Swabia
[ ; german: Schwaben , colloquially ''Schwabenland'' or ''Ländle''; archaic English also Suabia or Svebia] is a cultural,
historic and linguistic region in southwestern
Germany.
The name is ultimately derived from the medieval
Duchy of Swabia
The Duchy of Swabia (German: ''Herzogtum Schwaben'') was one of the five stem duchies of the medieval German Kingdom. It arose in the 10th century in the southwestern area that had been settled by Alemanni tribes in Late Antiquity.
While the ...
, one of the German
stem duchies
A stem duchy (german: Stammesherzogtum, from '' Stamm'', meaning "tribe", in reference to the Franks, Saxons, Bavarians and Swabians) was a constituent duchy of the German Empire at the time of the extinction of the Carolingian dynasty (death of ...
, representing the territory of
Alemannia, whose inhabitants interchangeably were called ''
Alemanni
The Alemanni or Alamanni, were a confederation of Germanic tribes
*
*
*
on the Upper Rhine River. First mentioned by Cassius Dio in the context of the campaign of Caracalla of 213, the Alemanni captured the in 260, and later expanded into pres ...
'' or ''
Suebi
The Suebi (or Suebians, also spelled Suevi, Suavi) were a large group of Germanic peoples originally from the Elbe river region in what is now Germany and the Czech Republic. In the early Roman era they included many peoples with their own names ...
''.
This territory would include all of the
Alemannic German
Alemannic, or rarely Alemannish (''Alemannisch'', ), is a group of High German dialects. The name derives from the ancient Germanic tribal confederation known as the Alamanni ("all men").
Distribution
Alemannic dialects are spoken by approxim ...
area, but the modern concept of Swabia is more restricted, due to the collapse of the duchy of Swabia in the thirteenth century. Swabia as understood in modern ethnography roughly coincides with the
Swabian Circle of the
Holy Roman Empire as it stood during the
Early Modern period, now divided between the states of
Bavaria and
Baden-Württemberg.
Swabians
Swabians (german: Schwaben, singular ''Schwabe'') are a Germanic people who are native to the ethnocultural and linguistic region of Swabia, which is now mostly divided between the modern states of Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria, in southwestern ...
(''Schwaben'', singular ''Schwabe'') are the natives of Swabia and speakers of
Swabian German
Swabian (german: Schwäbisch ) is one of the dialect groups of Alemannic German that belong to the High German dialect continuum. It is mainly spoken in Swabia, which is located in central and southeastern Baden-Württemberg (including its capita ...
. Their number was estimated at close to 0.8 million by
SIL Ethnologue as of 2006, compared to a total population of 7.5 million in the regions of
Tübingen,
Stuttgart
Stuttgart (; Swabian: ; ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley known as the ''Stuttgarter Kessel'' (Stuttgart Cauldron) and lies an hour from the ...
and
Bavarian Swabia
Swabia (german: Schwaben, ) is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany.
Governance
The county of Swabia is located in southwest Bavaria. It was annexed by Bavaria in 1803, is part of the historic region of Swabia and was ...
.
Geography
Like many cultural regions of Europe, Swabia's borders are not clearly defined. However, today it is normally thought of as comprising the former
Swabian Circle, or equivalently the former state of
Württemberg (with the Prussian
Hohenzollern Province
The House of Hohenzollern (, also , german: Haus Hohenzollern, , ro, Casa de Hohenzollern) is a German royal (and from 1871 to 1918, imperial) dynasty whose members were variously princes, electors, kings and emperors of Hohenzollern, Brandenb ...
), or the modern districts of
Tübingen (excluding the former Baden regions of the
Bodenseekreis
Bodenseekreis ("Lake Constance district") is a ''Landkreis'' (district) in the south-east of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from west, clockwise) Konstanz, Sigmaringen and Ravensburg, and in Bavaria, Lindau district. T ...
district),
Stuttgart
Stuttgart (; Swabian: ; ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley known as the ''Stuttgarter Kessel'' (Stuttgart Cauldron) and lies an hour from the ...
, and the administrative region of
Bavarian Swabia
Swabia (german: Schwaben, ) is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany.
Governance
The county of Swabia is located in southwest Bavaria. It was annexed by Bavaria in 1803, is part of the historic region of Swabia and was ...
.
In the
Middle Ages, the term Swabia indicated a larger area, covering all the lands associated with the
Frankish stem duchy of
Alamannia
Alamannia, or Alemannia, was the kingdom established and inhabited by the Alemanni, a Germanic peoples, Germanic tribal confederation that had broken through the Roman ''Upper Germanic Limes, limes'' in 213.
