Stacy Horn
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Stacy Horn (born June 3, 1956 in
Norfolk, Virginia Norfolk ( ) is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. Incorporated in 1705, it had a population of 238,005 at the 2020 census, making it the third-most populous city in Virginia after neighboring Virginia Be ...
) is an American author,
businesswoman A businessperson, businessman, or businesswoman is an individual who has founded, owns, or holds shares in (including as an angel investor) a private-sector company. A businessperson undertakes activities (commercial or industrial) for the ...
and occasional journalist. She grew up on
Long Island, New York Long Island is a densely populated island in the southeastern region of the U.S. state of New York, part of the New York metropolitan area. With over 8 million people, Long Island is the most populous island in the United States and the 18th ...
and received a B.F.A. from
Tufts University Tufts University is a private research university on the border of Medford and Somerville, Massachusetts. It was founded in 1852 as Tufts College by Christian universalists who sought to provide a nonsectarian institution of higher learning. ...
and the School of the Museum of Fine Arts. She received a graduate degree from
New York University New York University (NYU) is a private research university in New York City. Chartered in 1831 by the New York State Legislature, NYU was founded by a group of New Yorkers led by then-Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin. In 1832, the ...
's Interactive Telecommunications Program. In 1990, after working as a telecommunications analyst for
Mobil Corporation ExxonMobil Corporation (commonly shortened to Exxon) is an American multinational oil and gas corporation headquartered in Irving, Texas. It is the largest direct descendant of John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil, and was formed on November 30, ...
, Horn founded Echo, a New York-based
bulletin board system A bulletin board system (BBS), also called computer bulletin board service (CBBS), is a computer server running software that allows users to connect to the system using a terminal program. Once logged in, the user can perform functions such as ...
.


EchoNYC

Stacy Horn founded EchoNYC, a New York City Internet salon, in 1990, whose members are called Echoids.
The WELL The Whole Earth 'Lectronic Link, normally shortened to The WELL, was launched in 1985. It is one of the oldest continuously operating virtual communities. By 1993 it had 7,000 members, a staff of 12, and gross annual income of $2 million. ...
, one of the oldest
virtual communities A virtual community is a social network of individuals who connect through specific social media, potentially crossing geographical and political boundaries in order to pursue mutual interests or goals. Some of the most pervasive virtual communi ...
in continuous operation, was an influence. Horn later decided that Echo stood for "East Coast Hang Out". Horn saw the Echo
bulletin board system A bulletin board system (BBS), also called computer bulletin board service (CBBS), is a computer server running software that allows users to connect to the system using a terminal program. Once logged in, the user can perform functions such as ...
as a place where conversation could revolve around
literature Literature is any collection of written work, but it is also used more narrowly for writings specifically considered to be an art form, especially prose fiction, drama, and poetry. In recent centuries, the definition has expanded to include ...
, film, culture, and sex, rather than the more pervasive topics of computer technology at the time. Originally run out of Horn's apartment in
Greenwich Village Greenwich Village ( , , ) is a neighborhood on the west side of Lower Manhattan in New York City, bounded by 14th Street to the north, Broadway to the east, Houston Street to the south, and the Hudson River to the west. Greenwich Village ...
in her spare time, Echo rapidly expanded its membership, and eventually consumed every free phone line in her Greenwich Village neighborhood, requiring
New York Telephone The New York Telephone Company (NYTel) was organized in 1896, taking over the New York City operations of the American Bell Telephone Company. Predecessor companies The Telephone Company of New York was formed under franchise in 1876. The princi ...
to run a separate cable to Horn's apartment. In 1990, Echo became a company with a core group of members chosen by Horn for their "strong on-line personalities", who were responsible for creating enticing discussions to attract users. She donated twenty years worth of Echo's archives to the
New York Historical Society The New-York Historical Society is an American history museum and library in New York City, along Central Park West between 76th and 77th Streets, on the Upper West Side of Manhattan. The society was founded in 1804 as New York's first museum. ...
.


Books

Her first book, ''Cyberville: Clicks, Culture and the Creation of an Online Town'' (Warner Books, 1998), describes the community that formed on Echo, the problems Horn encountered as Echo's final authority, and her observations about the nature of the virtual world. Through the 90s, she was often profiled and quoted in articles about life and business on the internet. Her book is still used in courses on the sociology of virtual communities.
Design of Online Communities, Georgia Tech College of Computing

Human-Centered Computing, UC Berkeley

Cybersocieties: Understanding Technology as Global Change.
The publication of her second book, ''Waiting For My Cats to Die: A Morbid Memoir'' (St. Martin's Press, 2001), a memoir about her midlife crisis, revealing an unusual fascination with death, coincided with a series of commentaries for the NPR's All Things Considered on the same subject. Her third book, ''The Restless Sleep: Inside New York City's Cold Case Squad'' (Viking, 2005), recounts the stories of four of New York's cold cases and profiles the detectives who investigate them. Her fourth book, ''Unbelievable: Investigations into Ghosts, Poltergeists, Telepathy, and Other Unseen Phenomena, from the Duke Parapsychology Laboratory'', was published in 2009. Her fifth book is about singing. It is titled ''Imperfect Harmony: Finding Happiness Singing With Others'', and it was published by Algonquin Books in 2013. Her next book, titled ''Damnation Island: Poor, Sick, Mad, and Criminal in 19th-Century New York'', is about Roosevelt Island, Blackwell's Island and was also published by Algonquin Books in May, 2018.


Selected bibliography

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References


External links


Stacy Horn’s Official Website

Stacy Horn’s Restless Sleep Blog
- A resource for cold case investigation.
Echo
{{DEFAULTSORT:Horn, Stacy 1956 births Living people Internet pioneers Women Internet pioneers Writers from New York City American non-fiction crime writers American women in business American founders Women founders 21st-century American women