Saint-Germain-en-Laye () is a
commune
A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to:
Administrative-territorial entities
* Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township
** Communes of ...
in the
Yvelines
Yvelines () is a department in the western part of the Île-de-France region in Northern France. In 2019, it had a population of 1,448,207.[department
Department may refer to:
* Departmentalization, division of a larger organization into parts with specific responsibility
Government and military
*Department (administrative division), a geographical and administrative division within a country, ...]
in the
Île-de-France
, timezone1 = CET
, utc_offset1 = +01:00
, timezone1_DST = CEST
, utc_offset1_DST = +02:00
, blank_name_sec1 = Gross regional product
, blank_info_sec1 = Ranked 1st
, bla ...
in north-central France. It is located in the western suburbs of Paris, from the
centre of Paris.
Inhabitants are called ''Saint-Germanois'' or ''Saint-Germinois''. With its elegant tree-lined streets it is one of the more affluent suburbs of Paris, combining both high-end leisure spots and exclusive residential neighborhoods (see
the Golden Triangle of the Yvelines
The Golden Triangle of the Yvelines is an expression used to refer to the Yvelines area of France that includes suburban Chatou, Croissy-sur-Seine, and Le Vésinet, due to the number of wealthy residents, which include many state leaders, CEOs, an ...
).
Saint-Germain-en-Laye is a
sub-prefecture of the department. Because it includes the
National Forest of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, it covers approximately , making it the largest commune in the Yvelines. It occupies a large loop of the
Seine
)
, mouth_location = Le Havre/Honfleur
, mouth_coordinates =
, mouth_elevation =
, progression =
, river_system = Seine basin
, basin_size =
, tributaries_left = Yonne, Loing, Eure, Risle
, tributarie ...
. Saint-Germain-en-Laye lies at one of the western termini of
Line A of the
RER.
History
![Saint-Germain-en-Laye - Église Saint-Germain001](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Saint-Germain-en-Laye_-_%C3%89glise_Saint-Germain001.jpg)
Saint-Germain-en-Laye was founded in 1020 when King
Robert the Pious
Robert II (c. 972 – 20 July 1031), called the Pious (french: link=no, le Pieux) or the Wise (french: link=no, le Sage), was King of the Franks from 996 to 1031, the second from the Capetian dynasty.
Crowned Junior King in 987, he assisted h ...
(ruled 996–1031) founded a
convent
A convent is a community of monks, nuns, religious brothers or, sisters or priests. Alternatively, ''convent'' means the building used by the community. The word is particularly used in the Catholic Church, Lutheran churches, and the Anglican ...
on the site of the present Church of
Saint-Germain.
In 1688,
James II of England
James VII and II (14 October 1633 16 September 1701) was King of England and King of Ireland as James II, and King of Scotland as James VII from the death of his elder brother, Charles II, on 6 February 1685. He was deposed in the Gloriou ...
exiled himself to the city after being deposed from the throne in what has become known as the
Glorious Revolution
The Glorious Revolution; gd, Rèabhlaid Ghlòrmhor; cy, Chwyldro Gogoneddus , also known as the ''Glorieuze Overtocht'' or ''Glorious Crossing'' in the Netherlands, is the sequence of events leading to the deposition of King James II and ...
. He spent the remainder of his days there, and died on 16 September 1701.
Prior to the
French Revolution
The French Revolution ( ) was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in November 1799. Many of its ideas are considere ...
in 1789, it had been a royal town and the
Château de Saint-Germain the residence of numerous French monarchs. The old
château
A château (; plural: châteaux) is a manor house or residence of the lord of the manor, or a fine country house of nobility or gentry, with or without fortifications, originally, and still most frequently, in French-speaking regions.
Nowaday ...
was constructed in 1348 by
King Charles V on the foundations of an old
castle
A castle is a type of fortified structure built during the Middle Ages predominantly by the nobility or royalty and by military orders. Scholars debate the scope of the word ''castle'', but usually consider it to be the private fortified r ...
(''château-fort'') dating from 1238 in the time of
Saint Louis.
