Brodmann area 43, the subcentral area, is a structurally distinct area of the cerebral cortex defined on the basis of cytoarchitecture. Along with Brodmann Area 1, 2, and 3, Brodmann area 43 is a subdivision of the postcentral region of the brain,Garey LJ. Brodmann's Localisation in the Cerebral Cortex. New York : Springer, 2006 () () suggesting a somatosensory ('feeling of the body') function. The histological structure of Area 43 was initially described by Korbinian Brodmann, but it was not labeled on his map of cortical areas.Brodmann, Korobian. Vergleichende Lokalisationslehre der Grosshirnrinde: in ihren Prinzipien dargestellt auf Grund des Zellenbaues. Ja Barth, 1909.

Location

In the human ''subcentral area 43'', a sub area of the cytoarchitecture is defined in the postcentral region of the cerebral cortex. It occupies the postcentral gyrus, which is between the ventrolateral extreme of the

central sulcus In neuroanatomy, the central sulcus (also central fissure, fissure of Rolando, or Rolandic fissure, after Luigi Rolando) is a sulcus, or groove, in the cerebral cortex in the brains of vertebrates. It is sometimes confused with the longitudinal ...

and the depth of the lateral sulcus, at the insula. Its rostral and caudal borders are approximated by the

anterior subcentral sulcus Standard anatomical terms of location are used to unambiguously describe the anatomy of animals, including humans. The terms, typically derived from Latin or Greek language, Greek roots, describe something in its standard anatomical position. Th ...

and the

posterior subcentral sulcus Posterior may refer to: * Posterior (anatomy), the end of an organism opposite to its head ** Buttocks, as a euphemism * Posterior horn (disambiguation) * Posterior probability, the conditional probability that is assigned when the relevant evidenc ...

, respectively. Cytoarchitecturally, it is bounded rostrally, by the

agranular frontal area 6 Brodmann area 6 (BA6) is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain. Situated just anterior to the primary motor cortex ( BA4), it is composed of the premotor cortex and, medially, the supplementary motor area (SMA). This large area of the f ...

, and caudally, for the most part, by the caudal postcentral area 2 and the

supramarginal area 40 Brodmann area 40 (BA40) is part of the parietal cortex in the human brain. The inferior part of BA40 is in the area of the supramarginal gyrus, which lies at the posterior end of the lateral fissure, in the inferior lateral part of the pariet ...

Function

Brodmann Area 43 responds to pressure on the

eardrum In the anatomy of humans and various other tetrapods, the eardrum, also called the tympanic membrane or myringa, is a thin, cone-shaped membrane that separates the external ear The outer ear, external ear, or auris externa is the extern ...

and to oral intake (eating and drinking). Because eating and drinking change pressure on the middle ear and

, Brodmann Area 43 may be the primary somatosensory cortex of the

. However, Brodmann Area 43 is also reported to respond to tactile stimulation of the fingers. In a small (n=11 vs n=9 controls) fMRI study in children with obsessive–compulsive disorder the right Brodmann area 43 was found to have increased connectivity. Additionally, Brodmann Area 43 was found to be functionally active in a study differentiating the roles of the left-frontal and right-cerebellar regions during semantic analysis. Brodmann Area 43 showed a major increase in functional activation by fMRI, when study participants were asked to complete tasks which involved the selection of a verbal response from many possible responses, rather than a sustained search for a verbal response from few possible responses.Gabrieli, John DE, Russell A. Poldrack, and John E. Desmond. "The role of left prefrontal cortex in language and memory." Proceedings of the national Academy of Sciences 95.3 (1998): 906-913.

In lower monkeys

Brodmann initially believed there to be no distinct Area 43 in his map of the lower monkey, the guenon. However, study of the myeloarchitecture of the region, by Theodor Mauss, determined that monkeys possess a structurally distinct area corresponding to the human subcentral area. It was regarded as cytoarchitecturally

homologous Homology may refer to: Sciences Biology *Homology (biology), any characteristic of biological organisms that is derived from a common ancestor *Sequence homology, biological homology between DNA, RNA, or protein sequences * Homologous chrom ...

to area 30 of Mauss in 1908. However, research by Cécile and Oskar Vogt found no distinctive

architectonic Architectonics designates the study or character of various types of structure. It may also, more specifically, refer to: Philosophy *Architectonics in Aristotelian philosophy *Kantian architectonics **C. S. Peirce's adaptation of the Kantian c ...

area of the corresponding location in the guenon.Vogt, Cécile, and Oskar Vogt. Allgemeine ergebnisse unserer hirnforschung. Vol. 25. JA Barth, 1919.

References

External links

* For Neuroanatomy of the subcentral area 43 visi
BrainInfo
{{Prosencephalon 43 Parietal lobe

Location

Function

In lower monkeys

See also

References

External links