Stjepan Planić (27 December 1900 – 26 December 1980) was a
Croatian architect. His style can be described as a synthesis of
functionalist and
organic
Organic may refer to:
* Organic, of or relating to an organism, a living entity
* Organic, of or relating to an anatomical organ
Chemistry
* Organic matter, matter that has come from a once-living organism, is capable of decay or is the product ...
architecture.
Biography
From 1920 to 1922 he worked for the architect Rudolf Lubinsky and, after 1927, in his own practice in Zagreb. He also studied architecture (1927–31) at the
Academy of Fine Arts Zagreb, in the studio of
Drago Ibler
Drago Ibler (14 August 1894 – 12 September 1964) was a Croatian architect and pedagogue. His style can be described as pure simplicity and functional architecture.
Ibler was born in Zagreb. He gained his diploma in architecture at the Te ...
and in 1931 joined the progressive group founded by Ibler, the
Earth Group.
Planić was a protagonist of the social ideals of modern architecture as well as the aesthetic, and he had a special interest in social or low-cost housing. Ironically, however, he became a sought-after specialist in the design of luxury villas in Zagreb, and was thus marked as a
hypocrite. In answer to this charges, he designed office and residential buildings in the centre of Zagreb, which are characterized by simplicity and functional planning; examples include the residential buildings in Draškovićeva Street (1932), Marinkovićeva Street, Bogovićeva Street (1937) and Martićeva Street (1938). He also wrote three "Letters on housing", in which he explains his working concepts in letters to a housewife.
In 1942 he converted the circular
Arts Pavilion, Trg žrtava fašizma, Zagreb, designed by the sculptor
Ivan Meštrović, into a
mosque by adding three free-standing
minaret
A minaret (; ar, منارة, translit=manāra, or ar, مِئْذَنة, translit=miʾḏana, links=no; tr, minare; fa, گلدسته, translit=goldaste) is a type of tower typically built into or adjacent to mosques. Minarets are generall ...
s around the body of the central cylinder and designing a new interior richly decorated with arabesques. The mosque, a monumental and somewhat bizarre addition to the Central European appearance of its surroundings, was demolished in 1949 for political reasons, and Planić was
anathemized because of it.
After the war, he worked in the Ministry of Construction (1945–1950), Principle Directory of Construction (1950–1952) Secretariat for Construction and Urbanism (1959–1962).
On 30 July 1970 Planić retired but continued with his architectural work. In 1968 he received the
Vladimir Nazor Award for Lifetime Achievement and in 1972 the "Viktor Kovačić" Award for Lifetime Achievement.
References
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Planic, Stjepan
1900 births
1980 deaths
Architects from Zagreb
People from the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia
Academy of Fine Arts, University of Zagreb alumni
Vladimir Nazor Award winners
Burials at Mirogoj Cemetery
20th-century Croatian architects