Syl Cheney-Coker (born 28 June 1945)R. Victoria Arana
"Cheney-Coker, Syl"
in ''Encyclopedia of World Poetry'', Infobase Learning, 2015. is a poet, novelist, and journalist from Freetown, Sierra Leone. Educated in the United States, he has a global sense of literary history, and has introduced styles and techniques from French and Latin American literatures to Sierra Leone. He has spent much of his life in exile from his native country, and has written extensively (in poetry, fiction, and non-fiction) about the condition of

exile Exile is primarily penal expulsion from one's native country, and secondarily expatriation or prolonged absence from one's homeland under either the compulsion of circumstance or the rigors of some high purpose. Usually persons and peoples suf ...

and the view of Africa from an African abroad.

Early life and education

Cheney-Coker was born a Creole in Freetown, Sierra Leone, with the name Syl Cheney Coker, and changed his name to its current spelling in 1970. He went to the United States in 1966, where he attended the University of California, Los Angeles, the University of Oregon, and the University of Wisconsin–Madison. After his schooling he returned briefly to Sierra Leone, but accepted a position at the University of the Philippines in 1975; he later married a Filipino woman. He moved to Nigeria in 1977 to teach at the University of Maiduguri, and returned to the United States in 1988 to be Writer-in-Residence at the University of Iowa.

Poetry

Cheney-Coker's poetry is tinged with the anxiety of his perennially uncertain status, dealing both with

(he has spent the majority of his adult life outside of his country) and with the precariousness of living as an intellectual in Sierra Leone. At the same time, he is concerned always with how he will be read; his poems are radical and ardent, but also erudite and allusive, which can distract a reader from Cheney-Coker's ideological project. He has been called one of the more western-influenced African poets. In his "On Being a Poet in Sierra Leone" (from his ''The Graveyard Also Has Teeth'', 1980) he writes: :at the university the professors talk about the poetry
of Syl Cheney-Coker condemning students
to read me in the English honours class
my country I do not want that!
do not want to be cloistered in books alone

''The Last Harmattan of Alusine Dunbar''

After three collections of poetry, all well received in the west, Cheney-Coker wrote a novel, ''The Last Harmattan of Alusine Dunbar,'' which was published in 1990. The novel, extremely ambitious in scale and scope, describes the entire history of a fictional country, Malagueta, with roots in the

Atlantic slave trade The Atlantic slave trade, transatlantic slave trade, or Euro-American slave trade involved the transportation by slave traders of enslaved African people, mainly to the Americas. The slave trade regularly used the triangular trade route and i ...

(similar to Sierra Leone or

Liberia Liberia (), officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the West African coast. It is bordered by Sierra Leone to Liberia–Sierra Leone border, its northwest, Guinea to its north, Ivory Coast to its east, and the Atlantic Ocean ...

, both populated partly by former slaves). The novel is intended as a break with the tradition of the African novel and its dominant writers,

Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o (; born James Ngugi; 5 January 1938) is a Literature of Kenya, Kenyan author and academic who writes primarily in Gikuyu language, Gikuyu and who formerly wrote in English language, English. He has been described as having bee ...

and Chinua Achebe. To achieve this independence, it draws both on the peculiar histories of the post-slavery nations of northwest Africa and on literatures from outside of the continent. Cheney-Coker's interest in Gabriel García Márquez, in particular, has led some critics to consider the novel to belong to the genre of magical realism—the title character demonstrates mysterious powers similar to those of some of García Márquez's characters—though others have questioned that assumption. ''The Last Harmattan of Alusine Dunbar'' won the Commonwealth Writers' Prize (Africa Region) in 1991.

Journalism and exile

In the early 1990s, Cheney-Coker returned to Freetown to become editor of a progressive newspaper, the ''Vanguard.'' After the military coup of 1997, Cheney-Coker was targeted as a dissident, and barely escaped with his life. In part through the efforts of Wole Soyinka, an exiled Nigerian poet teaching at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Cheney-Coker was invited to be the first writer in the

City of Asylum City of Asylum (more formally City of Asylum/Pittsburgh) is a nonprofit organization based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, that houses writers exiled from their countries for their controversial writing. It provides them with free housing, health ...

program in Las Vegas, Nevada. He decided to return to a somewhat more stable Sierra Leone in 2003, saying, "After a while, exile is neither justifiable nor tolerable."

Documentary

In 2016, Cheney-Coker, along with his lifelong friend, the Nigerian poet

Niyi Osundare Niyi Osundare is a leading African poet, dramatist, linguist, and literary critic. Born on March 12, 1947, in Ikere-Ekiti, Nigeria, his poetry is influenced by the oral poetry of his Yoruba culture, which he capaciously hybridizes with other poetic ...

, was the subject of a documentary called The Poets, by director Chivas DeVinck.The Poets Documentary
at Icarus Films. The film follows Cheney-Coker and Osundare on a road-trip through Sierra Leone and Nigeria as they discuss their friendship and how their life experiences have shaped their art.

Books

*''The Road to Jamaica.'' 1969. *''Concerto for an Exile: Poems.'' London: Heinemann, 1973. *''The Graveyard Also Has Teeth.'' London: Heinemann, 1980. *''The Blood in the Desert's Eyes: Poems.'' London: Heinemann, 1990. *''The Last Harmattan of Alusine Dunbar.'' London: Heinemann, 1990.

References

External links

Entry in the ''Encyclopedia of World Literature in the Twentieth Century''
*https://web.archive.org/web/20070713204220/http://social.chass.ncsu.edu/jouvert/v4i2/porter.htm {{DEFAULTSORT:Cheney-Coker, Syl 1945 births Living people Sierra Leone Creole people Sierra Leonean academics Sierra Leonean novelists Sierra Leonean male poets Sierra Leonean expatriates in the United States University of California, Los Angeles alumni University of Oregon alumni University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni University of the Philippines faculty University of Iowa faculty People from Freetown International Writing Program alumni 20th-century Sierra Leonean poets 20th-century male writers 20th-century Sierra Leonean writers University of Maiduguri faculty