The Alemanni expanded from the Main ...
stretching from the
Vosges Mountains in the west to the broad
Lech river in the east: This also included the region of
Alsace and the later
Margraviate of Baden on both sides of the
Upper Rhine Valley, as well as modern German-speaking Switzerland, the Austrian state of
Vorarlberg and the principality of
Liechtenstein in the south.
History
Early history
Like all of
Southern Germany, what is now Swabia was part of the
La Tène culture, and as such has a
Celtic (Gaulish) substrate. In the Roman era, it was part of the
Raetia province.
The name ''Suebia'' is derived from that of the ''
Suebi
The Suebi (or Suebians, also spelled Suevi, Suavi) were a large group of Germanic peoples originally from the Elbe river region in what is now Germany and the Czech Republic. In the early Roman era they included many peoples with their own names ...
''.
It is used already by
Tacitus in the 1st century, albeit in a different geographical sense:
He calls the
Baltic Sea the ''Mare Suevicum'' ("Suebian Sea") after the
Suiones, and ends his description of the Suiones and
Sitones
The Sitones were a Germanic people living somewhere in Northern Europe in the first century CE. They are mentioned only by Cornelius Tacitus in 97 CE in Germania. Tacitus considered them similar to Suiones (ancestors of modern Swedes) apart from ...
with "Here Suebia ends" (''Hic Suebiae finis'').
[''Germania']
Section 45
By the mid-3rd century, groups of the Suebi form the core element of the new tribal alliance known as the
Alamanni
The Alemanni or Alamanni, were a confederation of Germanic tribes
*
*
*
on the Upper Rhine River. First mentioned by Cassius Dio in the context of the campaign of Caracalla of 213, the Alemanni captured the in 260, and later expanded into pres ...
, who expanded towards the
Roman Limes
(Latin, singular; plural: ) is a modern term used primarily for the Germanic border defence or delimiting system of Ancient Rome marking the borders of the Roman Empire, but it was not used by the Romans for that purpose. The term has been ex ...
east of the Rhine and south of the Main.
The Alamanni were sometimes referred to as Suebi even at this time, and their new area of settlement came to be known as Suebia.
In the
migration period
The Migration Period was a period in European history marked by large-scale migrations that saw the fall of the Western Roman Empire and subsequent settlement of its former territories by various tribes, and the establishment of the post-Roman ...
, the Suebi (Alamanni)
crossed the Rhine in 406 and some of them established the
Kingdom of the Suebi in Galicia. Another group settled in parts of
Pannonia
Pannonia (, ) was a province of the Roman Empire bounded on the north and east by the Danube, coterminous westward with Noricum and upper Italy, and southward with Dalmatia and upper Moesia. Pannonia was located in the territory that is now wes ...
, after the
Huns were defeated in 454 in the
Battle of Nedao.
The Alemanni were ruled by independent kings throughout the 4th to 5th century centuries but fell under
Frankish domination in the 6th (
Battle of Tolbiac
The Battle of Tolbiac was fought between the Franks, who were fighting under Clovis I, and the Alamanni, whose leader is not known. The date of the battle has traditionally been given as 496, though other accounts suggest it may either have been ...
496).
By the late 5th century, the area settled by the Alemanni extended to
Alsace and the
Swiss Plateau, bordering on the
Bavarii
The Baiuvarii or Bavarians (german: Bajuwaren) were a Germanic people. The Baiuvarii had settled modern-day Bavaria (which is named after them), Austria, and South Tyrol by the 6th century AD, and are considered the ancestors of modern-day Bava ...
to the east, the
Franks to the north, the remnants of
Roman Gaul to the west, and the
Lombards and
Goths, united in the
Kingdom of Odoacer, to the south.
The name ''Alamannia'' was used by the 8th century, and from the 9th century, ''Suebia'' was occasionally used for ''Alamannia'', while ''Alamannia'' was increasingly used to refer to
Alsace specifically. By the 12th century, ''Suebia'' rather than ''Alamannia'' was used consistently for the territory of the
Duchy of Swabia
The Duchy of Swabia (German: ''Herzogtum Schwaben'') was one of the five stem duchies of the medieval German Kingdom. It arose in the 10th century in the southwestern area that had been settled by Alemanni tribes in Late Antiquity.
While the ...
.
