Jurriaan Andriessen (1742-1819), by Reinier Vinkeles

Reinier Vinkeles - Amsterdam 1768 - Naamen der Leden van de Academie en Stellers van het Model

The Stadstekenacademie ("City Drawing Academy", contemporaneous spelling: ''Stads Teekenacademie'', ''Teeken-Academie'' or ''Akademie der Teekenkunst'') was an 18th-century

art academy An art school is an educational institution with a primary focus on the visual arts, including fine art – especially illustration, painting, photography, sculpture, and graphic design. Art schools can offer elementary, secondary, post-second ...

Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the Capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population ...

. It was the precursor of the ''Koninklijke Academie'' (established 1822) and the ''

Rijksakademie van beeldende kunsten The Rijksakademie van beeldende kunsten (State Academy of Fine Arts) was founded in 1870 in Amsterdam. It is a classical academy, a place where philosophers, academics and artists meet to test and exchange ideas and knowledge. The school supports ...

'' (established 1870). Other Dutch towns such as

Haarlem Haarlem (; predecessor of ''Harlem'' in English) is a city and municipality in the Netherlands. It is the capital of the province of North Holland. Haarlem is situated at the northern edge of the Randstad, one of the most populated metropoli ...

also had a drawing academy."Stadstekenacademie te Amsterdam, 1764-1767, Reinier Vinkeles, 1768"
Rijksmuseum Amsterdam (Dutch) Artists such as

Cornelis Apostool Cornelis Apostool (; 6 August 1762 – 10 February 1844) was a Dutch artist, diplomat, and museum director. Biography Cornelis Apostool was born on 6 August 1762 in Amsterdam in the Dutch Republic. His father was Jan Apostool, a Mennonite and a ...

Jan Willem Pieneman Jan Willem Pieneman (; 4 November 1779 – 8 April 1853) was a painter from the Northern Netherlands. Biography Jan Willem Pieneman was born on 4 November 1779 in Abcoude in the Dutch Republic (present-day Netherlands). Initially, he worked ...

and

Wouter Johannes van Troostwijk Wouter Johannes van Troostwijk (28 May 1782, Amsterdam - 20 September 1810, Amsterdam) was a Dutch painter and etcher. Most of his works are landscapes (featuring cattle) or cityscapes. Biography He was born into a wealthy family. His father, ...

were educated at the academy."Derde prijs voor Wouda Piera"
Amsterdam Museum (Dutch) The primary intention was not to train students to become artists, but rather to bring youth into contact with art as part of their education. There was no formal structure to the education, although students were divided into three stages and were required to attended classes twice a week.Jaap van der Tas, "Dilettantism and Academies of Art: The Netherlands Example", in Judith H. Balfe (red.), ''Paying the Piper: Causes and Consequences of Art Patronage'', University of Illinois Press, 1993, pp. 44-46 The academy organised a yearly drawing competition, awarding the winners gold, silver and bronze medals. The academy had a number of "honorary members" — non-artists, usually wealthy, influential ''

regenten In the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries, the regenten (the Dutch plural for ''regent'') were the rulers of the Dutch Republic, the leaders of the Dutch cities or the heads of organisations (e.g. "regent of an orphanage"). Though not formally a heredi ...

'' (members of the ruling class), who could ensure that the academy would be properly housed, and who could finance art supplies and the prizes of the annual competition. In exchange, the ''regenten'' received social status from their honorary membership. They could also use the academy for social gatherings, or to receive foreign guests in an impressive manner.

History

The academy was established in 1718 as the ''Oefenschool der Tekenkunst'' ("practice school of draughtsmanship"). In 1741, the school was renamed ''Tekenacademie'' on the initiative of

Jan Maurits Quinkhard Jan Maurits Quinkhard (28 January 1688 – 11 November 1772) was an 18th-century painter and print designer from the Northern Netherlands. Biography Quinkhard was born in the town of Rees, Germany, Rees, near Cleves. He was a Dutch painter and ...

and others. The early history was marked by frequent arguments between members, which led most to abandon the school again. However, a new start was made in 1750 with 20 artists and ''regenten'' who were art collectors or

patrons Patronage is the support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows on another. In the history of art, arts patronage refers to the support that kings, popes, and the wealthy have provided to artists su ...

to the arts. The ''Stadstekenacademie'' was housed in a former city gate, the ''

Leidsepoort The Leidsepoort is a former landmark city gate in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, formerly located at what today is the Leidseplein. It was built in 1664 after a design by the city architect Daniël Stalpaert Daniël Stalpaert or Daniel Stalpert (16 ...

'', as seen on a 1764 print by

Reinier Vinkeles Reinier Vinkeles (1741 – 1816) was an 18th-century painter and engraver from the Northern Netherlands, who was the teacher of several talented artists. Biography Vinkeles was born in 1741, in Amsterdam. He studied for some ten years with Jan ...

. On 4 December 1767 the school related to two chambers in the Amsterdam town hall."Namenlijst van de intekenaren op de prent van de stadstekenacademie te Amsterdam, 1764-1767, Reinier Vinkeles, 1768"
Rijksmuseum Amsterdam (Dutch)Joannes Maria Antonius Noordman, Marjoke Rietveld-van Wingerden, Petronella Catharina Maria Bakker, Marjoke Rietveld-van Wingerden, ''Vijf eeuwen opvoeden in Nederland'', Uitgeverij Van Gorcum, 2010, p. 186 (Dutch) The academy did not have any formal structure until 1765. From that year onwards, non-artists were also asked to serve as director of the school. In 1766-1767 the academy counted 49 artist members and 25 honorary members (non-artists) — a sign that, one year after the formalisation, the academy was doing well. The school continued to exist until 1822, when King

William I of the Netherlands William I (Willem Frederik, Prince of Orange-Nassau; 24 August 1772 – 12 December 1843) was a Prince of Orange, the King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg. He was the son of the last Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, who we ...

established the ''Koninklijke Academie'' ("royal academy"), succeeded in 1870 by the ''

'' ("state academy of fine arts").

