''Subulina'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of small tropical air-breathing

land snail A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells (those without shells are known as ...

terrestrial Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth. Terrestrial may also refer to: * Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on or near the ground, as opposed to ...

pulmonate Pulmonata or pulmonates, is an informal group (previously an order, and before that a subclass) of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group includ ...

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...

s in the family

Achatinidae Achatinidae (New Latin, from Greek "''agate''") is a family of medium to large sized tropical land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks from Africa. Well known species include ''Achatina achatina'' the Giant African Snail, and ''Lis ...

. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Subulina H. Beck, 1837. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=818582 on 2022-07-07 ''Subulina'' is the

type genus In biological taxonomy, the type genus is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name. Zoological nomenclature According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, "The name-bearing type of a nominal f ...

of the subfamily Subulininae.

Species

The genus ''Subulina'' includes the following species: * '' Subulina abessinica'' (Thiele, 1933) * '' Subulina albini'' Germain, 1923 * '' Subulina avakubiensis'' Pilsbry, 1919 * '' Subulina bequaerti'' Pilsbry, 1919 * '' Subulina biafrae'' Ortiz de Zárate & Ortiz de Zárate, 1959 * '' Subulina bicolumellaris'' E. von Martens, 1895 * '' Subulina bruggenorum'' Breure & Ablett, 2018 * ''

Subulina canonica ''Subulina'' is a genus of small tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Achatinidae. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Subulina H. Beck, 1837. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Sp ...

'' (Mousson, 1886) * '' Subulina cereola'' (Morelet, 1860) * '' Subulina chiarinii'' Pollonera, 1887 * '' Subulina connollyi'' Bacci, 1951 * '' Subulina emini'' (E. A. Smith, 1890) * '' Subulina entebbana'' (Pollonera, 1907) * '' Subulina erlangeri'' O. Boettger, 1907 * '' Subulina feai'' Germain, 1912 * '' Subulina ferriezi'' (Morelet, 1882) * '' Subulina glabella'' (Morelet, 1883) * '' Subulina glyptochephala'' Pilsbry, 1919 * '' Subulina gracilenta'' (Morelet, 1867) * '' Subulina gracillima'' Connolly, 1919 * ''

Subulina gratacapi ''Subulina'' is a genus of small tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Achatinidae. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Subulina H. Beck, 1837. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Sp ...

'' Pilsbry, 1919 * ''

Subulina intermedia ''Subulina'' is a genus of small tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Achatinidae. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Subulina H. Beck, 1837. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Sp ...

'' Taylor, 1877 * '' Subulina jaensis'' Preston, 1909 * '' Subulina kassaiana'' Rochebrune & Germain, 1904 * '' Subulina krebedjeensis'' Germain, 1907 * '' Subulina lacuum'' O. Boettger, 1907 * '' Subulina lasti'' (E. A. Smith, 1890) * '' Subulina leia'' Putzeys, 1899 * '' Subulina lowei'' Pilsbry, 1919 * '' Subulina mabilliana'' Bourguignat, 1883 * '' Subulina mamillata'' (Craven, 1880) * '' Subulina manampetsaensis'' Fischer-Piette & Testud, 1964 * '' Subulina maringoensis'' Preston, 1910 * '' Subulina moreleti'' Girard, 1893 * '' Subulina mrimensis'' Verdcourt, 1979 * '' Subulina munzingerii'' (Jickeli, 1873) * '' Subulina newtoni'' Girard, 1893 * '' Subulina normalis'' (Morelet, 1885) * '' Subulina octogona'' Bruguière, 1792 * '' Subulina octona'' (Bruguière, 1798)Juřičková L. (2006). "''Subulina octona'' (Bruguière, 1798) – a new greenhouse species for the Czech Republic (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Subulinidae)". ''

Malacologica Bohemoslovaca ''Malacologica Bohemoslovaca'' is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering all aspects of malacology. It was published by the Slovak Academy of Sciences since 2005. It is published by the Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of ...

'' 5: 1–2. Online serial at 30-Jan-2006
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- miniature awlsnail * '' Subulina ornata'' (Morelet, 1888) * '' Subulina parana'' Pilsbry, 1906 * '' Subulina pengensis'' Pilsbry, 1919 * '' Subulina pergracilis'' E. von Martens, 1897 * '' Subulina perlucida'' (Preston, 1910) * '' Subulina perstriata'' E. von Martens, 1895 * '' Subulina petrensis'' (Morelet, 1866) * '' Subulina pileata'' (E. von Martens, 1876) * '' Subulina pyramidalis'' (Morelet, 1883) * '' Subulina roccatii'' Pollonera, 1906 * '' Subulina simplex'' (Morelet, 1882) * '' Subulina sinistrorsa'' Dupuis, 1922 * '' Subulina suaveolata'' (Jickeli, 1873) * '' Subulina subangulata'' Putzeys, 1899 * '' Subulina subcrenata'' E. von Martens, 1895 * '' Subulina taruensis'' Connolly, 1923 * '' Subulina terebella'' (Morelet, 1886) * '' Subulina thysvillensis'' Pilsbry, 1919 * '' Subulina totistriata'' Pilsbry, 1906 * '' Subulina tribulationis'' Preston, 1911 * '' Subulina turtoni'' Connolly, 1923 * ''

