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The substantia innominata also innominate substance, or substantia innominata of Meynert (Latin for unnamed substance) is a series of layers in the human brain consisting partly of gray and partly of white matter, which lies below the anterior part of the thalamus and lentiform nucleus. It is included as part of the
It consists of three layers, superior, middle, and inferior.
* The ''superior layer'' is named the
Diagram at biocfarm.unibo.it
{{Authority control Rostral basal ganglia and associated structures
anterior perforated substance
The anterior perforated substance is a part of the brain. It is bilateral. It is irregular and quadrilateral. It lies in front of the optic tract and behind the olfactory trigone.
Structure
The anterior perforated substance is bilateral. It ...
(as it appears to be perforated by many holes which are actually blood vessels). It is part of the basal forebrain structures and includes the nucleus basalis. A portion of the substantia innominata, below the globus pallidus
The globus pallidus (GP), also known as paleostriatum or dorsal pallidum, is a subcortical structure of the brain. It consists of two adjacent segments, one external, known in rodents simply as the globus pallidus, and one internal, known in rod ...
is considered as part of the extended amygdala.
Layers
It consists of three layers, superior, middle, and inferior.
* The ''superior layer'' is named the ansa lenticularis
The ansa lenticularis (''ansa lentiformis'' in older texts) is a part of the brain, making up the superior layer of the substantia innominata. Its fibers, derived from the medullary lamina of the lentiform nucleus, pass medially to end in the thal ...
, and its fibers, derived from the medullary lamina of the lentiform nucleus, pass medially to end in the thalamus and subthalamic region, while others are said to end in the tegmentum and red nucleus.
* The ''middle layer'' consists of nerve cells and nerve fibers; fibers enter it from the parietal lobe through the external capsule
The external capsule is a series of white matter fiber tracts in the brain. These fibers run between the most lateral (toward the side of the head) segment of the lentiform nucleus (more specifically the putamen) and the claustrum.
The white matte ...
, while others are said to connect it with the medial longitudinal fasciculus
The medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) is an area of crossed over tracts, on each side of the brainstem. These bundles of axons are situated near the midline of the brainstem. They are made up of both ascending and descending fibers that ari ...
.
* The ''inferior layer'' forms the main part of the inferior stalk of the thalamus, and connects this body with the temporal lobe and the insula.
Striatopallidal system
In the late 20th century following improved imaging bystaining
Staining is a technique used to enhance contrast in samples, generally at the microscopic level. Stains and dyes are frequently used in histology (microscopic study of biological tissues), in cytology (microscopic study of cells), and in the ...
it was reclassified as part of the striatopallidal system, which is made up of the dorsal striatum and dorsal pallidum, and the ventral striatum and ventral pallidum.
References
External links
Diagram at biocfarm.unibo.it
{{Authority control Rostral basal ganglia and associated structures