russian: Государственный комитет национальной безопасности , nativename_a = , nativename_r = , type = Special service , seal = , seal_width = , seal_caption = , logo = , logo_width = 100px , logo_caption = , picture = , picture_width = 200 , picture_caption = , formed = November 20, 1993 (original agency)
April 12, 2007 (current form) , preceding1 = KGB of the USSR , preceding2 = KGB of the Kyrgyz SSR , dissolved = , superseding = , jurisdiction =

President of Kyrgyzstan The president of Kyrgyzstan, officially the president of the Kyrgyz Republic (russian: Президент Киргизской Республики; ky, Кыргыз Республикасынын Президенти), is the head of state an ...

, headquarters = 70 Erkindik Street,

Bishkek Bishkek ( ky, Бишкек), ), formerly Pishpek and Frunze, is the capital and largest city of Kyrgyzstan. Bishkek is also the administrative centre of the Chüy Region. The region surrounds the city, although the city itself is not part of ...

Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan,, pronounced or the Kyrgyz Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Asia. Kyrgyzstan is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan to the south, and the People's Republic of China to the east. ...

, coordinates = , motto = , employees = , budget =

Classified information Classified information is material that a government body deems to be sensitive information that must be protected. Access is restricted by law or regulation to particular groups of people with the necessary security clearance and need to know, ...

, minister1_name = , minister1_pfo = , minister2_name = , minister2_pfo = , deputyminister1_name = , deputyminister1_pfo = , deputyminister2_name = , deputyminister2_pfo = , chief1_name =

Kamchybek Tashiev Kamchybek Kydyrshaevich Tashiev ( ky, Камчыбек Кыдыршаевич (Кыдырша уулу) Ташиев, Kamchybek Kydyrshayevich (Kydyrsha uulu) Tashiev; born 27 September 1968) is a Kyrgyzstani politician who was head of the politica ...

, chief1_position = Chairman , chief2_name = , chief2_position = , chief3_name = , chief3_position = , chief4_name = , chief4_position = , chief5_name = , chief5_position = , chief6_name = , chief6_position = , chief7_name = , chief7_position = , chief8_name = , chief8_position = , chief9_name = , chief9_position = , parent_department = , parent_agency = , child1_agency = , child2_agency = , keydocument1 = , website = , map = , map_width = , map_caption = , footnotes = , agency_type = The State Committee for National Security (russian: Государственный комитет национальной безопасности, ГКНБ; ky, Улуттук коопсуздук боюнча мамлекеттик комитети, УKMK; Uluttuk Koopsuzduk Boyuncha Mamlekettik Komiteti, UKMK) is the national agency responsible for intelligence on counter terrorism and organised crime in Kyrgyzstan. In carrying out this task, it carries out both preventive and investigative measures against organized terrorism and crime. The chairman of the UKMK is a military officer and a member of the

Security Council of Kyrgyzstan The Security Council of Kyrgyzstan (, ) is a political/constitutional body in the Office of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic. Its tasks are to consider internal and external threats to Kyrgyzstan and maintaining its security and defense. Being ...

. It is currently based on 70 Erkindik Street,

Official tasks

The activities of the UKMK include: * Conducting counterintelligence * Gathering intelligence (usually against terrorist groups and drug traffickers) * Securing information * Suppress the activities of harmful organizations * Uncovering espionage and corrupt activities * Extraction and deliver secret information related to organized criminal and terrorist groups * Carry out the protection of the state border * Carry out the protection of economic and legal interests in

* Encrypted communication systems for government institutions

History

The history of the modern Kyrgyz intelligence services dates back to December 1917, when the All-Russian Emergency Commission (VChK) was formed. A year later, on the Pishpek district investigation commission was established. After national delimitation occurred in the early 1920s, Regional

State Political Directorate The State Political Directorate (also translated as the State Political Administration) (GPU) was the intelligence service and secret police of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) from February 6, 1922, to December 29, 1922, ...

of the Kara-Kyrgyz Autonomous Oblast was created. Later on the Committee for State Security (KGB) of the Kyrgyz SSR was formed, which served as the republican affiliate for the national

KGB The KGB (russian: links=no, lit=Committee for State Security, Комитет государственной безопасности (КГБ), a=ru-KGB.ogg, p=kəmʲɪˈtʲet ɡəsʊˈdarstvʲɪn(ː)əj bʲɪzɐˈpasnəsʲtʲɪ, Komitet gosud ...

agency. On 20 November 1991, President

Askar Akayev Askar Akayevich Akayev ( ky, Аскар Акаевич (Акай уулу) Акаев, translit=Askar Akayevich (Akay Uulu) Akayev ; ; born 10 November 1944) is a Kyrgyz politician who served as President of Kyrgyzstan from 1990 until being ov ...

signed a presidential decree establishing the UKMK. Since 2007, the State Committee for National Security has been operating in its current form. In August 2002, the

State Border Guard Service The Border Guard Service of the State Committee for National Security of the Kyrgyz Republic also commonly known as the Kyrgyz Frontier Force is the border guard of the Kyrgyz Republic. It is currently a Public Service department of the government ...

was established as a part of the UKMK, having been merged with the Main Border Guard Directorate of the

Ministry of Defense {{unsourced, date=February 2021 A ministry of defence or defense (see spelling differences), also known as a department of defence or defense, is an often-used name for the part of a government responsible for matters of defence, found in states ...

and the Main Directorate of Border Control of the UKMK that day. This was done to have a more centralised intelligence system in Kyrgyzstan. In the years that followed, the UKMK would have little influence on the border guard service until it was finally removed from the National Security Committee on 4 September 2012, it was and was re-established as an independent department in the government.