Francis I Francis I or Francis the First may refer to:
* Francesco I Gonzaga (1366–1407)
* Francis I, Duke of Brittany (1414–1450), reigned 1442–1450
* Francis I of France (1494–1547), King of France, reigned 1515–1547
* Francis I, Duke of Saxe-Lau ...
was responsible for its subsequent restoration. In 1862,
Napoleon III
Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 18089 January 1873) was the first President of France (as Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte) from 1848 to 1852 and the last monarch of France as Emperor of the French from 1852 to 1870. A nephew ...
set up the ''
Musée des Antiquités Nationales
The National Archaeological Museum (French: Musée d'Archéologie nationale) is a major French archaeology museum, covering pre-historic times to the Merovingian period (450–750 CE). It is housed in the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye in the ' ...
'' in the erstwhile royal château. This museum has exhibits ranging from Paleolithic to Celtic times. The "
Dame de Brassempouy" sculpted on a mammoth's ivory tusk around 23,000 years ago is the most famous exhibit in the museum.
Kings
Henry IV and
Louis XIII
Louis XIII (; sometimes called the Just; 27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was King of France from 1610 until his death in 1643 and King of Navarre (as Louis II) from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crown ...
left their mark on the town.
Louis XIV
, house = Bourbon
, father = Louis XIII
, mother = Anne of Austria
, birth_date =
, birth_place = Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
, death_date =
, death_place = Palace of Vers ...
was born in the château (the city's
coat of arms
A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the latter two being outer garments). The coat of arms on an escutcheon forms the central ele ...
consequently shows a cradle and the date of his birth), and established Saint-Germain-en-Laye as his principal residence from 1661 to 1681. Louis XIV turned over the château to
James VII & II of Scotland and England after his exile from Britain after the
Glorious Revolution
The Glorious Revolution; gd, Rèabhlaid Ghlòrmhor; cy, Chwyldro Gogoneddus , also known as the ''Glorieuze Overtocht'' or ''Glorious Crossing'' in the Netherlands, is the sequence of events leading to the deposition of King James II and ...
in 1688. James lived in the Château for 13 years, and his daughter
Louisa Maria Stuart
Louisa Maria Teresa Stuart (french: link=no, Louise Marie Thérèse; 28 June 1692 – 18 April 1712), known to Jacobitism, Jacobites as The Princess Royal, was the last child of James II and VII, the deposed king of England, List of Scottish monar ...
was born in exile here in 1692. James II is buried in the parish church.
Saint-Germain-en-Laye is famous for its long stone terrace built by
André Le Nôtre
André Le Nôtre (; 12 March 1613 – 15 September 1700), originally rendered as André Le Nostre, was a French landscape architect and the principal gardener of King Louis XIV of France. He was the landscape architect who designed the gar ...
from 1669 to 1673. The terrace provides a view over the valley of the
Seine
)
, mouth_location = Le Havre/Honfleur
, mouth_coordinates =
, mouth_elevation =
, progression =
, river_system = Seine basin
, basin_size =
, tributaries_left = Yonne, Loing, Eure, Risle
, tributarie ...
and, in the distance, Paris. During the
French Revolution
The French Revolution ( ) was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in November 1799. Many of its ideas are considere ...
, the name was changed along with many other places whose names held connotations of religion or royalty. Temporarily, Saint-Germain-en-Laye became Montagne-du-Bon-Air. During his
reign
A reign is the period of a person's or dynasty's occupation of the office of monarch of a nation (e.g., Saudi Arabia, Belgium, Andorra), of a people (e.g., the Franks, the Zulus) or of a spiritual community (e.g., Catholicism, Tibetan Buddhism, N ...
,
Napoleon I
Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who ...
established his cavalry officers training school in the Château-Vieux.
![Bunker-St-germain-en-laye-009](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/Bunker-St-germain-en-laye-009.jpg)
The
Treaty of Saint-Germain
A treaty is a formal, legally binding written agreement between actors in international law. It is usually made by and between sovereign states, but can include international organizations, individuals, business entities, and other legal perso ...
was signed in 1919 and was applied on 16 July 1920. The treaty officially registered the breakup of the Habsburg empire, which recognized the independence of Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, and the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (Yugoslavia).
