''Sygnały'' Magazyn (''Signals'' Magazine) was a Polish cultural and social magazine published 1933–1939 in Lwów (Lemberg, today

Lviv Lviv ( uk, Львів) is the largest city in western Ukraine, and the seventh-largest in Ukraine, with a population of . It serves as the administrative centre of Lviv Oblast and Lviv Raion, and is one of the main cultural centres of Ukrain ...

, Ukraine). It was a leading periodical of the leftist Polish intelligentsia. The journal started as a 12-page monthly and was subsequently published once every two weeks, with editions of up to 32 pages. Sygnały was published in the tabloid format, similar to the ''New York Times'' at about 56x40 cm (22x16 inches).

Editors

Its editor-in-chief was

Karol Kuryluk Karol Kuryluk (27 October 1910 – 9 December 1967) was a Polish journalist, editor, activist, politician and diplomat. In 2002, he was honored by Yad Vashem for saving Jews in the Holocaust. Biography Kuryluk was born on 27 October 1910 in Z ...

, and the editorial committee included Tadeusz Banaś, Stanisława Blumenfeld, Halina Górska,

Tadeusz Hollender Tadeusz Hollender (30 May 1910 – 31 May 1943) was a Polish poet, translator and humorist. During World War II, he wrote satirical articles and poems in underground press, for that he was arrested by the German Gestapo and executed in May in the ...

, Anna Kowalska, Andrzej Kurczkowski and Marian Prominski.

Polish contributors

Among the literary contributors from Poland figured

Erwin Axer Erwin Axer (1 January 1917 – 5 August 2012) was a Polish theatre director, writer and university professor. A long-time head of Teatr Współczesny (Contemporary Theatre) in Warsaw, he also staged numerous plays abroad, notably in German-speakin ...

, Maria Dąbrowska,

Jan Kasprowicz Jan Kasprowicz (12 December 1860 – 1 August 1926) was a poet, playwright, critic and translator; a foremost representative of Young Poland. Biography Kasprowicz was born in the village of Szymborze (now part of Inowrocław) within the Provin ...

Stanisław Jerzy Lec Stanisław Jerzy Lec (; 6 March 1909 – 7 May 1966), born Baron Stanisław Jerzy de Tusch-Letz, was a Polish aphorist and poet. Often mentioned among the greatest writers of post-war Poland, he was one of the most influential aphorists of the ...

Bruno Schulz Bruno Schulz (12 July 1892 – 19 November 1942) was a Polish writer, fine artist, literary critic and art teacher. He is regarded as one of the great Polish-language prose stylists of the 20th century. In 1938, he was awarded the Polish Academ ...

Leopold Staff Leopold Henryk Staff (November 14, 1878 – May 31, 1957) was a Polish poet; an artist of European modernism twice granted the Degree of Doctor honoris causa by universities in Warsaw and in Kraków. He was also nominated for the Nobel Prize i ...

Julian Tuwim Julian Tuwim (13 September 1894 – 27 December 1953), known also under the pseudonym "Oldlen" as a lyricist, was a Polish poet, born in Łódź, then part of the Russian Partition. He was educated in Łódź and in Warsaw where he studied la ...

Debora Vogel Debora Vogel (1902–1942) was a Polish Jews, Polish-Jewish philosopher and poet. During World War I her family fled to Vienna and moved later to Lviv (formerly known as Lemberg), where Vogel spent most of her life. She studied Philosophy and Psyc ...

and Józef Wittlin.

International contributors

International literary contributors included

Henri Barbusse Henri Barbusse (; 17 May 1873 – 30 August 1935) was a French novelist and a member of the French Communist Party. He was a lifelong friend of Albert Einstein. Life The son of a French father and an English mother, Barbusse was born in Asnièr ...

André Malraux Georges André Malraux ( , ; 3 November 1901 – 23 November 1976) was a French novelist, art theorist, and Minister of Culture (France), minister of cultural affairs. Malraux's novel ''La Condition Humaine'' (Man's Fate) (1933) won the Prix Go ...

Carl von Ossietzky Carl von Ossietzky (; 3 October 1889 – 4 May 1938) was a German journalist and pacifist. He was the recipient of the 1935 Nobel Peace Prize for his work in exposing the clandestine German re-armament. As editor-in-chief of the magazine ''Die ...

Bertrand Russell Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, (18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970) was a British mathematician, philosopher, logician, and public intellectual. He had a considerable influence on mathematics, logic, set theory, linguistics, ...

Upton Sinclair Upton Beall Sinclair Jr. (September 20, 1878 – November 25, 1968) was an American writer, muckraker, political activist and the 1934 Democratic Party nominee for governor of California who wrote nearly 100 books and other works in sever ...

and

Paul Valéry Ambroise Paul Toussaint Jules Valéry (; 30 October 1871 – 20 July 1945) was a French poet, essayist, and philosopher. In addition to his poetry and fiction (drama and dialogues), his interests included aphorisms on art, history, letters, mus ...

Artists

The magazine featured reproductions of art work by

Alexander Archipenko Alexander Porfyrovych Archipenko (also referred to as Olexandr, Oleksandr, or Aleksandr; uk, Олександр Порфирович Архипенко, Romanized: Olexandr Porfyrovych Arkhypenko; February 25, 1964) was a Ukrainian and American ...