Duchy of Swabia
Swabia was one of the original
stem duchies
A stem duchy (german: Stammesherzogtum, from '' Stamm'', meaning "tribe", in reference to the Franks, Saxons, Bavarians and Swabians) was a constituent duchy of the German Empire at the time of the extinction of the Carolingian dynasty (death of ...
of
East Francia
East Francia (Medieval Latin: ) or the Kingdom of the East Franks () was a successor state of Charlemagne's Carolingian Empire, empire ruled by the Carolingian dynasty until 911. It was created through the Treaty of Verdun (843) which divided t ...
, the later
Holy Roman Empire, as it developed in the 9th and 10th centuries. Due to the foundation of the important abbeys of
St. Gallen and
Reichenau, Swabia became an important center of
Old High German literary culture during this period.
In the later
Carolingian period, Swabia became once again de facto independent, by the early 10th century mostly ruled by two dynasties, the
Hunfriding counts in
Raetia Curiensis and the
Ahalolfing The Alaholfings (occasionally Ahalolfings) were a noble family of Alemannia in the Early Middle Ages. They were related to the previous rulers of Alemannia, to the Bavarian Agilolfings and to the Geroldings. Their original power base was around t ...
s ruling the
Baar estates around the upper
Neckar
The Neckar () is a river in Germany, mainly flowing through the southwestern state of Baden-Württemberg, with a short section through Hesse. The Neckar is a major right tributary of the Rhine. Rising in the Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis near Schwenn ...
and Danube rivers.
The conflict between the two dynasties was decided in favour of Hunfriding
Burchard II at the
Battle of Winterthur
The Battle of Winterthur (27 May 1799) was an important action between elements of the Army of the Danube and elements of the Habsburg army, commanded by Friedrich Freiherr von Hotze, during the War of the Second Coalition, part of the French ...
(919). Burchard's rule as duke was acknowledged as such by the newly elected king
Henry the Fowler
Henry the Fowler (german: Heinrich der Vogler or '; la, Henricus Auceps) (c. 876 – 2 July 936) was the Duke of Saxony from 912 and the King of East Francia from 919 until his death in 936. As the first non-Frankish king of East Francia, he ...
, and in the 960s the duchy under
Burchard III was incorporated in the
Holy Roman Empire under
Otto I.
The
Hohenstaufen dynasty, which ruled the
Holy Roman Empire in the 12th and 13th centuries, arose out of Swabia, but following the execution of
Conradin, the last Hohenstaufen, on October 29, 1268, the duchy was not reappointed during the
Great Interregnum. In the following years the original duchy gradually broke up into many smaller units.
Rudolf I of Habsburg
Rudolf I (1 May 1218 – 15 July 1291) was the first King of Germany from the House of Habsburg. The first of the count-kings of Germany, he reigned from 1273 until his death.
Rudolf's election marked the end of the Great Interregnum which h ...
, elected in 1273 as emperor, tried to restore the duchy, but met the opposition of the higher nobility who aimed to limit the power of the emperor. Instead, he confiscated the former estates of the Hohenstaufen as imperial property of the Holy Roman Empire, and declared most of the cities formerly belonging to Hohenstaufen to be
Free Imperial Cities, and the more powerful abbeys within the former duchy to be Imperial Abbeys.
The rural regions were merged into the
Imperial Shrievalty (''Reichslandvogtei'') of Swabia, which was given as Imperial Pawn to Duke
Leopold III of Austria in 1379 and again to
Sigismund, Archduke of Austria in 1473/1486. He took the title of a "Prince of Swabia" and integrated the Shrievalty of Swabia in the realm of
Further Austria.
Later medieval period
The
Swabian League of Cities
The Swabian League of Cities (German: ''Schwäbischer Städtebund'') was a primarily military alliance between a number of free imperial cities in and around the area now defined as south-western Germany. Its objective was the maintenance of th ...
was first formed on 20 November 1331, when twenty-two
imperial cities
In the Holy Roman Empire, the collective term free and imperial cities (german: Freie und Reichsstädte), briefly worded free imperial city (', la, urbs imperialis libera), was used from the fifteenth century to denote a self-ruling city that ...
of the former Duchy of Swabia banded together in support of the
Emperor Louis IV, who in return promised not to mortgage any of them to any imperial
vassal. Among the founding cities were
Augsburg,
Heilbronn
Heilbronn () is a List of cities and towns in Germany, city in northern Baden-Württemberg, Germany, surrounded by Heilbronn (district), Heilbronn District. With over 126,000 residents, it is the sixth-largest city in the state.
From the late Mid ...