Members

Founders, directors and teachers

* Jurriaen Andriessen *

Jacobus Buys Jacobus Buys (19 November 1724 – 7 April 1801) was a Dutch painter and engraver. Buys was born in Amsterdam the son of a wig-maker. He studied under Cornelis Pronk, Jacob de Wit, and Cornelis Troost, and ultimately became director of the Ams ...

* Hendrick van Cuychem *

Jacob Otten Husly Jacob Otten Husly (16 November 1738 – 11 January 1796) was an 18th-century architect from the Northern Netherlands. Biography He was born in Doetinchem to Albert Otten and Anna Hendrica Huslij, and added his mother's surname to his name from ...

* Jacques Kuyper *

Pieter Louw Pieter Louw (born 24 January 1985) is a South African rugby union footballer. His usual position was flank. Louw played junior rugby at Boland, later moving to Western Province to play Currie Cup for Cape Town side. He played Super Rugby for ...

Hendrik Meijer Hendrik Meijer (December 28, 1883 – May 31, 1964) was a Dutch-American businessman who founded the supercenter chain Meijer. Early life Meijer was born on December 28, 1883, in Hengelo, Netherlands, where his father worked under harsh cond ...

* Wouda Piera *

Cornelis Ploos van Amstel Cornelis Ploos van Amstel (1726, in Weesp – 1798, in Amsterdam), was an eighteenth-century Dutch painter and art collector. Biography According to the RKD, he was a pupil of Norbert van Bloemen and Jacobus Buys, and later became a membe ...

Izaak Riewert Schmidt Izak is a given name. Izak may also refer to: * Izak catshark, a type of cat shark * Izak, a character in Suikoden IV * Piotr "Izak" Skowyrski, Polish esports commentator and streamer * Vian Izak, American singer/songwriter, producer, and audio ...

Jan Wandelaar Jan Wandelaar (14 April 1690, Amsterdam – 26 March 1759, Leiden), was an 18th-century painter, illustrator and engraver from the Northern Netherlands. Biography Wandelaar trained under Jacob Folkema, Gillem van der Gouwen, and Gérard de ...

Jacob de Wit Jacob de Wit (19 December 1695 – 12 November 1754) was a Dutch artist and interior decorator who painted many religious scenes. Biography Jacob de Wit was born in Amsterdam, and became famous for his door and ceiling paintings. He lived on ...

Anthonie Ziesenis Anthonie is a Dutch and masculine given name transliterated from Antonius in use in the Netherlands, Greenland, Suriname, Republic of Karelia, South Africa, Namibia, Belgium and Indonesia. The same spelling is a Norwegian feminine given name that ...

Students

Cornelis Borsteegh Cornelis is a Dutch form of the male given name Cornelius. Some common shortened versions of Cornelis in Dutch are Cees, Cor, Corné, Corneel, Crelis, Kees, Neel and Nelis. Cornelis (Kees) and Johannes (Jan) used to be the most common given na ...

Egbert van Drielst Egbert van Drielst (Groningen, 12 March 1745 – Amsterdam, 4 June 1818) began his study of the painting in a factory in Groningen which produced mainly lacquered objects. He soon went to Haarlem, where he became an apprentice in the wallpa ...

* Jan Bulthuis * Abraham Pietersz. Hulk *

Jan Ekels the Younger Jan Ekels the Younger (1759 Amsterdam - 1793), was a Dutch painter and draftsman of genre pieces and an imitator of the old masters, especially of J. Molenaer, Gerard Ter Borch and Gabriel Metsu. Jan Hermannus was baptized in a hidden or cla ...

* Jacques Kuyper *

Jan Adriaan Antonie de Lelie Jan, JaN or JAN may refer to: Acronyms * Jackson, Mississippi (Amtrak station), US, Amtrak station code JAN * Jackson-Evers International Airport, Mississippi, US, IATA code * Jabhat al-Nusra (JaN), a Syrian militant group * Japanese Article Numbe ...

Jacob Maurer Jacob (; ; ar, يَعْقُوب, Yaʿqūb; gr, Ἰακώβ, Iakṓb), later given the name Israel, is regarded as a patriarch of the Israelites and is an important figure in Abrahamic religions, such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Jac ...

Hermanus Numan Hermanus Numan (1744 – 9 March 1820) was a Dutch painter, draftsman, pastellist, etcher, engraver, watercolorist, set painter, decorator (interiors), art theorist, and publisher.Bernard Picart Bernard Picart or Picard (11 June 1673 – 8 May 1733), was a French draughtsman, engraver, and book illustrator in Amsterdam, who showed an interest in cultural and religious habits. Life Picart was born in rue Saint-Jacques, Paris as ...

* Dirk Sluyter * Jacob Smies *

Pieter Tanjé Pieter Tanjé (1706–1761) was an 18th-century engraver from the Northern Netherlands. Biography Tanjé was born in Bolsward. According to the RKD he was a shipmate for the shipping service between Bolsward and Amsterdam who engraved designs ...

References

{{authority control Art schools in the Netherlands Schools in Amsterdam Culture in Amsterdam 18th century in Amsterdam Drawing Organizations established in 1718 Educational institutions established in 1718 Arts organizations established in the 18th century

History

Members

Founders, directors and teachers

Students

Further reading

References