The Sula Islands Regency ( id, Kabupaten Kepulauan Sula) is one of the
regencies in
North Maluku
North Maluku ( id, Maluku Utara) is a province of Indonesia. It covers the northern part of the Maluku Islands, bordering the Pacific Ocean to the north, the Halmahera Sea to the east, the Molucca Sea to the west, and the Seram Sea to the south. ...
province of
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
. It covers a land area of 3,338.67 km
2 and consists of two of the three large islands comprising the Sula Archipelago, together with minor adjacent islands. These two islands are
Sulabesi (formerly Sanama) and
Mangoli (formerly Mangole). The third island, Taliabu, was split off from the Sula Islands Regency in 2013 to form a
separate regency.
Pre-Indonesian Independence saw the Sula Islands also known as the Xulla Islands, with Taliabo as Xulla Taliabo, Sanana as Xulla Bessi, and Mangoli as Xulla Mangola.
Administration
Sula Islands Regency comprises twelve
districts
A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...
(''kecamatan''), tabulated below with their areas and populations at the 2010 Census and the 2020 Census. The table also includes the locations of the district administrative centres, and the number of villages (rural ''desa'' and urban ''kelurahan'') in each district.
History
The Dutch built a fort on Sanana in 1652.
Wallace
Wallace may refer to:
People
* Clan Wallace in Scotland
* Wallace (given name)
* Wallace (surname)
* Wallace (footballer, born 1986), full name Wallace Fernando Pereira, Brazilian football left-back
* Wallace (footballer, born 1987), full name ...
visited the islands during an ornithological expedition in 1862.
Economy
According to government data, Sula Islands Regency's food crops include vegetables, groundnuts,
cassava
''Manihot esculenta'', common name, commonly called cassava (), manioc, or yuca (among numerous regional names), is a woody shrub of the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, native to South America. Although a perennial plant, cassava is extensively ...
,
sweet potato
The sweet potato or sweetpotato (''Ipomoea batatas'') is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the Convolvulus, bindweed or morning glory family (biology), family, Convolvulaceae. Its large, starchy, sweet-tasting tuberous roots are used as a r ...
es,
durian
The durian (, ) is the edible fruit of several tree species belonging to the genus ''Durio''. There are 30 recognised ''Durio'' species, at least nine of which produce edible fruit. ''Durio zibethinus'', native to Borneo and Sumatra, is the onl ...
,
mangosteen
Mangosteen (''Garcinia mangostana''), also known as the purple mangosteen, is a tropical evergreen tree with edible fruit native to tropical lands surrounding the Indian Ocean. Its origin is uncertain due to widespread prehistoric cultivation. ...
and
mango
A mango is an edible stone fruit produced by the tropical tree ''Mangifera indica''. It is believed to have originated in the region between northwestern Myanmar, Bangladesh, and northeastern India. ''M. indica'' has been cultivated in South a ...
. the area of agriculturally active land was 24743.56 hectares with production amounting to 33,608.62 tons per year. Taliabu-Sanana District is the main producer of cloves, nutmeg, cocoa, copra and other coconut products. Fishery production is very diverse with and estimated sustainable potential of 40,273.91 tonnes per year of which only 22.8 percent is currently exploited. Forestry is considered a potential industry with the natural forest-based Classification Map TGHK RTRWP suggesting a forest area of 471,951.53 hectares, but much of this is protected or hard to access, due to steep slopes and transportation logistics, and the islands' main plywood company, PT Barito Pacific Timber Group (in Falabisahaya, West Mangoli) has closed. Industrial activity is very limited. There is a gold mine in East Mangoli District (at Waitina and Kawata) and coal mines are located in the peninsula of West Sulabesi District, East Taliabu and Sub Sanana (Wai Village Ipa). Reserves of coal are estimated around 10.4 million tonnes.
