Stod (; german: Staab) is a town in

Plzeň-South District Plzeň-South District ( cs, okres Plzeň-jih)(German: Bezirk Pilsen-Süd) is a district ('' okres'') within the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. Its administrative centre is in Plzeň. The most populated municipality of the district is the to ...

in the

Plzeň Region Plzeň Region ( cs, Plzeňský kraj; german: Pilsner Region) is an administrative unit (''kraj'') in the western part of Bohemia in the Czech Republic. It is named after its capital Plzeň (English, german: Pilsen). In terms of area, Plzeň R ...

of the

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...

. It has about 3,500 inhabitants.

Administrative parts

The village of Lelov is an administrative part of Stod.

Geography

Stod is located about southwest of

Plzeň Plzeň (; German and English: Pilsen, in German ) is a city in the Czech Republic. About west of Prague in western Bohemia, it is the Statutory city (Czech Republic), fourth most populous city in the Czech Republic with about 169,000 inhabita ...

. It lies on the border between the

Plasy Uplands Plasy (; german: Plass) is a town in Plzeň-North District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,800 inhabitants. It is known for its former monastery. Administrative parts Villages of Babina, Horní Hradiště, Lomnička, Neb ...

and

Švihov Highlands Švihov may refer to places in the Czech Republic: * Švihov (Klatovy District), a town in the Plzeň Region ** Švihov Castle in the town * Švihov (Rakovník District), a municipality and village in the Central Bohemian Region *Švihov, a village ...

. The highest point is a hill with an altitude of . The town is situated at the confluence of the

Radbuza The Radbuza (; ) is a river in the Czech Republic, the right source river of the Berounka. Its source is situated at the foot of Lysá mountain (869 metres) near the village of Závist, near Domažlice. It passes through the villages and towns of ...

and Merklínka rivers.

History

The first written mention of Stod is from 1235, when King

Wenceslaus I of Bohemia Wenceslaus I ( cs, Václav I.; c. 1205 – 23 September 1253), called One-Eyed, was King of Bohemia from 1230 to 1253. Wenceslaus was a son of Ottokar I of Bohemia and his second wife Constance of Hungary. Marriage and children In 1224, Wencesl ...

left the village to the Chotěšov Abbey. In 1315,

John of Bohemia John the Blind or John of Luxembourg ( lb, Jang de Blannen; german: link=no, Johann der Blinde; cz, Jan Lucemburský; 10 August 1296 – 26 August 1346), was the Count of Luxembourg from 1313 and King of Bohemia from 1310 and titular King of ...

promoted the village to a

market town A market town is a settlement most common in Europe that obtained by custom or royal charter, in the Middle Ages, a market right, which allowed it to host a regular market; this distinguished it from a village or city. In Britain, small rural ...

. By the period of Charles IV in 1363, the town acquired more privileges, such as a judiciary, the right to use a town seal, and to keep the town's books. In 1544 the town was granted the privilege of establishing a malt-house and a brewery. By 1547 there was a post office and in 1550 Ferdinand I allowed the town to stage an annual fair. The market town was set back by the turmoil of the

Thirty Years' War The Thirty Years' War was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history The history of Europe is traditionally divided into four time periods: prehistoric Europe (prior to about 800 BC), classical antiquity (80 ...

. By 1654, only about 230 residents remained in Stod. Consequently tracts of land were distributed to German families from

Bavaria Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total lan ...

to repopulate the region, which led to

Germanization Germanisation, or Germanization, is the spread of the German language, people and culture. It was a central idea of German conservative thought in the 19th and the 20th centuries, when conservatism and ethnic nationalism went hand in hand. In ling ...

of Stod. By 1850, Stod had grown to approximately 1,500 residents and was promoted to a town. In 1863, a group of 83 people from Stod, led by the former military officer

Martin Krippner Martin Krippner (23 September 1817, Chotěšov (Plzeň-South District), Mantov – 31 January 1894) was a Bohemian-born Austrians, Austrian Captain (OF-2), Captain who led the settlement of Puhoi, New Zealand by German language, German-speaking B ...

, left to settle Puhoi in

New Zealand New Zealand ( mi, Aotearoa ) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and over 700 smaller islands. It is the sixth-largest island count ...

. In 1938, the town was annexed by

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...

and administered as part of

Reichsgau Sudetenland The Reichsgau Sudetenland was an administrative division of Nazi Germany from 1939 to 1945. It comprised the northern part of the '' Sudetenland'' territory, which was annexed from Czechoslovakia according to the 30 September 1938 Munich Agreement. ...

. After

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

, most of the German population was expelled.

Demographics

Notable people

* Arthur Salz (1881–1963), German sociologist and economist * Ilona Uhlíková-Voštová (born 1954), table tennis player * Pavel Soukup (born 1971), athlete

References

External links

* {{authority control Cities and towns in the Czech Republic Populated places in Plzeň-South District