Subulina usambarica ''Subulina usambarica'' is a species of small, tropical, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Achatinidae. Distribution The species is endemic to Tanzania Tanzania (; ), officially the Unite ...

'' K. Pfeiffer * '' Subulina viridula'' Connolly, 1923 * '' Subulina vitrea'' (Mousson, 1888) * '' Subulina yatesi'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1855)

Synonyms

* ''Subulina abdita'' Poey, 1858: synonym of '' Leptinaria striosa'' (C. B. Adams, 1849) (junior synonym) * ''Subulina angustata'' (Jickeli, 1873): synonym of '' Homorus angustatus'' (Jickeli, 1873) * ''Subulina angustior'' (Dohrn, 1866): synonym of ''

Striosubulina striatella ''Striosubulina striatella'' is a species of small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Achatinidae. Distribution This species is native to tropical West Africa. It is introduced in the Mascarene ...

'' (Rang, 1831) * ''Subulina antinorii'' (Morelet, 1872): synonym of '' Homorus antorinii'' (Morelet, 1872) * ''Subulina arabica'' Connolly, 1941: synonym of Homorus arabicus (Connolly, 1941) (original combination) * ''Subulina castanea'' E. von Martens, 1895: synonym of '' Oreohomorus castaneus'' (E. von Martens, 1895) * Subulina chiradzuluensis E. A. Smith, 1899: synonym of Subuliniscus chiradzuluensis (E. A. Smith, 1899) (original combination) * ''Subulina crystallina'' Melvill & Ponsonby, 1896: synonym of '' Opeas crystallinum'' (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1896) (original combination) * ''Subulina cyanostoma'' Beck, 1837: synonym of ''Achatina cyanostoma'' L. Pfeiffer, 1842: synonym of '' Homorus cyanostomus'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1842) (nomen nudum) * ''Subulina cylindracea'' Bourguignat, 1890: synonym of '' Subulona cylindracea'' (Bourguignat, 1890) (original combination) * ''Subulina dohertyi'' E. A. Smith, 1903: synonym of '' Nothapalus dohertyi'' (E. A. Smith, 1903) (original combination) * ''Subulina elegans'' E. von Martens, 1895: synonym of '' Ischnoglessula elegans'' (E. von Martens, 1895) (original combination) * ''Subulina eulimoides'' Preston, 1909: synonym of '' Opeas eulimoides'' (Preston, 1909) (original combination) * ''Subulina glaucocyanea'' Melvill & Ponsonby, 1896: synonym of '' Euonyma acus'' (Morelet, 1889) * ''Subulina grandis'' Madge, 1938: synonym of ''Subulina striatella'' (Rang, 1831): synonym of ''

'' (Rang, 1831) (junior synonym) * ''Subulina isseli'' Jickeli, 1874: synonym of '' Pseudopeas isseli'' (Jickeli, 1874) (original combination) * ''Subulina jickelii'' Bourguignat, 1879: synonym of ''Homorus variabilis var. jickelii'' (Bourguignat, 1879): synonym of '' Homorus variabilis'' (Jickeli, 1873) (original combination) * ''Subulina jouberti'' Bourguignat, 1890: synonym of '' Subulona jouberti'' (Bourguignat, 1890) (original combination) * ''Subulina kempi'' Preston, 1912: synonym of '' Nothapalinus kempi'' (Preston, 1912) (original combination) * ''Subulina laeocochlis'' Melvill & Ponsonby, 1896: synonym of ''

Euonyma laeocochlis ''Euonyma laeocochlis'' is a species of an air-breathing land snail, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Achatinidae. ''E. laeocochlis'' is the type species of the genus ''Euonyma''.Herbert D. (2006). "Rediscovery of the ty ...