During the occupation from 1940 to 1944, the town was the headquarters of the
German Army
The German Army (, "army") is the land component of the armed forces of Germany. The present-day German Army was founded in 1955 as part of the newly formed West German ''Bundeswehr'' together with the ''Marine'' (German Navy) and the ''Luftwaf ...
.
On 1 January 2019, the former commune
Fourqueux
Fourqueux () is a former commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France in north-central France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the commune Saint-Germain-en-Laye. It is a small suburb 20 km west of Paris.
It is known for hav ...
was merged into Saint-Germain-en-Laye.
Saint-Germain parish church
![Église Saint-Germain 120401](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/%C3%89glise_Saint-Germain_120401.jpg)
The parish church, which is dedicated to
Germain of Paris
Germain ( la, Germanus; 496 – 28 May 576) was the bishop of Paris
The Archdiocese of Paris (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Parisiensis''; French: ''Archidiocèse de Paris'') is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or archdiocese of the Cat ...
, was originally constructed in the eleventh century, and the present building (the fourth on the site) was built in the 1820s in a
Neoclassical style
Neoclassical architecture is an architectural style produced by the Neoclassicism, Neoclassical movement that began in the mid-18th century in Italy and France. It became one of the most prominent architectural styles in the Western world. The pr ...
, with six
Tuscan column
The Tuscan order (Latin ''Ordo Tuscanicus'' or ''Ordo Tuscanus'', with the meaning of Etruscan order) is one of the two classical orders developed by the Romans, the other being the composite order. It is influenced by the Doric order, but with u ...
s supporting a
pediment
Pediments are gables, usually of a triangular shape.
Pediments are placed above the horizontal structure of the lintel, or entablature, if supported by columns. Pediments can contain an overdoor and are usually topped by hood moulds.
A pedimen ...
on the main façade. The church houses the mausoleum of
James II of England
James VII and II (14 October 1633 16 September 1701) was King of England and King of Ireland as James II, and King of Scotland as James VII from the death of his elder brother, Charles II, on 6 February 1685. He was deposed in the Gloriou ...
and was visited by
Queen Victoria
Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until Death and state funeral of Queen Victoria, her death in 1901. Her reign of 63 years and 21 ...
in 1855.
The organ, originally installed in 1698, was rebuilt by
Aristide Cavaillé-Coll
Aristide Cavaillé-Coll (; 4 February 1811 – 13 October 1899) was a French organ builder. He has the reputation of being the most distinguished organ builder of the 19th century. He pioneered innovations in the art and science of organ buildi ...
in the nineteenth century and refurbished in 1903. The church's organists have included
Albert Renaud (1891–1924),
Albert Alain
Albert Paul Alain (1 March 1880 – 15 October 1971) was a 20th-century French organist and composer.
Biography
Born in Saint-Germain-en-Laye to Clarisse-Alphonsine Fouquet (born 1859) and Paul François Alain (born 1851), he entered in adult ...
(1924–1971) and
Marie-Claire Alain
Marie-Claire Geneviève Alain-Gommier (10 August 1926 – 26 February 2013) was a French organist, scholar and teacher best known for her prolific recording career, with 260 recordings, making her the most-recorded classical organist in the world ...
(1971–2010).
Population
The population data in the table and graph below refer to the commune of Saint-Germain-en-Laye proper, in its geography at the given years. The population of
Fourqueux
Fourqueux () is a former commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France in north-central France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the commune Saint-Germain-en-Laye. It is a small suburb 20 km west of Paris.
It is known for hav ...
, absorbed in 2019, is not included.
Transport
Saint-Germain-en-Laye is connected to other communes by the
Résalys bus network operated by
Transdev
Transdev, formerly Veolia Transdev, is a French-based international private-sector company which operates public transport. It has operations in 17 countries and territories as of November 2020.
History
The group was formed by the merger of V ...
Montesson-les-Rabeaux. Saint-Germain-en-Laye is served by
Saint-Germain-en-Laye station
Saint-Germain-en-Laye is the main railway station serving Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France. The station opened on 14 August 1847 with the opening of the ''ligne de Saint Germain'' (from Paris to Saint-Germain), an atmospheric railway
An atmosph ...
on Paris
RER line A.
