''Swartzia'' is a genus of

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

s in the family Fabaceae. It was named in honor of

Swedish Swedish or ' may refer to: Anything from or related to Sweden, a country in Northern Europe. Or, specifically: * Swedish language, a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Sweden and Finland ** Swedish alphabet, the official alphabet used by ...

botanist

Olof Swartz Olof Peter Swartz (21 September 1760 – 19 September 1818) was a Swedish botanist and taxonomist. He is best known for his taxonomic work and studies into pteridophytes. Biography Olof Swartz attended the University of Uppsala where he s ...

and contains about 200 species. ''Swartzia'' is restricted in its geographical distribution to the New World Tropics, where it occurs primarily in lowland rainforests, but also in savannas, pre-montane forests, and tropical dry forests. While it can be found throughout the wet lowlands from Mexico and the Caribbean islands to southern Brazil and Bolivia, ''Swartzia'' is most abundant and species-rich in Amazonia, where 10–20 species may co-occur at a single site. The species of ''Swartzia'' are mostly trees, ranging from small understory treelets to large canopy emergents. Some species, especially in savannas, are mult-stemmed shrubs.

Fossil record

Many ''Swartzia'' fossils from the middle

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are known from the

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. 5

fossil A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved ...

dehiscent seed pods and 50 fossil leaflets have been described from the Warman and Lawrence clay pits in Weakley and the

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Counties,

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. In addition 6 leaflets have been described from the New Lawrence and Miller clay pits in Henry County,

List of species

More than 200 species have been described: * '' Swartzia acreana'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia acutifolia'' Vogel * '' Swartzia amazonica'' Moore * '' Swartzia amplifolia'' Harms * '' Swartzia amshoffiana'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia angustifolia'' Schery * '' Swartzia anomala'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia apetala'' Raddi ** var. ''apetala'' Raddi ** var. ''glabra'' (Vogel) R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia apiculata'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia aptera'' DC. * '' Swartzia arborescens'' (Aubl.) Pittier * '' Swartzia argentea'' Spruce ex Benth. * '' Swartzia auriculata'' Poepp. * '' Swartzia bahiensis'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia bannia'' Sandwith * '' Swartzia benthamiana'' Miq. * '' Swartzia bombycina'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia brachyrachis'' Harms * '' Swartzia buntingii'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia cabrerae'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia calva'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia canescens'' Torke * '' Swartzia cardiosperma'' Spruce ex Benth. * '' Swartzia caribaea'' Griseb. * '' Swartzia caudata'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia colombiana'' (R. S. Cowan) Torke * '' Swartzia conferta'' Spruce ex Benth. * '' Swartzia corrugata'' Benth. * '' Swartzia costata'' (Rusby) R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia cowanii'' Steyerm. * '' Swartzia cubensis'' (Britton & P. Wilson) Standl.—''katalox'' * '' Swartzia cupavenensis'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia curranii'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia cuspidata'' Spruce ex Benth. * '' Swartzia davisii'' Sandwith * '' Swartzia dipetala'' Willd. ex Vogel * '' Swartzia discocarpa'' Ducke * '' Swartzia dolichopoda'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia duckei'' Huber * '' Swartzia emarginata'' (Ducke) Torke * '' Swartzia eriocarpa'' Benth. * '' Swartzia fanshawei'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia fimbriata'' Ducke * '' Swartzia flaemingii'' Raddi * '' Swartzia floribunda'' Benth. * '' Swartzia foliolosa'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia fraterna'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia froesii'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia gigantea'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia glabrata'' (R. S. Cowan) Torke * '' Swartzia glazioviana'' (Taub.) Glaz. * '' Swartzia grandifolia'' Bong. ex Benth. * '' Swartzia grazielana'' Rizzini * '' Swartzia guatemalensis'' (Donn. Sm.) Pittier * '' Swartzia guianensis'' (Aubl.) Urb. * '' Swartzia haughtii'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia hostmannii'' Benth. * '' Swartzia ingaefolia'' Ducke * '' Swartzia iniridensis'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia jenmanii'' Sandwith * '' Swartzia jimenezii'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia jororii'' Harms * '' Swartzia kaieteurensis'' (R. S. Cowan) Torke * '' Swartzia katawa'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia klugii'' (R. S. Cowan) Torke * '' Swartzia krukovii'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia laevicarpa'' Amshoff * '' Swartzia lamellata'' Ducke * '' Swartzia langsdorffii'' Raddi * '' Swartzia latifolia'' Benth. * '' Swartzia laurifolia'' Benth. * '' Swartzia laxiflora'' Benth. * '' Swartzia leblondii'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia leiocalycina'' Benth. * '' Swartzia leiogyne'' (Sandwith) Cowan * '' Swartzia leptopetala'' Benth. * '' Swartzia littlei'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia longicarpa'' Amshoff * '' Swartzia longipedicellata'' Sandwith * '' Swartzia longistipitata'' Ducke * '' Swartzia lucida'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia macrocarpa'' Benth. * '' Swartzia macrophylla'' Vogel * '' Swartzia macrosema'' Harms * '' Swartzia macrostachya'' Benth. * '' Swartzia magdalenae'' Britton & Killip * '' Swartzia maguirei'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia manausensis'' Torke * '' Swartzia mangabalensis'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia martii'' Benth. * '' Swartzia mayana'' Lundell * '' Swartzia micrantha'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia microcarpa'' Benth. * '' Swartzia monachiana'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia mucronifera'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia multijuga'' Vogel * '' Swartzia myrtifolia'' Sm. ** var. ''elegans'' (Schott) R. S. Cowan ** var. ''myrtifolia'' Sm. * '' Swartzia nuda'' Schery * '' Swartzia oblanceolata'' Sandwith * '' Swartzia oblata'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia oblonga'' Benth. * '' Swartzia obscura'' Huber * '' Swartzia oraria'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia oriximinaensis'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia pachyphylla'' Harms * '' Swartzia panacoco'' (Aubl.) R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia parvifolia'' Schery * '' Swartzia pendula'' Benth. * '' Swartzia pernitida'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia peruviana'' (R. S. Cowan) Torke * '' Swartzia phaneroptera'' Standl. * '' Swartzia piarensis'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia pickelii'' Ducke * '' Swartzia picta'' Benth. * '' Swartzia pilulifera'' Benth. * '' Swartzia pinheiroana'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia pinnata'' (Vahl) Willd. * '' Swartzia pittieri'' Schery * '' Swartzia polita'' (R. S. Cowan) Torke * '' Swartzia polyphylla'' DC. * '' Swartzia prolata'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia racemosa'' Benth. * '' Swartzia ramiflora'' Torke * '' Swartzia recurva'' Poepp. * '' Swartzia rediviva'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia remiger'' Amshoff * '' Swartzia reticulata'' Ducke * '' Swartzia riedelii'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia robiniifolia'' Vogel * '' Swartzia roraimae'' Sandwith * '' Swartzia rosea'' Martius ex Bentham * '' Swartzia santanderensis'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia schomburgkii'' Benth. ** var. ''rigida'' R. S. Cowan ** var. ''schomburgkii'' Benth. * '' Swartzia schultesii'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia schunkei'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia sericea'' Vogel * '' Swartzia simplex'' (Sw.) Spreng. ** var. ''grandiflora'' (Raddi) Cowan ** var. ''ochnaceae'' (DC.) R. S. Cowan ** var. ''simplex'' (Sw.) Spreng. * '' Swartzia sprucei'' Benth. * '' Swartzia steyermarkii'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia sumorum'' A.R. Molina * '' Swartzia tessmannii'' Harms * '' Swartzia tillettii'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia tomentifera'' (Ducke) Ducke * '' Swartzia trianae'' Benth. * '' Swartzia trinitensis'' Urb. * '' Swartzia ulei'' Harms * '' Swartzia vaupesiana'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia velutina'' Benth. * '' Swartzia wurdackii'' R. S. Cowan * '' Swartzia xanthopetala'' Sandwith Recent