Tourism
The Indonesian Ministry of Tourism (Kemenpar) is ready to support the promotion of tourism destination potential on Sula Islands. Demographically located between the crossroads of Wakatobi and Raja Ampat tourist areas, it is ideally developed as marine tourism and special interest tourism for diving enthusiasts.
One of the support is Maksaira Festival at Wai Ipa Beach to Bajo Village Beach. On 2018 the festival as a cultural and marine tourism attraction event has entered the third year and will be listed as MURI record breaking for the largest grouper fishing participant targeted by 3000 participants in 2018, where year 2017 followed by 1700 participants.
Fauna
The following species are native to the Sula Islands:
*
Buru babirusa
The Buru babirusa (''Babyrousa babyrussa'') is a wild pig-like animal native to the Indonesian islands of Buru, the two Sula Islands of Mangole and Taliabu. It is also known as the Moluccan babirusa, golden babirusa or hairy babirusa. Tradition ...
''
Babyrousa babyrussa
The Buru babirusa (''Babyrousa babyrussa'') is a wild pig-like animal native to the Indonesian islands of Buru, the two Sula Islands of Mangole and Taliabu. It is also known as the Moluccan babirusa, golden babirusa or hairy babirusa. Tradition ...
''
*
Banggai cuscus
The Banggai cuscus (''Strigocuscus pelengensis'') is a species of cuscus, a type of possum. It is found in the Peleng and Sula Islands
The Sula Islands Regency ( id, Kabupaten Kepulauan Sula) is one of the regencies in North Maluku province of ...
''
Strigocuscus pelengensis
The Banggai cuscus (''Strigocuscus pelengensis'') is a species of cuscus, a type of possum. It is found in the Peleng and Sula Islands
The Sula Islands Regency ( id, Kabupaten Kepulauan Sula) is one of the regencies in North Maluku province of ...
''
*
Sula rat
The Sula rat (''Rattus elaphinus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae.
It is found only in Indonesia, on Taliabu and Mangole islands in the Sula Archipelago. On Sanana island, only the introduced '' Rattus tanezumi'' and ''Rattus ex ...
''
Rattus elaphinus
The Sula rat (''Rattus elaphinus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae.
It is found only in Indonesia, on Taliabu and Mangole islands in the Sula Archipelago. On Sanana island, only the introduced '' Rattus tanezumi'' and ''Rattus ex ...
''
*
Sulawesi flying fox
The Sulawesi flying fox or Sulawesi fruit bat (''Acerodon celebensis'') is a species of megabat Endemism, endemic to Indonesia. It is classified as "Vulnerable" by the IUCN due to unsustainable levels of hunting.
Distribution and habitat
The sp ...
''
Acerodon celebensis
The Sulawesi flying fox or Sulawesi fruit bat (''Acerodon celebensis'') is a species of megabat endemic to Indonesia. It is classified as "Vulnerable" by the IUCN due to unsustainable levels of hunting.
Distribution and habitat
The species is e ...
''
*
Lesser short-nosed fruit bat ''
Cynopterus brachyotis
The lesser short-nosed fruit bat (''Cynopterus brachyotis'') is a species of megabat within the family Pteropodidae. It is a small bat that lives in South Asia and Southeast Asia. It weighs between , and measures . It occurs in many types of habi ...
''
*
Greenish naked-backed fruit bat
The greenish naked-backed fruit bat (''Dobsonia viridis'') is a species of megabat in the family Pteropodidae. It is endemic to some of the northeastern Lesser Sunda Islands in Indonesia, being found on the Kai Islands, the Banda Islands, and the ...
''
Dobsonia viridis''
*
Long-tongued nectar bat ''
Macroglossus minimus
The long-tongued nectar bat (''Macroglossus minimus''), also known as the northern blossom bat, honey nectar bat, least blossom-bat, dagger-toothed long-nosed fruit bat, and lesser long-tongued fruit bat, is a species of megabat. ''M. minimus'' is ...