It is also served by two stations on the
Transilien Paris-Saint-Lazare
Transilien Paris-Saint-Lazare is one of the sectors in the Paris Transilien suburban rail network. The trains on this sector depart from Gare Saint-Lazare in central Paris and serve the north and north-west of Île-de-France region with Transilien ...
suburban rail line:
Saint-Germain-Bel-Air–Fourqueux and
Saint-Germain–Grande Ceinture.
Saint-Germain-en-Laye is also served by
Achères–Grand-Cormier station on Paris RER line A and on the Transilien Paris – Saint-Lazare suburban rail line. This station is located in the middle of the
Forest of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
The Forest of Saint-Germain-en-Laye or ''Forêt de Saint-Germain-en-Laye'', is a dominial forest of 35 km2 in area which lies in a meander of the River Seine, France. Situated 20 km West of Paris, between Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Maisons ...
, far from the urbanized part of the commune.
Sport
Football
Saint-Germain-en-Laye has a proud footballing history. From 1904 to 1970, it was represented by
Stade Saint-Germain, but following a 1970 merger with
Paris FC
Paris Football Club (), commonly referred to as Paris FC or simply PFC, is a French professional football club based in Paris, that competes in the Ligue 2, the second tier of French football. Paris FC play their home matches at the Stade Ch ...
, became
Paris Saint-Germain
Paris Saint-Germain Football Club (), commonly referred to as Paris Saint-Germain, Paris, Paris SG or simply PSG is a professional football club based in Paris, France. They compete in Ligue 1, the top division of French football. As Fr ...
(PSG). PSG is a top-flight football team that is the most successful team in France in terms of trophies.
Sporting facilities
There is one main sporting facility in Saint-Germain-en-Laye: the
Stade Municipal Georges Lefèvre
The Stade Municipal Georges Lefèvre is a sports complex located on Président-Kennedy avenue in the forest of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, just across the street from Camp des Loges, the training centre of French Association football, football clu ...
. It covers over 12 hectares and contains:
– 5 football pitches
– 3 stands
– 1 athletic track
– 22 tennis courts
– 1 clubhouse
– 1 multibeach terrain
Economy
Capcom Entertainment France, a
Capcom
is a Japanese video game developer and video game publisher, publisher. It has created a number of List of best-selling video game franchises, multi-million-selling game franchises, with its most commercially successful being ''Resident Evil' ...
subsidiary, has its head office in Saint-Germain-en-Laye.
[Contact]
" Capcom. Retrieved 12 August 2011. "France: Capcom Entertainment France 30 bis, rue du Viel Abreuvoir FR.78100 Saint Germain En Laye"
Education
the schools in this commune had 20,581 students, with 7,300 of them living in Saint-Germain-en-Laye. There is a high ratio of overall students to town inhabitants. The municipal nursery and primary schools have 3,549 students. 1,026 students attend private schools in the commune. 522 students attend the
Lycée International de Saint Germain-en-Laye
In France, secondary education is in two stages:
* ''Collèges'' () cater for the first four years of secondary education from the ages of 11 to 15.
* ''Lycées'' () provide a three-year course of further secondary education for children between ...
nursery and primary divisions.
[Children > Presentation]
" Saint-Germain-en-Laye. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
Schools
the municipality operates ten nursery schools and nine primary schools.
[
The ]Lycée International de Saint Germain-en-Laye
In France, secondary education is in two stages:
* ''Collèges'' () cater for the first four years of secondary education from the ages of 11 to 15.
* ''Lycées'' () provide a three-year course of further secondary education for children between ...
, a public school, consistently ranks among France's top schools and is considered to be the country's best public international school. It includes 14 different language sections, including one for Japanese students, and the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
The , also known as MEXT or Monka-shō, is one of the eleven Ministries of Japan that composes part of the executive branch of the Government of Japan. Its goal is to improve the development of Japan in relation with the international community ...
(MEXT) lists that program in its group of European '' hoshuko'' (part-time Japanese educational programmes).[欧州の補習授業校一覧(平成25年4月15日現在)]
. Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
The , also known as MEXT or Monka-shō, is one of the eleven Ministries of Japan that composes part of the executive branch of the Government of Japan. Its goal is to improve the development of Japan in relation with the international community ...