,
Reutlingen, and
Ulm. The counts of
Württemberg,
Oettingen, and
Hohenberg were induced to join in 1340.
The defeat of the city league by Count
Eberhard II of Württemberg Eberhard is an old Germanic name meaning the strength or courage of a wild boar.
People
First name
*Eberhard of Friuli (815–866), Duke and key figure in the Carolingian Empire
*Eberhard of Béthune (died 1212), Flemish grammarian
*Eberhard I, Du ...
in 1372
led to the formation of a new league of fourteen Swabian cities on 4 July 1376.
The emperor refused to recognise the newly revitalised Swabian League, seeing it as a rebellion, and this led to an "
imperial war
A ''Reichskrieg'' ("Imperial War", pl. ''Reichskriege'') was a war fought by the Holy Roman Empire as a whole against a common enemy. After the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, a ''Reichskrieg'' was a formal state of war that could only be declared b ...
" against the league. The renewed league defeated an imperial army at the Battle of
Reutlingen on 14 May 1377.
Burgrave
Frederick V of Hohenzollern finally defeated the league in 1388 at
Döffingen. The next year the city league disbanded according to the resolutions of the
Reichstag at
Eger.
The major dynasties that arose out of medieval Swabia were the
Habsburg
The House of Habsburg (), alternatively spelled Hapsburg in Englishgerman: Haus Habsburg, ; es, Casa de Habsburgo; hu, Habsburg család, it, Casa di Asburgo, nl, Huis van Habsburg, pl, dom Habsburgów, pt, Casa de Habsburgo, la, Domus Hab ...
s and the
Hohenzollern
The House of Hohenzollern (, also , german: Haus Hohenzollern, , ro, Casa de Hohenzollern) is a German royal (and from 1871 to 1918, imperial) dynasty whose members were variously princes, electors, kings and emperors of Hohenzollern, Brandenb ...
s, who rose to prominence in Northern Germany. Also stemming from Swabia are the local dynasties of the dukes of
Württemberg and the
margraves of
Baden. The
Welf Welf is a Germanic first name that may refer to:
*Welf (father of Judith), 9th century Frankish count, father-in-law of Louis the Pious
*Welf I, d. bef. 876, count of Alpgau and Linzgau
*Welf II, Count of Swabia, died 1030, supposed descendant of W ...
family went on to rule in
Bavaria and
Hanover, and are ancestral to the
British Royal Family that has ruled since 1714. Smaller feudal dynasties eventually disappeared, however; for example, branches of the
Montforts and
Hohenems lived until modern times, and the
Fürstenberg Fürstenberg (also Fuerstenberg and Furstenberg) may refer to:
Historical states
* Fürstenberg-Baar, county (1441–1559)
* Fürstenberg-Blumberg, county (1559–1614)
* Fürstenberg-Donaueschingen, county (1617–1698)
* Fürstenberg-Fürsten ...
survive still. The region proved to be one of the most divided in the empire, containing, in addition to these principalities, numerous
free cities, ecclesiastical territories, and fiefdoms of lesser
counts and
knights.
Early modern history
A new
Swabian League (''Schwäbischer Bund'') was formed in 1488, opposing the expansionist
Bavarian dukes from the
House of Wittelsbach
The House of Wittelsbach () is a German dynasty, with branches that have ruled over territories including Bavaria, the Palatinate, Holland and Zeeland, Sweden (with Finland), Denmark, Norway, Hungary (with Romania), Bohemia, the Electorate ...
and the revolutionary threat from the south in the form of the
Swiss
Swiss may refer to:
* the adjectival form of Switzerland
* Swiss people
Places
* Swiss, Missouri
* Swiss, North Carolina
*Swiss, West Virginia
* Swiss, Wisconsin
Other uses
*Swiss-system tournament, in various games and sports
*Swiss Internation ...
.
In 1519, the League conquered Württemberg and sold it to
Charles V after its duke
Ulrich seized the Free Imperial City of Reutlingen during the interregnum that followed the death of Maximilian I. It helped to suppress the
Peasants' Revolt in 1524–26 and defeat an alliance of
robber barons in the
Franconian War. The
Reformation caused the league to be disbanded in 1534.
The territory of Swabia as understood today emerges in the early modern period. It corresponds to the
Swabian Circle established in 1512.
