Staritsky District (russian: Ста́рицкий райо́н) is an administrative
and municipal
[Law #4-ZO] district (
raion
A raion (also spelt rayon) is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet states. The term is used for both a type of subnational entity and a division of a city. The word is from the French (meaning 'honeycomb, department'), and is co ...
), one of the
thirty-six in
Tver Oblast
Tver Oblast (russian: Тверска́я о́бласть, ''Tverskaya oblast'', ), from 1935 to 1990 known as Kalinin Oblast (), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Tver. It was named after Mikhai ...
,
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
. It is located in the central and southern parts of the
oblast
An oblast (; ; Cyrillic (in most languages, including Russian and Ukrainian): , Bulgarian: ) is a type of administrative division of Belarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Ukraine, as well as the Soviet Union and the Kingdom of ...
and borders with
Kuvshinovsky District
Kuvshinovsky District (russian: Кувши́новский райо́н) is an administrative and municipalLaw #4-ZO district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast and borders with Vyshn ...
in the north,
Torzhoksky District
Torzhoksky District (russian: Торжо́кский райо́н) is an administrative and municipalLaw #4-ZO district ( raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast and borders with Spirovsky ...
in the northeast,
Kalininsky District in the east,
Lotoshinsky District
Lotoshinsky District (russian: Лотоши́нский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #59/2005-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the oblast ...
of
Moscow Oblast
Moscow Oblast ( rus, Моско́вская о́бласть, r=Moskovskaya oblast', p=mɐˈskofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ), or Podmoskovye ( rus, Подмоско́вье, p=pədmɐˈskovʲjə, literally "under Moscow"), is a federal subject of Rus ...
in the southeast,
Zubtsovsky District
Zubtsovsky District (russian: Зубцо́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipalLaw #4-ZO district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast and borders with Staritsky Dis ...
in the south,
Rzhevsky District
Rzhevsky District (russian: Рже́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipalLaw #4-ZO district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast and borders with Staritsky District ...
in the southwest, and with
Selizharovsky District
Selizharovsky District (russian: Селижа́ровский райо́н) is an administrative and municipalLaw #4-ZO district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the western central part of the oblast and bo ...
in the west. The area of the district is .
Its
administrative center
An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune
A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or ...
is the
town
A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world.
Origin and use
The word "town" shares an ori ...
of
Staritsa Staritsa (russian: Старица) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.
Modern localities
;Urban localities
* Staritsa (town), Tver Oblast, a town in Staritsky District of Tver Oblast
;Rural localities
* Staritsa, Astrakhan Obla ...
.
Population: 24,056 (
2010 Census);
The population of Staritsa accounts for 35.8% of the district's total population.
Geography
The whole area of the district belongs to the drainage basin of the
Volga River
The Volga (; russian: Во́лга, a=Ru-Волга.ogg, p=ˈvoɫɡə) is the List of rivers of Europe#Rivers of Europe by length, longest river in Europe. Situated in Russia, it flows through Central Russia to Southern Russia and into the Cas ...
. The Volga itself crosses the district from southwest to northeast, and the town of Staritsa is located on its banks. Rivers in the southeast of the district drain into the
Shosha, a major right tributary of the Volga. A short stretch of the Shosha crosses the southwestern corner of the district. More than 50% of the area of the district is forested.
History
Staritsa was founded by Prince
Mikhail of Tver
Mikhail Yaroslavich (russian: Михаил Ярославич) (1271 – 22 November 1318), also known as Michael of Tver, was a Prince of Tver (from 1285) who ruled as Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1304 until 1314 and again from 1315–1318. ...
in 1297 as Novy Gorod (known as Staritsa since the 14th century). At the time, the area belonged to
Principality of Tver
The Principality of Tver (russian: Тверское княжество, la, TferiaePrincipality of Zubtsov
A principality (or sometimes princedom) can either be a monarchical feudatory or a sovereign state, ruled or reigned over by a regnant-monarch with the title of prince and/or princess, or by a monarch with another title considered to fall under ...