(MEXT). Retrieved 10 May 2014.
Other public high schools:
* Lycée Jeanne-d'Albret
* Lycée technologique Léonard-de-Vinci
* Lycée technologique Jean-Baptiste-Poquelin
*
Private schools include:
* Collège et Lycée Notre-Dame
*
The Institut d'études politiques de Saint-Germain-en-Laye
Institut d'études politiques de Saint-Germain-en-Laye or Sciences Po Saint-Germain, is a French political science grande école situated on Saint-Germain-en-Laye, close to Paris and is attached to the Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines Universi ...
and Collège Marcel Roby are located in the city.
Libraries
There are two libraries:
* Bibliothèque multimédia
* Bibliothèque George-Sand
In art
File:Alfred Sisley - The Terrace at Saint-Germain, Spring - Walters 37992.jpg, ''The Terrace at Saint-Germain, Spring'', 1875 by Alfred Sisley
Alfred Sisley (; ; 30 October 1839 – 29 January 1899) was an Impressionist landscape painter who was born and spent most of his life in France, but retained British citizenship. He was the most consistent of the Impressionists in his dedicatio ...
. The Walters Art Museum
The Walters Art Museum, located in Mount Vernon-Belvedere, Baltimore, Maryland, United States, is a public art museum founded and opened in 1934. It holds collections established during the mid-19th century. The museum's collection was amassed ...
.
Hospital
*
Notable people
Saint-Germain-en-Laye was the birthplace of:
Nobility
* Henry II (1519–1559), King of France
France was ruled by monarchs from the establishment of the Kingdom of West Francia in 843 until the end of the Second French Empire in 1870, with several interruptions.
Classical French historiography usually regards Clovis I () as the first ...
* Marie of France (1344–1404), Duchess of Bar
* Jeanne d'Albret
Jeanne d'Albret (Basque: ''Joana Albretekoa''; Occitan: ''Joana de Labrit''; 16 November 1528 – 9 June 1572), also known as Jeanne III, was Queen of Navarre from 1555 to 1572.
Jeanne was the daughter of Henry II of Navarre and Margaret ...
(1528–1572), Queen Regnant
A queen regnant (plural: queens regnant) is a female monarch, equivalent in rank and title to a king, who reigns ''suo jure'' (in her own right) over a realm known as a "kingdom"; as opposed to a queen consort, who is the wife of a reignin ...
of Navarre
Navarre (; es, Navarra ; eu, Nafarroa ), officially the Chartered Community of Navarre ( es, Comunidad Foral de Navarra, links=no ; eu, Nafarroako Foru Komunitatea, links=no ), is a foral autonomous community and province in northern Spain, ...
* Charles IX (1550–1574), King of France
* Louis de Buade de Frontenac
Louis de Buade, Comte de Frontenac et de Palluau (; 22 May 162228 November 1698) was a French soldier, courtier, and Governor General of New France in North America from 1672 to 1682, and again from 1689 to his death in 1698. He established a nu ...
(1622–1698), French courtier and Governor of New France The governor of New France was the viceroy of the King of France in North America. A French nobleman, he was appointed to govern the colonies of New France, which included Canada, Acadia and Louisiana. The residence of the Governor was at the Chatea ...
* Louis XIV
, house = Bourbon
, father = Louis XIII
, mother = Anne of Austria
, birth_date =
, birth_place = Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
, death_date =
, death_place = Palace of Vers ...
(1638–1715), King of France
* Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
'' Monsieur'' Philippe I, Duke of Orléans (21 September 1640 – 9 June 1701), was the younger son of King Louis XIII of France and his wife, Anne of Austria. His elder brother was the "Sun King", Louis XIV. Styled Duke of Anjou from bir ...
, (1640–1701), younger brother of Louis XIV
* Louisa Maria Teresa Stuart
Louisa Maria Teresa Stuart (french: link=no, Louise Marie Thérèse; 28 June 1692 – 18 April 1712), known to Jacobites as The Princess Royal, was the last child of James II and VII, the deposed king of England, Scotland and Ireland, by his seco ...
