''Staurocalyptus'' is a genus of

sponge Sponges, the members of the phylum Porifera (; meaning 'pore bearer'), are a basal animal clade as a sister of the diploblasts. They are multicellular organisms that have bodies full of pores and channels allowing water to circulate through t ...

. It was

circumscribed In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius. Not every polyg ...

in 1897 by

Isao Ijima was a Japanese zoologist known for his studies of sponges (Porifera) — including his circumscription of the genus ''Staurocalyptus'' — leeches (Hirudinea), flatworms (Turbellaria), birds, and fish. Professor of Zoology at Tokyo Imperial Uni ...

Taxonomy

Ijima 1904 Pl 14 Fig 2 Staurocalyptus pleorhaphides

Ijima circumscribed ''Staurocalyptus'' as a genus in the family

Rossellidae Rossellidae is a family of glass sponges belonging to the order Lyssacinosa. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution and is found at a large range of depths (, and likely deeper). Description The body is usually a cup-like structure. In sta ...

. His initial taxonomy included three newly described species and two transferred from ''Rhabdocalyptus''. Ijimi did not designate a

type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ...

; in 1967 V. M. Koltun designated ''Rhabdocalyptus dowlingi'' as the type species. A 2002 revision of

by K. R. Tabachnick demoted ''Staurocalyptus'' to be a subgenus of '' Acanthascus'' and designated a new

: ''Staurocalyptus glaber'' . However, ,

WoRMS Worms may refer to: *Worm, an invertebrate animal with a tube-like body and no limbs Places *Worms, Germany, a city **Worms (electoral district) *Worms, Nebraska, U.S. *Worms im Veltlintal, the German name for Bormio, Italy Arts and entertainme ...

still classifies ''Staurocalyptus'' as a genus and follows Koltun's type species designation, not that of Tabachnick.

Distribution

Its species are found in the Pacific Ocean, at a depth of .

Species

, WoRMS recognizes the following seventeen species: * '' Staurocalyptus affinis * '' Staurocalyptus celebesianus * ''

Staurocalyptus dowlingi ''Staurocalyptus'' is a genus of sponge. It was circumscribed in 1897 by Isao Ijima. Taxonomy Ijima circumscribed ''Staurocalyptus'' as a genus in the family Rossellidae. His initial taxonomy included three newly described species and two tran ...

'' * '' Staurocalyptus entacanthus'' * '' Staurocalyptus fasciculatus'' * ''

Staurocalyptus fuca ''Staurocalyptus'' is a genus of sponge. It was circumscribed in 1897 by Isao Ijima. Taxonomy Ijima circumscribed ''Staurocalyptus'' as a genus in the family Rossellidae. His initial taxonomy included three newly described species and two tran ...

'' * '' Staurocalyptus glaber'' * ''

Staurocalyptus hamatus ''Staurocalyptus'' is a genus of sponge. It was circumscribed in 1897 by Isao Ijima. Taxonomy Ijima circumscribed ''Staurocalyptus'' as a genus in the family Rossellidae. His initial taxonomy included three newly described species and two tran ...

'' * ''

Staurocalyptus heteractinus ''Staurocalyptus'' is a genus of sponge. It was circumscribed in 1897 by Isao Ijima. Taxonomy Ijima circumscribed ''Staurocalyptus'' as a genus in the family Rossellidae. His initial taxonomy included three newly described species and two tran ...

'' * ''

Staurocalyptus microchetus ''Staurocalyptus'' is a genus of sponge. It was circumscribed in 1897 by Isao Ijima. Taxonomy Ijima circumscribed ''Staurocalyptus'' as a genus in the family Rossellidae. His initial taxonomy included three newly described species and two tran ...

'' * ''

Staurocalyptus pleorhaphides ''Staurocalyptus'' is a genus of sponge. It was circumscribed in 1897 by Isao Ijima. Taxonomy Ijima circumscribed ''Staurocalyptus'' as a genus in the family Rossellidae. His initial taxonomy included three newly described species and two tran ...

'' * ''

Staurocalyptus psilosus ''Staurocalyptus'' is a genus of sponge. It was circumscribed in 1897 by Isao Ijima. Taxonomy Ijima circumscribed ''Staurocalyptus'' as a genus in the family Rossellidae. His initial taxonomy included three newly described species and two tran ...

'' * ''

Staurocalyptus roeperi ''Staurocalyptus'' is a genus of sponge. It was circumscribed in 1897 by Isao Ijima. Taxonomy Ijima circumscribed ''Staurocalyptus'' as a genus in the family Rossellidae. His initial taxonomy included three newly described species and two tran ...

'' * ''

Staurocalyptus rugocruciatus ''Staurocalyptus'' is a genus of sponge. It was circumscribed in 1897 by Isao Ijima. Taxonomy Ijima circumscribed ''Staurocalyptus'' as a genus in the family Rossellidae. His initial taxonomy included three newly described species and two tran ...

'' * ''

Staurocalyptus solidus ''Staurocalyptus'' is a genus of sponge. It was circumscribed in 1897 by Isao Ijima. Taxonomy Ijima circumscribed ''Staurocalyptus'' as a genus in the family Rossellidae. His initial taxonomy included three newly described species and two tran ...

'' * ''

Staurocalyptus tubulosus ''Staurocalyptus'' is a genus of sponge. It was circumscribed in 1897 by Isao Ijima. Taxonomy Ijima circumscribed ''Staurocalyptus'' as a genus in the family Rossellidae. His initial taxonomy included three newly described species and two tran ...

'' * ''

Staurocalyptus tylotus ''Staurocalyptus'' is a genus of sponge. It was circumscribed in 1897 by Isao Ijima. Taxonomy Ijima circumscribed ''Staurocalyptus'' as a genus in the family Rossellidae. His initial taxonomy included three newly described species and two tran ...

Taxonomy

Distribution

Species

References

Further reading