Stanisław Antoni Szczuka h. Grabie (1654 – May 19, 1710) was a Polish noble ( szlachcic), talented politician and political writer. Stanisław Antoni was son of a serviceman Stanisław Szczuka h. Grabie and Zofia Szpilewska de domo Neronowiczów. His father was taken hostage by Russians during the Russo-Polish War. Stanisław Antoni had two siblings: brother Gracjan Michał and sister Anna. He married Konstancja Maria Anna Potocka h. Piława on February 6, 1695, the daughter of starost of Janów Bogusław Potocki h. Piława. He was a Recorder of the Crown (referendarz koronny) in 1688, deputy of

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and, after 1791, as the Commonwealth of Poland, was a bi-confederal state, sometimes called a federation, of Crown of the Kingdom of ...

Ducal Prussia The Duchy of Prussia (german: Herzogtum Preußen, pl, Księstwo Pruskie, lt, Prūsijos kunigaikštystė) or Ducal Prussia (german: Herzogliches Preußen, link=no; pl, Prusy Książęce, link=no) was a duchy in the region of Prussia establishe ...

in 1690,

Deputy Chancellor of Lithuania Chancellor of Poland ( pl, Kanclerz - , from la, cancellarius) was one of the highest officials in the historic Poland. This office functioned from the early Polish kingdom of the 12th century until the end of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwea ...

from 1699. Szczuka was born to a middle-class

szlachta The ''szlachta'' (Polish: endonym, Lithuanian: šlėkta) were the noble estate of the realm in the Kingdom of Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth who, as a class, had the dominating position in the ...

family and educated in

Wilno Vilnius ( , ; see also #Etymology and other names, other names) is the capital and List of cities in Lithuania#Cities, largest city of Lithuania, with a population of 592,389 (according to the state register) or 625,107 (according to the munic ...

and

Kraków Kraków (), or Cracow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city dates back to the seventh century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596 ...

. Because of his own ability and hard work he achieved high offices in the

Republic A republic () is a "state in which power rests with the people or their representatives; specifically a state without a monarchy" and also a "government, or system of government, of such a state." Previously, especially in the 17th and 18th c ...

. He began his political career in 1675 as secretary of King

Jan III Sobieski John III Sobieski ( pl, Jan III Sobieski; lt, Jonas III Sobieskis; la, Ioannes III Sobiscius; 17 August 1629 – 17 June 1696) was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1674 until his death in 1696. Born into Polish nobility, Sobie ...

. In 1696 he became an adviser to August II. In 1706 he changed sides and became a supporter of

Stanisław Leszczyński Stanisław I Leszczyński (; lt, Stanislovas Leščinskis; french: Stanislas Leszczynski; 20 October 1677 – 23 February 1766), also Anglicized and Latinized as Stanislaus I, was twice King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, and at v ...

. He was a notable political writer and Sejm orator. He also proposed the opening of public schools free of charge. As

Sejm Marshal The Marshal of the Sejm , also known as Sejm Marshal, Chairman of the Sejm or Speaker of the Sejm ( pl, Marszałek Sejmu, ) is the speaker (chair) of the Sejm, the lower house of the Polish Parliament. The office traces its origins to the 15th ...

he led the extraordinary

Sejm The Sejm (English: , Polish: ), officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (Polish: ''Sejm Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej''), is the lower house of the bicameral parliament of Poland. The Sejm has been the highest governing body of t ...

on November 17, 1688 – April 1, 1689 and the pacification Sejm on June 16–30, 1699 in

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

. He died on May 19, 1710 in

and was buried in

Szczuczyn Szczuczyn is a town in Grajewo County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland. As of 2004, it has a population of 3,602. History The town is located in the north-eastern outskirts of Mazovia, which has been part of Poland since the establishment of t ...

Works

* ''Respons posła bez interesu na informację paszkwilową pseudo ministrów status'' (1688) * ''Responsum illustrissimis et excellentissimis dominis comiti Weling et secretario status Hermelino, legatis Sueciae, gratulantibus pacem Saxonicam serenissimo Stanislao regi Poloniae, nomine eiusdem'' (1706) * ''Contestatio gratiarum sacrae regiae majestati Sueciae, a senatorio et equestri ordine Poloniae, per... exhibita, in Saxonia in pago Alt-Ransteda'', brak miejsca wydania (1706) * ''Eciipsis Poloniae Orbi Publice Demonstrata'' (1709) * ''Powitanie od Izby poselskiej króla Jegomości... na sejmie roku 1699''

Marriage and issue

Stanisław Antoni married Konstancja Maria Anna Potocka h. Piława on 6 February 1695 and had five children: * August Michal Szczuka * Marcin Leopold Stefan Szczuka (1698–1728), starost of Wąwolnica, owner of and

Biłgoraj Biłgoraj ( yi, בילגאריי, ''Bilgoray'', ua, Білґорай) is a town in south-eastern Poland with 25,838 inhabitants as of December 2021. Since 1999 it has been situated in Lublin Voivodeship; it was previously located in Zamość V ...

and Wieksznie * Jan Konsty Szczuka (died 1726), owner of Biłgoraj, married Princess Salomeja Sapieha h. Lis * Wiktoria Szczuka, married general and

miecznik Swordbearer (Polish: ''miecznik'') was a court office in Poland. Responsible for the arsenal of the King and for carrying his sword. Since the 14th Century an honorable title of the district office, in Kingdom of Poland and after Union of Lublin i ...

of the Crown Jan Stanisław Kątski h. Brochwicz, the son of voivode of Kijów (

Kyiv Kyiv, also spelled Kiev, is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine. It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2021, its population was 2,962,180, making Kyiv the List of European cities by populat ...

, also Kiev) Marcin Kazimierz Kątski h. Brochwicz * Maria Anna Szczuka

Bibliography

* Polski Słownik Biograficzny Vol. 47 p. 469 * Bibliografia Literatury Polskiej – Nowy Korbut, t. 3 Piśmiennictwo Staropolskie, Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, Warszawa 1965, s. 309-310 *

References

External links

* http://www.wilanow-palac.pl/antoni_stanislaw_szczuka_zaufany_sekretarz_jana_iii_sobieskiego.html * http://www.bilp.uw.edu.pl/ti/1862/foto/nn16.htm * http://www.bilgoraj.lbl.pl/hist/wlasciciele/stanislaw_szczuka.php *
Works by Stanisław Antoni Szczuka
in digital library

Polona Polona is a Polish digital library, which provides digitized books, magazines, graphics, maps, music, fliers and manuscripts from collections of the National Library of Poland and co-operating institutions. It began its operation in 2006. Colle ...

Secular senators of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1650s births 1710 deaths 17th-century Polish nobility Polish political writers Deputy Chancellors of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania {{Poland-politician-stub