The
Old Swiss Confederacy
The Old Swiss Confederacy or Swiss Confederacy (German language, Modern German: ; historically , after the Swiss Reformation, Reformation also , "Confederation of the Swiss") was a loose confederation of independent small states (, German or ...
was ''de facto'' independent from Swabia from 1499 as a result of the
Swabian War, while the
Margraviate of Baden had been detached from Swabia since the twelfth century.
Fearing the power of the greater princes, the cities and smaller secular rulers of Swabia joined to form the
Swabian League in the fifteenth century. The League was quite successful, notably expelling the
Duke of Württemberg in 1519 and putting in his place a Habsburg governor, but the league broke up a few years later over religious differences inspired by the
Reformation, and the Duke of Württemberg was soon restored.
The region was quite divided by the Reformation. While secular princes such as the Duke of Württemberg and the Margrave of
Baden-Durlach
The Margraviate of Baden-Durlach was an early modern territory of the Holy Roman Empire, in the upper Rhine valley, which existed from 1535 to 1771. It was formed when the Margraviate of Baden was split between the sons of Margrave Christopher ...
, as well as most of the Free Cities, became
Protestant, the ecclesiastical territories (including the
bishoprics of
Augsburg,
Konstanz and the numerous
Imperial abbeys
Princely abbeys (german: Fürstabtei, ''Fürststift'') and Imperial abbeys (german: Reichsabtei, ''Reichskloster'', ''Reichsstift'', ''Reichsgotthaus'') were religious establishments within the Holy Roman Empire which enjoyed the status of imp ...
) remained
Catholic, as did the territories belonging to the Habsburgs (
Further Austria), the
Sigmaringen branch of the
House of Hohenzollern, and the Margrave of
Baden-Baden.
Modern history
In the wake of the territorial reorganization of the empire of 1803 by the ''
Reichsdeputationshauptschluss
The ' (formally the ', or "Principal Conclusion of the Extraordinary Imperial Delegation"), sometimes referred to in English as the Final Recess or the Imperial Recess of 1803, was a resolution passed by the ' (Imperial Diet) of the Holy Roman Em ...
'', the shape of Swabia was entirely changed. All the ecclesiastical estates were secularized, and most of the smaller secular states, and almost all of the free cities, were
mediatized Mediatization or mediatisation may refer to:
* German mediatisation, German historical territorial restructuring
* Mediatization (media) Mediatization (or medialization) is a process whereby the mass media influence other sectors of society, includ ...
, leaving only the
Kingdom of Württemberg, the
Grand Duchy of Baden
The Grand Duchy of Baden (german: Großherzogtum Baden) was a state in the southwest German Empire on the east bank of the Rhine. It existed between 1806 and 1918.
It came into existence in the 12th century as the Margraviate of Baden and subs ...
, and the Principality of
Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen as sovereign states. Much of Eastern Swabia became part of
Bavaria, forming what is now the
Swabian administrative region of Bavaria. The
Kings of Bavaria
Kings or King's may refer to:
*Monarchs: The sovereign heads of states and/or nations, with the male being kings
*One of several works known as the "Book of Kings":
**The Books of Kings part of the Bible, divided into two parts
**The ''Shahnameh' ...
assumed the title ''Duke in Swabia'', with the ''in'' indicating that only parts of the Swabian territory was ruled by them, unlike their other title ''
Duke of Franconia
The Duchy of Franconia (german: Herzogtum Franken) was one of the five stem duchies of East Francia and the medieval Kingdom of Germany emerging in the early 10th century. The word Franconia, first used in a Latin charter of 1053, was applied li ...
'' which made clear that the whole of Franconia had become part of their kingdom.
In contemporary usage, ''Schwaben'' is sometimes taken to refer to Bavarian Swabia exclusively, correctly however it includes the larger Württemberg part of Swabia. Its inhabitants attach great importance to calling themselves Swabians. Baden, historically part of the duchy of Swabia but not of the Swabian Circle, is no longer commonly included in the term. Baden's residents mostly refer to themselves as
Alemanni
The Alemanni or Alamanni, were a confederation of Germanic tribes
*
*
*
on the Upper Rhine River. First mentioned by Cassius Dio in the context of the campaign of Caracalla of 213, the Alemanni captured the in 260, and later expanded into pres ...
(versus the
Swabians
Swabians (german: Schwaben, singular ''Schwabe'') are a Germanic people who are native to the ethnocultural and linguistic region of Swabia, which is now mostly divided between the modern states of Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria, in southwestern ...
).
Swabian people
Language
SIL Ethnologue cites an estimate of 819,000 Swabian speakers as of 2006. This corresponds to roughly 10% of the total population of the Swabian region, or roughly 1% of the total population of Germany.