Special Forces

The UKMK controls the Alpha anti-terrorist unit, which like all former Soviet countries refers to a top-secret

special forces Special forces and special operations forces (SOF) are military units trained to conduct special operations. NATO has defined special operations as "military activities conducted by specially designated, organized, selected, trained and equip ...

unit. The unit helps deliver on the tasks listed above. In August 2010, fighters of the unit went on strike in protest against the arrest of their former chief Almaz Dzholdoshaliyev. They appealed to President

Roza Otunbayeva Roza Isakovna Otunbayeva (Kyrgyz: Роза Исаковна (Исак кызы) Отунбаева, Roza Isakovna (Isak kyzy) Otunbayeva; born August 23, 1950) is a Kyrgyz diplomat and politician who served as the President of Kyrgyzstan from 7 A ...

with a demand to change the measure of restraint for the detained UKMK officers. In response, the Prosecutor General's Office opened criminal cases against nine employees of the unit, accusing them of shooting at demonstrators during the

Kyrgyz Revolution of 2010 The Kyrgyz Revolution of 2010, also known as the Second Kyrgyz Revolution, the Melon Revolution, the April Events ( ''Aprel okuyasy'') or officially as the People's April Revolution, began in April 2010 with the ousting of Kyrgyz president Kur ...

Criticisms

Political repression

Following his party's success in the

2010 Kyrgyz parliamentary election Early parliamentary elections were held in Kyrgyzstan on 10 October 2010. All 120 seats of the Supreme Council were elected by the party list system.Kamchybek Tashiev Kamchybek Kydyrshaevich Tashiev ( ky, Камчыбек Кыдыршаевич (Кыдырша уулу) Ташиев, Kamchybek Kydyrshayevich (Kydyrsha uulu) Tashiev; born 27 September 1968) is a Kyrgyzstani politician who was head of the politica ...

was burglarized. He later stated to ''

Al Jazeera Al Jazeera ( ar, الجزيرة, translit-std=DIN, translit=al-jazīrah, , "The Island") is a state-owned Arabic-language international radio and TV broadcaster of Qatar. It is based in Doha and operated by the media conglomerate Al Jazeera ...

'' that "they broke in like bandits" and "tried to eliminate me", adding that "for sure, GSNB ecurity serviceswas behind these actions." Tashiev later became Chairman of the UKMK.

Chairman

Idris Kadyrkulov Idris may refer to: People * Idris (name), a list of people and fictional characters with the given name or surname * Idris (prophet), Islamic prophet in the Qur'an, traditionally identified with Enoch, an ancestor of Noah in the Bible * Idris G ...

(20 April 2018 – 15 May 2019) * Orozbek Opumbayev (June 2019 – 9 October 2020) *

(since 16 October 2020)

Awards

Since its establishment, the UKMK has sported many commemorative awards such as the following: * Breastplate "70 years of the Chief Directorate of the National Security Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic in the city of Bishkek" * Breastplate "Mildet" to order * Medal "100 years of Kyrgyz security services"

Related security services in foreign countries

* –

Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation The Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation (FSB) RF; rus, Федеральная служба безопасности Российской Федерации (ФСБ России), Federal'naya sluzhba bezopasnosti Rossiyskoy Feder ...

* –

Federal Bureau of Investigation The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States and its principal federal law enforcement agency. Operating under the jurisdiction of the United States Department of Justice, ...

* –

Shin Bet The Israel Security Agency (ISA; he, שֵׁירוּת הַבִּיטָּחוֹן הַכְּלָלִי; ''Sherut ha-Bitaẖon haKlali''; "the General Security Service"; ar, جهاز الأمن العام), better known by the acronym Shabak ( he, ...

* –

Security Service of Ukraine The Security Service of Ukraine ( uk, Служба безпеки України, translit=Sluzhba bezpeky Ukrainy}) or SBU ( uk, СБУ, link=no) is the law enforcement authority and main intelligence and security agency of the Ukrainian ...

* –

State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus The State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus (KGB RB; russian: Комитет государственной безопасности Республики Беларусь, КГБ РБ; be, Камітэт дзяржаўнай бяс ...

* –

National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan The National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan (NSC) is an intelligence agency in Kazakhstan. It was founded on 13 July 1992. It primarily manages the Border Service of Kazakhstan, which conducts oversight over the international bo ...

* –

General Directorate for Internal Security The General Directorate for Internal Security (french: link=no, Direction générale de la Sécurité intérieure, DGSI) is a French security agency. It is charged with counter-espionage, counter-terrorism, countering cybercrime and surveilla ...

and

Directorate-General for External Security The General Directorate for External Security (french: link=no, Direction générale de la Sécurité extérieure, DGSE) is France's foreign intelligence agency, equivalent to the British MI6 and the American CIA, established on 2 April 1982. ...

References

External links

Official site of the GKNB
{{National intelligence agencies Military of Kyrgyzstan Intelligence agencies Secret police Government of Kyrgyzstan Law enforcement in Kyrgyzstan