, which was eventually was merged back into Principlality of Tver. In 1485 it was formally annexed by the
Grand Duchy of Moscow
The Grand Duchy of Moscow, Muscovite Russia, Muscovite Rus' or Grand Principality of Moscow (russian: Великое княжество Московское, Velikoye knyazhestvo Moskovskoye; also known in English simply as Muscovy from the Lati ...
. Between 1519 and 1597
Principality of Staritsa, subordinate to Moscow, existed with the capital in Staritsa.
Limestone (called ''Staritsa marble'') was mined in quarries near Staritsa starting from 13th century.
In the course of the
administrative reform carried out in 1708 by
Peter the Great
Peter I ( – ), most commonly known as Peter the Great,) or Pyotr Alekséyevich ( rus, Пётр Алексе́евич, p=ˈpʲɵtr ɐlʲɪˈksʲejɪvʲɪtɕ, , group=pron was a Russian monarch who ruled the Tsardom of Russia from t ...
, the area was included into
Ingermanlandia Governorate (since 1710 known as Saint Petersburg Governorate), and in 1727
Novgorod Governorate
Novgorod Governorate (Pre-reformed rus, Новгоро́дская губе́рнія, r=Novgorodskaya guberniya, p=ˈnofɡərətskəjə ɡʊˈbʲernʲɪjə, t=Government of Novgorod), was an administrative division (a '' guberniya'') of the Ru ...
split off. In 1775,
Tver Viceroyalty
Tver Viceroyalty (russian: link=no, Тверское наместничество, ''Tverskoye namestnichestvo'') was an administrative division of the Russian Empire, which existed from 1775 until 1796. Its seat was in Tver. In 1796, it was tran ...
was formed from the lands which previously belonged to
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
and Novgorod Governorates, and the area was transferred to Tver Viceroyalty, which in 1796 was transformed to
Tver Governorate
Tver Governorate (russian: Тверская губерния, ''Tverskaya guberniya'') was an administrative division (a ''guberniya'') of the Russian Empire and Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, Russian SFSR, which existed from 1796 ...
. In 1775,
Staritsky Uyezd Staritsky Uyezd (''Старицкий уезд'') was one of the subdivisions of the Tver Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the southcentral part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Staritsa.
Demographics
At the ti ...
was established, with the center in Staritsa. Much of the area of the district belonged to Staritsky Uyezd. The southern part of the District belonged to
Zubtsovsky Uyezd Zubtsovsky Uyezd (''Зубцовский уезд'') was one of the subdivisions of the Tver Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the southern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Zubtsov.
Demographics
At the time ...
, also established in 1775. On 3 March 1924, Staritsky Uyezd was abolished and split between
Novotorzhsky,
Rzhevsky, and
Tverskoy Uyezd Tverskoy Uyezd (''Тверской уезд'') was one of the subdivisions of the Tver Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northeastern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Tver.
Demographics
At the time of t ...
s.
On 12 July 1929, governorates and uyezds were abolished, and Staritsky District with the administrative center in the town of Staritsa was established. It belonged to
Rzhev Okrug
Rzhev ( rus, Ржев, p=ˈrʐɛf) is a town in Tver Oblast, Russia, located southwest of Staritsa and from Tver, on the highway and railway connecting Moscow and Riga. It is the uppermost town situated on the Volga River. Population:
Histor ...
of
Western Oblast
Western Oblast (russian: Западная область, ''Zapadnaya oblast'') was an ''oblast'' (a first-level administrative and municipal unit) of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1929 to 1937. Its seat was in the city ...
.
On August 1, 1930 the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were subordinated directly to the oblast. On 29 January 1935
Kalinin Oblast
Tver Oblast (russian: Тверска́я о́бласть, ''Tverskaya oblast'', ), from 1935 to 1990 known as Kalinin Oblast (), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Tver. It was named after Mikhai ...
was established, and Staritsky District was transferred to Kalinin Oblast.
During World War II, in 1941—1942, a considerable part of the district, including Staritsa, was occupied by German troops. In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast.
On 12 July 1929
Yemelyanovsky District, with the center in the
selo of
Yemelyanovo was created as well. It was a part of Tver Okrug of Moscow Oblast. On 29 January 1935 Yemelyanovsky District was transferred to Kalinin Oblast. On 4 July 1956 Yemelyanovsky District was abolished and split between Kalininsky, Staritsky,
Turginovsky, and
Vysokovsky Districts.
