly. The House is a 120-member body led by a Speaker of the House, who holds powers similar to those of the President pro-tem in the North Ca ...
are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
North Dakota
Half of the seats of the
North Dakota Senate and the
North Dakota House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
Ohio
Half of the seats of the
Ohio Senate
The Ohio Senate is the upper house of the Ohio General Assembly. The State Senate, which meets in the Ohio Statehouse in Columbus, first convened in 1803. Senators are elected for four year terms, staggered every two years such that half of the se ...
and all of the seats of the
Ohio House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
Oklahoma
Half of the seats of the
Oklahoma Senate
The Oklahoma Senate is the upper house of the two houses of the Legislature of Oklahoma, the other being the Oklahoma House of Representatives. The total number of senators is set at 48 by the Oklahoma Constitution.[Oklahoma House of Representatives
The Oklahoma House of Representatives is the lower house of the legislature of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. Its members introduce and vote on bills and resolutions, provide legislative oversight for state agencies, and help to craft the state's b ...]
are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
Oregon
Half of the seats of the
Oregon State Senate
The Oregon State Senate is the upper house of the statewide legislature for the US state of Oregon. Along with the lower chamber Oregon House of Representatives it makes up the Oregon Legislative Assembly. There are 30 members of the state Sena ...
and all of the seats of the
Oregon House of Representatives
The Oregon House of Representatives is the lower house of the Oregon Legislative Assembly. There are 60 members of the House, representing 60 districts across the state, each with a population of 65,000. The House meets in the west wing of the ...
are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
Pennsylvania
Half of the seats of the
Pennsylvania State Senate
The Pennsylvania State Senate is the upper house of the Pennsylvania General Assembly, the Pennsylvania state legislature. The State Senate meets in the State Capitol building in Harrisburg. Senators are elected for four year terms, staggered ev ...
and all of the seats of the
Pennsylvania House of Representatives
The Pennsylvania House of Representatives is the lower house of the bicameral Pennsylvania General Assembly, the legislature of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. There are 203 members, elected for two-year terms from single member districts.
It ...
are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control the upper house, whereas Democrats hold a majority in the lower house.
Rhode Island
All of the seats of the
Rhode Island Senate and the
Rhode Island House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
South Carolina
All of the seats of the
South Carolina Senate
The South Carolina Senate is the upper house of the South Carolina General Assembly, the lower house being the South Carolina House of Representatives. It consists of 46 senators elected from single member districts for four-year terms at the sa ...
and the
South Carolina House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
South Dakota
All of the seats of the
South Dakota Senate and the
South Dakota House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
Tennessee
Half of the seats of the
Tennessee Senate and all of the seats of the
Tennessee House of Representatives
The Tennessee House of Representatives is the lower house of the Tennessee General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Tennessee.
Constitutional requirements
According to the state constitution of 1870, this body is to consis ...
are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
Texas
Half of the seats of the
Texas Senate and all of the seats of the
Texas House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
Utah
Half of the seats of the
Utah State Senate and all of the seats of the
Utah House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
Vermont
All of the seats of the
Vermont Senate and the
Vermont House of Representatives
The Vermont House of Representatives is the lower house of the Vermont General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Vermont. The House comprises 150 members, with each member representing around 4,100 citizens. Representatives ar ...
are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
Washington
Half of the seats of the
Washington State Senate and all of the seats of the
Washington House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
West Virginia
Half of the seats of the
West Virginia Senate and all of the seats of the
West Virginia House of Delegates are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
Wisconsin
Half of the seats of the
Wisconsin Senate and all of the seats of the
Wisconsin State Assembly are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
Wyoming
Half of the seats of the
Wyoming Senate and all of the seats of the
Wyoming House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
Territorial and federal district summaries
American Samoa
All of the seats of the
American Samoa Senate and the
American Samoa House of Representatives were up for election. Members of the Senate serve four-year terms, while members of the House of Representatives serve two-year terms. Gubernatorial and legislative elections are conducted on a nonpartisan basis in American Samoa.
Guam
All of the seats of the unicameral
Legislature of Guam
The Legislature of Guam ( ch, Liheslaturan Guåhan) is the law-making body for the United States territory of Guam. The unicameral legislative branch consists of fifteen senators, each serving for a two-year term. All members of the legislature a ...
were up for election. All members of the legislature serve a two-year term.
Northern Mariana Islands
A portion of the seats of the
Northern Mariana Islands Senate, and all of the seats of the
Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives, were up for election. Members of the Senate serve either four-year terms, while members of the House serve two-year terms.
Puerto Rico
All of the seats of the
Senate of Puerto Rico and the
House of Representatives of Puerto Rico
The House of Representatives of Puerto Rico ( es, Cámara de Representantes de Puerto Rico) is the lower house of the Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico, the bicameral state legislature (United States), territorial legislature of Puerto Rico. ...
are up for election in 2024. Members of the
Senate
A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...
and the
House of Representatives both serve four-year terms.
U.S. Virgin Islands
All of the seats of the unicameral
Legislature of the Virgin Islands were up for election in 2020. All members of the legislature serve a two-year term.
Washington, D.C.
The
Council of the District of Columbia
The Council of the District of Columbia is the legislative branch of the local government of the District of Columbia, the capital of the United States. As permitted in the United States Constitution, the district is not part of any U.S. state ...
serves as the legislative branch of the
federal district of
Washington, D.C. Half of the council seats are up for election in 2024. Council members serve four-year terms.
Special elections
There are currently forty-four state legislative special elections scheduled for 2024.
Alabama
Connecticut
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Illinois
Kentucky
Maine
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
New Hampshire
New York
North Dakota
Oklahoma
Pennsylvania
South Carolina
Texas
Utah
Virginia
Wisconsin
See also
*
2024 United States presidential election
The 2024 United States presidential election will be the 60th quadrennial presidential election, scheduled for Tuesday, November 5, 2024. It will be the first presidential election after electoral votes were redistributed during the 2020 ce ...
*
2024 United States Senate elections
The 2024 United States Senate elections are scheduled to be held on November 5, 2024, as part of the 2024 United States elections. 33 of the 100 seats in the U.S. Senate will be contested in regular elections, the winners of which will serve six- ...
*
2024 United States House of Representatives elections
The 2024 United States House of Representatives elections will be held on November 5, 2024, as part of the 2024 United States elections, to elect representatives from all 435 congressional districts across each of the 50 U.S. states, as well as ...
*
2024 United States gubernatorial elections
United States gubernatorial elections are scheduled to be held on November 5, 2024, in 11 states and two territories. The previous gubernatorial elections for this group of states took place in 2020, except in New Hampshire and Vermont where gove ...
Notes
References
{{United States legislatures
State legislative elections
State legislature elections in the United States by year