Subh-e-Azadi (lit.'Dawn of Independence' or 'Morning of freedom'), also spelled Subh-e-Aazadi or written as Subh e Azadi, is an
Urdu language
Urdu (;["Urdu"](_blank)
''Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary''. ur, , link=no, ) is an Indo-Aryan languages, In ...
poem by a Pakistani poet,
Faiz Ahmed Faiz
Faiz Ahmad ''Faiz'' (13 February 1911 – 20 November 1984; Urdu, Punjabi:
فیض احمد فیض) was a Pakistani poet, and author of Urdu and Punjabi literature. Faiz was one of the most celebrated Pakistani Urdu writers of his time. Out ...
written in 1947. The poem is often noted for its
prose style
In literature, writing style is the manner of expressing thought in language characteristic of an individual, period, school, or nation. As Bryan Ray notes, however, style is a broader concern, one that can describe "readers' relationships with, t ...
, marxist perspectives, disappointment, anguish, and critic atmosphere. It centers
partition of India
The Partition of British India in 1947 was the Partition (politics), change of political borders and the division of other assets that accompanied the dissolution of the British Raj in South Asia and the creation of two independent dominions: ...
after the
British rule
The British Raj (; from Hindi ''rāj'': kingdom, realm, state, or empire) was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent;
*
* it is also called Crown rule in India,
*
*
*
*
or Direct rule in India,
* Quote: "Mill, who was himsel ...
was ended in the
Indian subcontinent
The Indian subcontinent is a list of the physiographic regions of the world, physiographical region in United Nations geoscheme for Asia#Southern Asia, Southern Asia. It is situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian O ...
, leading to rise different concerns and feelings associated with
multi-ethnic
Mixed race people are people of more than one race or ethnicity. A variety of terms have been used both historically and presently for mixed race people in a variety of contexts, including ''multiethnic'', ''polyethnic'', occasionally ''bi-ethn ...
origin. The poem primarily revolves around the poet's
sentiment
Sentiment may refer to:
*Feelings, and emotions
*Public opinion, also called sentiment
*Sentimentality, an appeal to shallow, uncomplicated emotions at the expense of reason
*Sentimental novel, an 18th-century literary genre
*Market sentiment, opt ...
s and
emotion
Emotions are mental states brought on by neurophysiological changes, variously associated with thoughts, feelings, behavioral responses, and a degree of pleasure or displeasure. There is currently no scientific consensus on a definition. ...
s about those people who migrated from one
sovereign state
A sovereign state or sovereign country, is a polity, political entity represented by one central government that has supreme legitimate authority over territory. International law defines sovereign states as having a permanent population, defin ...
to another, leaving their native places. Subh-e-Azadi was written as an expression of
solidarity
''Solidarity'' is an awareness of shared interests, objectives, standards, and sympathies creating a psychological sense of unity of groups or classes. It is based on class collaboration.''Merriam Webster'', http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictio ...
with the people who was living either in India or Pakistan before the region split into two independent nations.
The poem illustrates split of Indian subcontinent in an
imaginary style, covering aftermath and its related events as personally felt or realized by the poet. The poem also illustrates