''
*
Pallas's tube-nosed bat ''
Nyctimene cephalotes
Pallas's tube-nosed bat (''Nyctimene cephalotes''), also known as the Torresian tube-nosed bat or northern tube-nosed bat, is a species of megabat in the ''Nyctimene'' genus found in Indonesia. Its range may extend to New Guinea, but sightings m ...
''
*
Ashy-headed flying fox
The ashy-headed flying fox or North Moluccan flying fox (''Pteropus caniceps'') is a species of bat in the family Pteropodidae. It is endemic to Indonesia.
Taxonomy and etymology
It was described as a new species in 1870 by British zoologist J ...
''
Pteropus caniceps''
*
Sulawesi rousette
The Sulawesi rousette or Sulawesi fruit bat (''Pilonycteris celebensis'') is a species of megabat in the family Pteropodidae endemic to Sulawesi, an island in Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Sout ...
''
Rousettus celebensis
The Sulawesi rousette or Sulawesi fruit bat (''Pilonycteris celebensis'') is a species of megabat in the family Pteropodidae endemic to Sulawesi, an island in Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Sout ...
''
*
Swift fruit bat
The swift fruit bat (''Thoopterus nigrescens'') is a species of megabat in the family Pteropodidae.
References
Megabats
Endemic fauna of Indonesia
Bats of Indonesia
Mammals of Sulawesi
Mammals described in 1870
Taxonomy articles created ...
''
Thoopterus nigrescens
The swift fruit bat (''Thoopterus nigrescens'') is a species of megabat
Megabats constitute the family Pteropodidae of the order Chiroptera ( bats). They are also called fruit bats, Old World fruit bats, or—especially the genera ''Acero ...
''
*
Small Asian sheath-tailed bat
The small Asian sheath-tailed bat (''Emballonura alecto'') is a species of sac-winged bat in the family Emballonuridae. It is found in Borneo, Sulawesi, and the Philippines
The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Re ...
''
Emballonura alecto
The small Asian sheath-tailed bat (''Emballonura alecto'') is a species of sac-winged bat in the family Emballonuridae. It is found in Borneo, Sulawesi, and the Philippines.
References
Emballonura
Bats of Southeast Asia
Bats of Indonesi ...
''
*
Fawn leaf-nosed bat
The fawn leaf-nosed bat (''Hipposideros cervinus'') is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae found in Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Vanuatu.
Taxonomy
The species was first described by John Gould in his Mammals of ...
''
Hipposideros cervinus
The fawn leaf-nosed bat (''Hipposideros cervinus'') is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae found in Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Vanuatu.
Taxonomy
The species was first described by John Gould in his Mammals of ...
''
*
Small bent-winged bat ''
Miniopterus pusillus
The small bent-winged bat (''Miniopterus pusillus'') is a species of vesper bat in the family Miniopteridae. A novel version of coronavirus has been identified in this species. It can be found in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Laos, Mala ...
''
*
Sula megapode ''
Megapodius bernsteinii'' (Gosong Sula), status vulnerable
Introduced species include:
*
Asian house shrew
The Asian house shrew (''Suncus murinus'') is a shrew species native to South and Southeast Asia that has been listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List since 2008 because of its large population and wide distribution. It has been introduced i ...
*
Wild boar
The wild boar (''Sus scrofa''), also known as the wild swine, common wild pig, Eurasian wild pig, or simply wild pig, is a suid native to much of Eurasia and North Africa, and has been introduced to the Americas and Oceania. The species is ...
(''Sus scrofa'')
*
Polynesian rat
The Polynesian rat, Pacific rat or little rat (''Rattus exulans''), known to the Māori as ''kiore'', is the third most widespread species of rat in the world behind the brown rat and black rat. The Polynesian rat originated in Southeast Asia, a ...
(''Rattus exulans'')
References
External links
Tourist guide to the Sula IslandsInvestment Coordinating Board (BKPM) Profile of the Sula Islands
{{Maluku-islands
Regencies of North Maluku