''Strongylopus kitumbeine'' (common name: Kitumbeine stream frog) is a species of

frog A frog is any member of a diverse and largely Carnivore, carnivorous group of short-bodied, tailless amphibians composing the order (biology), order Anura (ανοὐρά, literally ''without tail'' in Ancient Greek). The oldest fossil "proto-f ...

s in the family

Pyxicephalidae The Pyxicephalidae are a family of frogs currently found in sub-Saharan Africa. However, in the Eocene, the taxon '' Thaumastosaurus'' lived in Europe. Classification The Pyxicephalidae contain two subfamilies, with a total of 12 genera. This f ...

. It is

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsew ...

Longido District Longido is one of the six districts in the Arusha Region of Tanzania. The District covers an area of . It is bordered to the east by the Ngorongoro District, to the south west by the Monduli District and Southeast by the Arusha Rural District a ...

of Arusha Region of

Tanzania Tanzania (; ), officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( sw, Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It borders Uganda to the north; Kenya to the northeast; Comoro Islands and ...

and only known from its type locality, Kitumbeine Volcano. The species lives at elevations of

above sea level Height above mean sea level is a measure of the vertical distance (height, elevation or altitude) of a location in reference to a historic mean sea level taken as a vertical datum. In geodesy, it is formalized as ''orthometric heights''. The comb ...

along semi-permanent and seasonal streams and around temporary pools in montane '' Juniperus'' forests and tussock grasslands. It survives also in heavily disturbed forest. Breeding takes place in open water. While it is common within its small range, it has been assessed as being " Vulnerable" because of threats from livestock grazing and fire in combination with the small range.

References

Strongylopus Endemic fauna of Tanzania Amphibians of Tanzania Frogs of Africa Amphibians described in 2002 Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Ranoidea-stub