The Stal-2 was a Russian mid-range passenger aircraft.

Development and design

The Stal-2 was designed by the OOS (''Otdel Opytnogo Samolyetostroeniya'' – section for experimental aircraft construction), the part of the NII GVF (''Nauchno-issledovatel'sky Institut Grazdahnskovo Vozdushnogo Flota'' – civil air fleet scientific research institute), and built at

Tushino Tushino ( rus, Тушино, p=ˈtuʂɨnə) is a former village and town to the north of Moscow, which has been part of the city's area since 1960. Between 1939 and 1960, Tushino was classed as a separate town. The Skhodnya River flows across the ...

GAZ-81 (''Gosudarstvenny Aviatsionnyy Zavod'' – Tushino state aviation factory). It was a high-wing braced

monoplane A monoplane is a fixed-wing aircraft configuration with a single mainplane, in contrast to a biplane or other types of multiplanes, which have multiple planes. A monoplane has inherently the highest efficiency and lowest drag of any wing confi ...

with an enclosed

cockpit A cockpit or flight deck is the area, usually near the front of an aircraft or spacecraft, from which a Pilot in command, pilot controls the aircraft. The cockpit of an aircraft contains flight instruments on an instrument panel, and the ...

and

passenger A passenger (also abbreviated as pax) is a person who travels in a vehicle, but does not bear any responsibility for the tasks required for that vehicle to arrive at its destination or otherwise operate the vehicle, and is not a steward. The ...

cabin, constructed of ''Enerzh-6''

stainless steel Stainless steel is an alloy of iron that is resistant to rusting and corrosion. It contains at least 11% chromium and may contain elements such as carbon, other nonmetals and metals to obtain other desired properties. Stainless steel's corros ...

. Trial flights began in 1931, but due to the experimental technology being used in its design and construction, production did not begin until 1934. 111 were produced before being replaced in 1935 on the production line by the Stal-3. The prototype was powered by an imported

Wright J-6 The Wright Whirlwind was a family of air-cooled radial aircraft engines built by Wright Aeronautical (originally an independent company, later a division of Curtiss-Wright). The family began with nine-cylinder engines, and later expanded to inc ...

, early production aircraft used Bessonov M-26 engines with the bulk of production using Nazarov MG-31 engines.
In 1934 the plane was shown at the 14th

Paris Air Show The Paris Air Show (french: Salon international de l'aéronautique et de l'espace de Paris-Le Bourget, Salon du Bourget) is a trade fair and air show held in odd years at Paris–Le Bourget Airport in north Paris, France. Organized by the French ...

Variants

* Stal-2 bis – A single Stal-2 bis was built with

frise aileron An aileron (French for "little wing" or "fin") is a hinged flight control surface usually forming part of the trailing edge of each wing of a fixed-wing aircraft. Ailerons are used in pairs to control the aircraft in roll (or movement around t ...

s.Gunston, Bill. "The Osprey Encyclopaedia of Russian Aircraft 1875–1995". London, Osprey. 1995.

Operators

; *

Aeroflot PJSC AeroflotRussian Airlines (russian: ПАО "Аэрофло́т — Росси́йские авиали́нии", ), commonly known as Aeroflot ( or ; russian: Аэрофлот, , ), is the flag carrier and the largest airline of Russia. The ...

Specifications

References

* History of aircraft construction in the USSR, V.B.Shavrov; * Gunston, Bill. "The Osprey Encyclopaedia of Russian Aircraft 1875–1995". London, Osprey. 1995. {{refend

External links