phylogenetic analyses In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek φυλή/ φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups o ...

have revealed several well-supported clades within ''Swartzia'' that roughly correspond to previously-erected sections and series in the genus.

'' Nomina dubia''

The following species may or may not be valid: * ''Swartzia alato-sericea'' Barneby * ''Swartzia alternifoliolata'' Mansano * ''Swartzia arenarium'' Ducke * ''Swartzia aymardii'' Barneby * ''Swartzia barnebyana'' Cuello * ''Swartzia burchellii'' Mansano, G.P.Lewis & A.M.G.Azevedo * ''Swartzia callistemon'' Spruce ex Benth. * ''Swartzia capixabensis'' Mansano * ''Swartzia capparioides'' Klotzsch * ''Swartzia costaricensis'' (Britton) N. Zamora * ''Swartzia coriaceifolia'' Torke * ''Swartzia euxylophora'' Rizzini & A.Mattos * ''Swartzia fasciata'' Rizzini & A. Mattos * ''Swartzia flabellipetala'' Pittier * ''Swartzia gracilis'' Pipoly & A. Rudas Lleras * ''Swartzia guttata'' (D. Don) Standl. * ''Swartzia hondurensis'' (Britton) Dugand * ''Swartzia humboldtiana'' Cuello * ''Swartzia invenusta'' Barneby * ''Swartzia juruana'' Torke * ''Swartzia linharensis'' Mansano * ''Swartzia maquenqueana'' N. Zamora & D. Solano * ''Swartzia mazaganensis'' Ledoux * ''Swartzia mexicana'' M. Sousa & R. Grether * ''Swartzia microcalyx'' Ducke * ''Swartzia micropetala'' Schott * ''Swartzia mutisii'' Britton & Killip * ''Swartzia oedipus'' Barneby * ''Swartzia nitens'' (Kunth) Vogel ex Steud. * ''Swartzia oscarpintoana'' Pipoly & Rudas * ''Swartzia palustris'' Barneby * ''Swartzia parvipetala'' (R.S. Cowan) Mansano * ''Swartzia picramnioides'' Standl. & L.O. Williams ex Torke & N. Zamora * ''Swartzia pulcherrima'' Allem. ex Benth. * ''Swartzia shnilis'' Benoist * ''Swartzia stipularis'' Spruce ex Benth. * ''Swartzia submarginata'' (Benth.) Mansano * ''Swartzia subspicata'' Klotzsch * ''Swartzia surinamensis'' Klotzsch * ''Swartzia tomentosa'' DC. * ''Swartzia triptera'' Barneby * ''Swartzia zeledonensis'' Torke & N. Zamora

References

External links

The ''Swartzia'' Pages
{{Taxonbar, from=Q136972 Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Fabaceae genera