Jan Cybis Jan Cybis (16 February 1897 - 13 December 1972) was a prominent Polish painter and art teacher. Biography Cybis was born in Fröbel (now Wróblin, Opole Voivodeship, Poland) and studied at the Jan Matejko Academy of Fine Arts in Kraków, set ...

Xawery Dunikowski Xawery Dunikowski (; 24 December 1875 – 26 January 1964) was a Polish sculptor and artist, notable for surviving Auschwitz concentration camp, and best known for his Neo-Romantic sculptures and Auschwitz-inspired art. Biography Dunikowski w ...

Max Ernst Max Ernst (2 April 1891 – 1 April 1976) was a German (naturalised American in 1948 and French in 1958) painter, sculptor, printmaker, graphic artist, and poet. A prolific artist, Ernst was a primary pioneer of the Dada movement and Surrealis ...

, Henryk Gotlib, Bronisław Linke, Maria Jarema,

, Henryk Streng and Zygmunt Waliszewski; avant-garde photographs and photomontages by Otto Hahn
Jerzy Janisch
Margit Sielska and Mieczysław Szczuka; and caricatures by K. Baraniecki, F. Kleinmann,

Eryk Lipiński Eryk Lipiński (; 12 July 1908, Kraków - 27 September 1991) was a Polish artist. Satirist, caricaturist, essayist, he has designed posters, written plays and sketches for cabarets, as well as written books on related subjects. Biography Eryk ...

and Franciszek Parecki.

History

Special issues were dedicated to Jewish, Ukrainian and Belarusian culture. In 1938 an armed ONR (National Radical Camp) gang raided the editorial office and Karol Kuryluk barely escaped alive. In spite of financial hardship and heavy censorship, he published ''Signals'' through August 1939. In September 1939, after the Soviet annexation of Lwów, Kuryluk deposited his ''Signals'' archive at the Ossolineum Library (now Stefanyk Library) where it has survived until now.

Picture gallery

Image:ApollinaireSignals.jpg, Drawing of Guillaume Apollinaire in Signals Magazine (1933–1939). Image:AMalrauxSignals.jpg, Photograph of André Malraux in Signals Magazine (1933–1939). Image:CarlvonOssietzkySignals.jpg, Photograph of the Nobel Peace Prize Laureate Carl von Ossietzky in Signals Magazine, 1936. Image:BertrandRussellPieknoMatematykiSignals.jpg, Bertrand Russell, ''The Beauty of Mathematics,'' in Signals Magazine (1933–1939). Image:Mikhail RudnickijPoemToVerlaineOwiSignals.jpg, Poem ''“To Verlaine”'' by Ukrainian poet Mikhail Rudnickij, in the special Ukrainian issue of Signals Magazine, IV-V, 1934. Image:ChildrenPalesineSignals.jpg, Photograph of Jewish children in Palestine, in Signals Magazine (1933–1939). Image:YouthPalestineSignals.jpg, Photograph of youth from Germany in Palestine, in Signals Magazine (1933–1939). Image:MJaremaSignals.jpg, Maria Jarema, ''Composition'' (plaster), in Signals Magazine (1933–1939). Image:OttoHahnFotomontage1933.jpg, Otto Hahn, Photomontage (1933), illustrating the article “Genealogy of Photomontage” by Debora Vogel in Signals Magazine, XII, 1934. Image:MSzczukadied1927Signals1937.jpg, Mieczysław Szczuka, Photomontage, published on the 10th anniversary of his death in Signals Magazine, 1937. Image:Sygnaly1956withWBroniewski.jpg, Władysław Broniewski and Karol Kuryluk, Signals Magazine II, 1956.

Sources

* Encyklopedia Gazety Wyborczej, 2005 * Ewa Pankiewicz, ''Karol Kuryluk. Biografia polityczna 1910–1967,'' doctoral dissertation, Warsaw University. * ''Prasa Polska w latach 1939–1945,'' Warsaw, 1980. * ''Książka dla Karola'' (a collections of memoirs and essays on Karol Kuryluk, and his letters), ed. K. Koźniewski, Warsaw, 1984. * Halina Górska, ''Chłopcy z ulic miasta,'' with an introduction by Karol Kuryluk, Warsaw, 1956. * ''Letters and Drawings of Bruno Schulz,'' edited by J. Ficowski, New York, 1988. * Ewa Kuryluk, ''Ludzie z powietrza—Air People,'' Cracow, 2002 * Ewa Kuryluk,
Goldi
'' Warsaw, 2004 * Ewa Kuryluk, ''Cockroaches and Crocodiles,'' The Moment Magazine, July/August 2008 * Ewa Kuryluk, ''Frascati,'' Cracow, 200
www.kuryluk.art.pl
* Source materials about Karol Kuryluk in Polish, published in Zeszytyhistoryczne, in Acrobat PDF format: http://www.marekhlasko.republika.pl/03_artykuly/Kuryluk.pdf {{DEFAULTSORT:Sygnaly 1933 establishments in the Soviet Union 1939 disestablishments in the Soviet Union Biweekly magazines Cultural magazines Magazines published in the Soviet Union Defunct literary magazines published in Europe Eastern Bloc mass media Magazines established in 1933 Magazines disestablished in 1939 Mass media in Lviv Monthly magazines published in Russia Polish-language magazines