Subfluvial tunnel ESPO and Lena River is a bridge that carries the Eastern Siberia–Pacific Ocean oil pipeline across the

Lena River The Lena (russian: Ле́на, ; evn, Елюенэ, ''Eljune''; sah, Өлүөнэ, ''Ölüöne''; bua, Зүлхэ, ''Zülkhe''; mn, Зүлгэ, ''Zülge'') is the easternmost of the three great Siberian rivers that flow into the Arctic Ocean ...

. The Eastern Siberia–Pacific Ocean oil pipeline is a long oil pipeline. It is between the confluence with the

Olyokma River , image = Olyokma river.jpg , image_size = , image_caption = View of the river , pushpin_map = Russia Sakha Republic , pushpin_map_size = , pushpin_map_caption= Location in the Sakha Republic, R ...

and

Soljanka village Solyanka (russian: соля́нка, initially ''селя́нка''; in English "Settlers' Soup") is a thick and sour soup of Russian origin that is common in Russia, Ukraine, and other states of the former Soviet Union and certain parts of the f ...

Building method and design

Builders initially chose a tunnel for this crossing, based on

horizontal drilling Directional drilling (or slant drilling) is the practice of drilling non-vertical bores. It can be broken down into four main groups: oilfield directional drilling, utility installation directional drilling, directional boring (horizontal dir ...

. Instead, they eventually decided to build a culvert, laying an oil pipeline in a trench. According to designers of

Transneft Joint Stock Company Transneft (russian: Транснефть) is a state-controlled pipeline transport company headquartered in Moscow, Russia. It is the largest oil pipeline company in the world. Transneft is operating over of trunk pipeline ...

, the building of the underwater crossing is ecologically safe. The decision on the use of open cut river and stream crossing is based on studies performed by employees of Transneft of possible ways of crossing a waterway, proceeding from geological and hydrological conditions of a section of the Lena River. According to engineers of Transneft, this crossing is unique in reliability. In addition, pump station number 14 is on the bank of the Lena river right after the bridge. This measure lowers pressure in the pipe. The underwater piece of the oil pipeline is a pipe riveted to a wood lath. Over the lath are pig-iron

pipeline weight Pipeline may refer to: Electronics, computers and computing * Pipeline (computing), a chain of data-processing stages or a CPU optimization found on ** Instruction pipelining, a technique for implementing instruction-level parallelism within a s ...

s. * The thickness of a wall of a pipe on a site of underwater transition of the main oil pipeline is . *

Strength Strength may refer to: Physical strength *Physical strength, as in people or animals * Hysterical strength, extreme strength occurring when people are in life-and-death situations *Superhuman strength, great physical strength far above human c ...

of a used steel above, than at analogues on 15%. The first attempt to construct the crossing was made in the summer of 2008, but the water lever was high and construction work was halted. The crossing was constructed from the end of March to the beginning of April 2009. Workers worked on placing a section of oil pipeline in a trench that had been cut from the ice of the Lena River.

References

External links

* {{coord missing, Russia Bridges in Russia Transneft