As an ethno-linguistic group, Swabians are closely related to other speakers of
Alemannic German
Alemannic, or rarely Alemannish (''Alemannisch'', ), is a group of High German dialects. The name derives from the ancient Germanic tribal confederation known as the Alamanni ("all men").
Distribution
Alemannic dialects are spoken by approxim ...
, i.e.
Badeners,
Alsatians, and
German-speaking Swiss.
[Minahan, p. 650.]
Swabian German or German
Swabian or Schwabian, or ''variation'', may refer to:
* the German region of Swabia (German: "''Schwaben''")
* Swabian German, a dialect spoken in Baden-Württemberg in south-west Germany and adjoining areas (German:"''Schwäbisch''")
* Danube ...
is traditionally spoken in the upper
Neckar
The Neckar () is a river in Germany, mainly flowing through the southwestern state of Baden-Württemberg, with a short section through Hesse. The Neckar is a major right tributary of the Rhine. Rising in the Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis near Schwenn ...
basin (upstream of
Heilbronn
Heilbronn () is a List of cities and towns in Germany, city in northern Baden-Württemberg, Germany, surrounded by Heilbronn (district), Heilbronn District. With over 126,000 residents, it is the sixth-largest city in the state.
From the late Mid ...
), along the upper
Danube between
Tuttlingen
Tuttlingen (Alemannic: ''Duttlinga'') is a town in Baden-Württemberg, capital of the district Tuttlingen. Nendingen, ''Möhringen'' and ''Eßlingen'' are three former municipalities that belong to Tuttlingen. Tuttlingen is located in Swabia eas ...
and
Donauwörth, and on the left bank of the
Lech, in an area centered on the
Swabian Alps
Swabian or Schwabian, or ''variation'', may refer to:
* the German region of Swabia (German: "''Schwaben''")
* Swabian German, a dialect spoken in Baden-Württemberg in south-west Germany and adjoining areas (German:"''Schwäbisch''")
* Danube ...
roughly stretching from
Stuttgart
Stuttgart (; Swabian: ; ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley known as the ''Stuttgarter Kessel'' (Stuttgart Cauldron) and lies an hour from the ...
to
Augsburg.
Many Swabian surnames end with the suffixes ''-le'', ''-(l)er'', ''-el'', ''-ehl'', and ''-lin'', typically from the
Middle High German diminutive
A diminutive is a root word that has been modified to convey a slighter degree of its root meaning, either to convey the smallness of the object or quality named, or to convey a sense of intimacy or endearment. A (abbreviated ) is a word-formati ...
suffix ''-elîn'' (Modern Standard German ''-lein''). Examples would be: ''Schäuble'', ''Egeler'', ''Rommel'', and ''Gmelin''. The popular German surname ''Schwab'' as well as ''Svevo'' in Italy are derived from this area, both meaning literally "Swabian".
See also
*
Danube Swabians (''Donauschwaben''):
**
Banat Swabians
The Banat Swabians are an ethnic German population in the former Kingdom of Hungary in Central-Southeast Europe, part of the Danube Swabians. They emigrated in the 18th century to what was then the Austrian Empire's Banat of Temeswar province, la ...
**
Germans of Hungary
**
Germans of Romania
**
Germans of Serbia
**
Satu Mare Swabians
**
Swabian Turkey
The term Swabian Turkey (german: Schwäbische Türkei, hu, Sváb-Törökország) describes a region in southeastern in Hungary delimited by the Danube (''Donau''), the Drava (''Drau''), inhabited by an ethnic German minority, the Germans of Hunga ...
*
Duke of Swabia
The Dukes of Swabia were the rulers of the Duchy of Swabia during the Middle Ages. Swabia was one of the five stem duchies of the medieval German kingdom, and its dukes were thus among the most powerful magnates of Germany. The most notable family ...
*
Swabian children
*
New Swabia
*
Swabian cuisine
*
Swabian League
*
Schwaben Redoubt (World War I)
*''
Schwabenhass
''Schwabenhass'' (German for ''hatred against Swabians'') is a neologism referring to the aversion to the approximately 300,000-strong Swabian diaspora in Berlin and elsewhere in Germany outside of Swabia. In 2013, the so-called ''Spätzle-str ...
'' ("Suabophobia")
Notes
References
Sources
*
External links
*
D'alemannisch Wikipedia
*
*
{{Authority control
Geography of Baden-Württemberg
Geography of Bavaria
History of the Holy Roman Empire by location