St. Leger Codd
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St.Leger Codd (circa 1630-1707) was a militia officer, lawyer, planter and politician in the
Colony of Virginia The Colony of Virginia, chartered in 1606 and settled in 1607, was the first enduring English colonial empire, English colony in North America, following failed attempts at settlement on Newfoundland (island), Newfoundland by Sir Humphrey GilbertG ...
and the
Colony of Maryland The Province of Maryland was an English and later British colony in North America that existed from 1632 until 1776, when it joined the other twelve of the Thirteen Colonies in rebellion against Great Britain and became the U.S. state of Maryla ...
who sat in the Virginia House of Burgesses and the lower house of the Maryland General Assembly (being nominated by Lord Baltimore but not confirmed by the London Board of Trade for the upper house).


Early and family life

The eldest son of William Codd (d. 1652) of Watringbury Parish in Kent, England and his wife Mary St. Leger.McCartney p. 120 He received a private education appropriate to his class, including attendance at Gray's Inn in London, one of the Inns of Court. He first married, Anne, the widow of David Fox, who bore sons James Codd and Berkeley Codd but by May 1670 her children by Fox were suing him for the way he was handling their inheritance. She had died by 1679, when Codd married Anna, the widow of Theodorick Bland of Westover, a major planter and politician who had served as speaker of the House of Burgesses. She bore him a son, also St. Leger Codd.Tyler After her death, he married the widow Anne Hynson Wickes, the daughter of Thomas Hynson, a prominent lawyer, planter and officeholder of Kent County, Maryland.Papenfuse


Virginia career

Codd sailed to the Virginia colony after his father's death and began acquiring land. He acquired a plantation near the border between Northumberland and Lancaster Counties on a branch of the Corotoman River. He was directed to establish forts along the Potomac River. In 1678 he paid taxes on 8 tithables in Lancaster County. By 1671 Codd was a justice of the peace for Northumberland County, but also involved in litigation. He had been sued by his stepchiildren in 1670, and successfully sued a Northumberland County man for spreading rumors that Codd abused his indentured servants and was responsible for one or more deaths. He was later sued by Sarah Bland, the widow of John Bland, Theodorick Bland's elder brother and manager of the family's transatlantic business (presumably in financial difficulties because of the tobacco glut and price decline in the 1670s). Although Codd was initially successful in that litigation, it dragged on, in part because in addition to trying to resolve her husband's estate, Sarah Bland also sought resolution for the death of her son Giles Bland, who was executed for his part in Bacon's Rebellion. She had appealed to London, and successor royal governor's were using the case as a means of reducing the power of the Virginia Governor's Council. Codd had other debts, and burgess Christopher Robinson was representing him in litigation in 1685 brought by London-based merchant John Jeffreys, who called for Codd's arrest for failing to obey a court summons. Codd also owed money to Jamestown merchant William Sherwood, Nicholas Spencer and John Strechley. In 1680, both Northumberland and Lancaster County voters selected Codd to represent them in the House of Burgesses, and Codd chose to represent Northumberland County. In the next election, he was elected by Lancaster County voters.Cynthia Miller Leonard, The Virginia General Assembly 1619-1978 (Richmond: Virginia State Library 1978) pp. 46, 47


Maryland career

In the summer of 1687, Codd's financial problems were so severe, that he fled with his wife and family to Maryland. He settled first at Kent Island. By 1688, Codd moved his family further north along the coast, to
Cecil County Cecil County () is a county located in the U.S. state of Maryland at the northeastern corner of the state, bordering both Pennsylvania and Delaware. As of the 2020 census, the population was 103,725. The county seat is Elkton. The county was ...
, which he represented first in the lower house of the Maryland General Assembly in 1692, then in 1694-1697 and finally in 1701–1704. During the 1694-1697 session, he sat on the Provincial Court, which adjudicated appeals from judicial decisions in lower courts.


Death and legacy

Codd died in Maryland. His son James inherited the family lands in England. Berkeley Codd inherited land in Delaware, and became a justice of the Delaware Supreme Court. His half-brother St. Leger Codd Jr. also became a planter, legislator and judge, representing Kent County in the Maryland General Assembly and adjudicating in the Maryland Provincial Court and several lower courts.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Codd, St. Leger Virginia colonial people Virginia lawyers Maryland lawyers English emigrants 1635 births 1707 deaths House of Burgesses members People from Northumberland County, Virginia People from Lancaster County, Virginia People from Cecil County, Maryland