Another district created on 12 July 1929 was
Lukovnikovsky District, with the center in the selo of
Lukovnikovo. It was a part of Rzhev Okrug of Western Oblast. On 29 January 1935 Lukovnikovsky District was transferred to Kalinin Oblast. On 14 November 1960 Lukovnikovsky District was abolished and split between
Kirovsky,
Novotorzhsky, Staritsky, and Rzhevsky Districts.
On 12 July 1929
Vysokovsky District, with the center in the settlement of
Vysokoye was created as well. It was a part of Rzhev Okrug of Western Oblast. In 1930, it was abolished. On 1 June 1936, the district was re-established. On 13 February 1963 Vysokovsky District was abolished and merged into Staritsky District.
Later, its northern part was transferred to Torzhoksky District.
Economy
Industry
The two biggest enterprises of the district are located in Staritsa. One produces hydraulic devices for aviation industry, another one performs heat treatment of metal.
Agriculture
The main agricultural specialization of the district is cattle breeding with meat and milk production.
Transportation
A railway connecting
Torzhok
Torzhok (russian: Торжо́к) is a town in Tver Oblast, Russia, located on the Tvertsa River along the federal highway M10 and a branch of the Oktyabrskaya Railway division of the Russian Railways. The town is famous for its folk craft of g ...
and
Rzhev
Rzhev ( rus, Ржев, p=ˈrʐɛf) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, town in Tver Oblast, Russia, located southwest of Staritsa (town), Tver Oblast, Staritsa and from Tver, on the highway and railway connecting Moscow and Riga. It ...
crosses the district from northeast to southwest. The biggest station within the district is
Staritsa railway station, located about a dozen kilometers northeast of the town of Staritsa.
A paved road connecting
Tver
Tver ( rus, Тверь, p=tvʲerʲ) is a city and the administrative centre of Tver Oblast, Russia. It is northwest of Moscow. Population:
Tver was formerly the capital of a powerful medieval state and a model provincial town in the Russian ...
to Rzhev crosses the district and passes through Staritsa, where there is a bridge over the Volga. Another road connects Staritsa with Torzhok via
Bernovo. There are also local roads with bus traffic originating from Staritsa.
The Volga is navigable but there is no passenger navigation.
Culture and recreation
The district contains 95 cultural heritage monuments of federal significance (37 of them in Staritsa) and additionally 346 objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance (121 of them in Staritsa). The federal monuments include, in particular, the ensemble of the center of the town of Staritsa (with
Dormition Monastery), the
Bernovo Estate in the village of
Bernovo, the Transfiguration Church and the
Krasnoye Estate in the village of
Krasnoye, the
Bratkovo-Ivanovskoye Estate in the
selo of
Ivanovskoye, the
Pervitino Estate in the selo of
Pervitino, the
Chukavino Estate in the selo of
Chukavino, as well as the several archeological sites.
There are three museums in the district. In the town of Staritsa, the Staritsa District museum concentrates on the history of the area. In Bernovo, the Alexander Pushkin Museum is open.
Alexander Pushkin
Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin (; rus, links=no, Александр Сергеевич ПушкинIn pre-Revolutionary script, his name was written ., r=Aleksandr Sergeyevich Pushkin, p=ɐlʲɪkˈsandr sʲɪrˈɡʲe(j)ɪvʲɪtɕ ˈpuʂkʲɪn, ...
, a Russian poet considered to be a creator of the modern Russian language, visited the Bernovo Estate owned by his friends on several occasions. In the village of
Ryasnya, where in a nearby estate the vice-admiral
Vladimir Kornilov
Vice Admiral Vladimir Alexeyevich Kornilov (; 13 February 1806 – 17 October 1854) was a Russian naval officer who took part in the Crimean War and is known for his battle against the Pervaz-ı Bahrî in what is considered the first battle ...
was born, a memorial museum was opened.
References
Notes
Sources
*
*
{{Authority control
Districts of Tver Oblast