'' (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1896) (original combination) * ''Subulina lagariensis'' E. A. Smith, 1904: synonym of '' Subulona lagariensis'' (E. A. Smith, 1904) (original combination) * ''Subulina lenta'' E. A. Smith, 1880: synonym of '' Subulona lenta'' (E. A. Smith, 1880) (original combination) * ''Subulina lhotellerii'' Bourguignat, 1879: synonym of ''Homorus variabilis var. lhotellerii'' (Bourguignat, 1879): synonym of '' Homorus variabilis'' (Jickeli, 1873) (original combination) * ''Subulina maurtiana'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1853): synonym of ''Allopeas mauritianum'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1853): synonym of ''

Allopeas clavulinum ''Allopeas clavulinum'', common name the spike awlsnail, is a species of small, tropical, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Achatinidae. This species is also known as ''Lamellaxis clavulinus''. Su ...

'' (Potiez & Michaud, 1838) (superseded combination) * † ''Subulina nitidula'' Klika, 1891: synonym of † '' Pseudoleacina nitidula'' (Klika, 1891) (new combination) * ''Subulina octana'' ic synonym of ''Subulina octona'' (Bruguière, 1789) (unaccepted > misspelling) * ''Subulina paucispira'' E. von Martens, 1892: synonym of '' Nothapalus paucispira'' (E. von Martens, 1892) (original combination) * ''Subulina perrieriana'' Bourguignat, 1883: synonym of '' Homorus perrierianus'' (Bourguignat, 1883) (original combination) * ''Subulina pietersburgensis'' Preston, 1909: synonym of '' Opeas lineare'' (F. Krauss, 1848) * ''Subulina pinguis'' E. von Martens, 1895: synonym of '' Subulona pinguis'' (E. von Martens, 1895) * ''Subulina plebeia'' (Morelet, 1885): synonym of '' Pseudopeas plebeium'' (Morelet, 1885) (superseded combination) * ''Subulina porrecta'' E. von Martens, 1898: synonym of '' Mayaxis porrecta'' (E. von Martens, 1898) (original combination) * ''Subulina purcelli'' Melvill & Ponsonby, 1901: synonym of '' Euonyma purcelli'' (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1901) (original combination) * ''Subulina ruwenzoriensis'' Pollonera, 1907: synonym of '' Subuliniscus ruwenzoriensis'' (Pollonera, 1907) (original combination) * ''Subulina sargi'' Crosse & P. Fischer, 1877: synonym of '' Pseudosubulina sargi'' (Crosse & P. Fischer, 1877) (original combination) * ''Subulina servaini'' Mabille, 1887: synonym of '' Tortaxis servaini'' (Mabille, 1887) (original combination) * ''Subulina solidiuscula'' E. A. Smith, 1880: synonym of '' Subulona solidiuscula'' (E. A. Smith, 1880) (original combination) * ''Subulina splendens'' Thiele, 1910: synonym of '' Homorus splendens'' (Thiele, 1910) (original combination) * ''Subulina striatella'' (Rang, 1831): synonym of ''

'' (Rang, 1831) (superseded combination) * ''Subulina strigilis'' Melvill & Ponsonby, 1901: synonym of '' Opeas strigile'' (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1901) (original combination) * ''Subulina suaveolans'' Jickeli, 1874: synonym of '' Homorus suaveolatus'' (Jickeli, 1873) (unjustified subsequent emendation) * '' Subulina subulata'' (Jickeli, 1873): synonym of '' Homorus subulatus'' (Jickeli, 1873) * ''Subulina trochlea'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1842): synonym of '' Subulina octona'' (Bruguière, 1789) (junior synonym) * ''Subulina tugelensiis'' Melvill & Ponsonby, 1897: synonym of '' Euonyma tugelensis'' (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1897) (original combination) * ''Subulina uncta'' E. A. Smith, 1903: synonym of '' Nothapalus unctus'' (E. A. Smith, 1903) (original combination) * ''Subulina variabilis'' (Jickeli, 1873): synonym of '' Homorus variabilis'' (Jickeli, 1873) * ''Subulina victoriae'' (Kobelt, 1913): synonym of '' Subulina entebbana'' (Pollonera, 1907) (junior synonym) * ''Subulina virgo'' Preston, 1911: synonym of ''

Cecilioides virgo ''Cecilioides'' is a genus of very small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Ferussaciidae. MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Cecilioides A. Férussac, 1814. Accessed through: World Register of ...

'' (Preston, 1911) (original combination)

References

External links

ITIS info

Beck, H. (1837). Index molluscorum praesentis aevi musei principis augustissimi Christiani Frederici. 1-99. Hafniae

Nevill, G. (1869). Additional notes on the land-shells of the Seychelles Islands. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1869: 61-66

Poinar, G. O., Jr. & Roth, B. (1991). Terrestrial snails (Gastropoda) in Dominican amber. The Veliger. 34(3): 253-258

Breure, A. S. H. & Araujo, R. (2017). The Neotropical land snails (Mollusca, Gastropoda) collected by the “Comisión Científica del Pacífico.”. PeerJ. 5, e3065.
Subulininae Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Achatinidae-stub