''Stilpnia'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of
Neotropical
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone.
Definition
In bioge ...
birds in the tanager family
Thraupidae
The tanagers (singular ) comprise the bird family Thraupidae, in the order Passeriformes. The family has a Neotropical distribution and is the second-largest family of birds. It represents about 4% of all avian species and 12% of the Neotropica ...
.
Many of these tanagers have a contrasting cap or hood and most have green or gold and throats.
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Taxonomy and species list
These species were formerly placed in the genus '' Tangara''. A molecular phylogenetic
Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ...
study published in 2014 found that ''Tangara'' was polyphyletic
A polyphyletic group is an assemblage of organisms or other evolving elements that is of mixed evolutionary origin. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as homoplasies, which are explained as a result of converg ...
.monophyletic
In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic gro ...
genera, the genus, ''Stilpnia'', was erected with the black-headed tanager as the type species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ...
. The genus name is from the Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Dark Ages (), the Archaic peri ...
στιλπνή/''stilpni'' meaning "glittering" or "glistening".Silver-backed tanager
The silver-backed tanager (''Stilpnia viridicollis''), also known as the silvery tanager, is a species of bird in the tanager family. It is found in humid highland forests in southern Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. It is regularly spotted at Machu P ...
, ''Stilpnia viridicollis''
* Sira tanager, ''Stilpnia phillipsi''
* Straw-backed tanager
The straw-backed tanager (''Stilpnia argyrofenges''), also known as the green-throated tanager, is a species of bird in the tanager family. It is found in humid highland forests in the Andes of southernmost Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia
, ima ...
, ''Stilpnia argyrofenges''
* Black-capped tanager
The black-capped tanager (''Stilpnia heinei'') is one of the many species of Neotropical bird in the family Thraupidae. It lives in mountains of Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela year-round. This bird can often be found in open landscapes, alone o ...
, ''Stilpnia heinei''
* Golden-hooded tanager, ''Stilpnia larvata''
* Blue-necked tanager, ''Stilpnia cyanicollis''
* Masked tanager, ''Stilpnia nigrocincta''
* Black-backed tanager, ''Stilpnia peruviana''
* Chestnut-backed tanager, ''Stilpnia preciosa''
* Green-capped tanager
The green-capped tanager (''Stilpnia meyerdeschauenseei'') is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae. It is endemic to forest edge and gardens at altitudes of 1450–2200 m. in Puno, Peru, and La Paz, Bolivia. It is fairly common and pos ...
, ''Stilpnia meyerdeschauenseei''
* Scrub tanager, ''Stilpnia vitriolina''
* Burnished-buff tanager, ''Stilpnia cayana''
* Lesser Antillean tanager, ''Stilpnia cucullata''
References
Bird genera
Taxa named by Kevin J. Burns (ornithologist)
Taxa named by Philip Unitt
Taxa named by Nicholas A. Mason
{{Thraupidae-stub