(1692–1712), daughter of James II of England
James VII and II (14 October 1633 16 September 1701) was King of England and King of Ireland as James II, and King of Scotland as James VII from the death of his elder brother, Charles II, on 6 February 1685. He was deposed in the Gloriou ...
, known to Jacobites as the Princess Royal
* Charles O'Gara (1699–1777), a courtier and official of the Holy Roman Empire of Jacobite Irish descent
Musicians
* Albert Renaud (1855–1924), organist
* Claude Debussy
(Achille) Claude Debussy (; 22 August 1862 – 25 March 1918) was a French composer. He is sometimes seen as the first Impressionist composer, although he vigorously rejected the term. He was among the most influential composers of the ...
(1862–1918), composer
* Albert Alain
Albert Paul Alain (1 March 1880 – 15 October 1971) was a 20th-century French organist and composer.
Biography
Born in Saint-Germain-en-Laye to Clarisse-Alphonsine Fouquet (born 1859) and Paul François Alain (born 1851), he entered in adult ...
(1880–1971), composer and organist
* Jehan Alain
Jehan-Aristide Paul Alain (; 3 February 1911 – 20 June 1940) was a French organist, composer, and soldier. Born into a family of musicians, he learned the organ from his father and a host of other teachers, becoming a composer at 18, and compo ...
(1911–1940), composer
* Marie-Claire Alain
Marie-Claire Geneviève Alain-Gommier (10 August 1926 – 26 February 2013) was a French organist, scholar and teacher best known for her prolific recording career, with 260 recordings, making her the most-recorded classical organist in the world ...
(1926–2013), organist and organ teacher
* Benoît Delbecq (born 1966), jazz pianist and composer
Sports
* Mohamed Haddadou (born 1974), footballer
* Amélie Mauresmo
Amélie Simone Mauresmo (; born 5 July 1979) is a French former List of WTA number 1 ranked singles tennis players, world No. 1 tennis player and tournament director. Mauresmo won two Grand Slam (tennis)#Tournaments, major singles titles at the ...
(born 1979), tennis player
Tennis is a racket sport that is played either individually against a single opponent (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles). Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball cove ...
* Ismael Gace (born 1986), footballer
* Christopher Oualembo (born 1987), footballer
* Jonathan Eysseric
Jonathan Eysseric (born 27 May 1990) is a French professional tennis player.
Tennis career Juniors
In 2007, he was the junior finalist at the 2007 Australian Open. At the 2007 French Open, he competed in the men's and juniors singles draws. In me ...
(born 1990), tennis player
Tennis is a racket sport that is played either individually against a single opponent (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles). Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball cove ...
* Frédéric Vieillot (born 1990), footballer
* Caroline Garcia
Caroline Garcia (, born 16 October 1993) is a French professional tennis player. She has been ranked in the top 5 in both singles at world No. 4 and in doubles at world No. 2. Garcia is the 2022 WTA Finals singles champion.
She is also a two-ti ...
(born 1991), tennis player
Tennis is a racket sport that is played either individually against a single opponent (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles). Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball cove ...
* Rashad Muhammed (born 1993), footballer
* Gabriel Aubry
Gabriel Aubry (born August 30, 1976)Date of birth formerly given as January 4, 1976. is a Canadian model.
Early life
Born in Montreal, Quebec, to French-Canadian parents, Aubry is one of nine siblings.
Modeling career
He has modeled for Tommy ...
(born 1998), racing driver
Other
* John Patrick O'Gara (born 1692), a soldier in the Spanish Army of Jacobite Irish descent
* Charles Gautier de Vinfrais (1704–1797), hunter and encyclopédiste
* Louis-Michel Letort de Lorville (1773–1815), French general of the Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major global conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European states formed into various coalitions. It produced a period of Fren ...
* Jean Albert Gaudry
Jean Albert Gaudry (16 September 1827 – 27 November 1908) was a French geologist and palaeontologist. He was born at St Germain-en-Laye, and was educated at the Catholic Collège Stanislas de Paris. He was a notable proponent of theistic evo ...
(1827–1908), geologist and palaeontologist
* Salomon Reinach Salomon Reinach (29 August 1858 – 4 November 1932) was a French archaeologist, religious historian and was a major figure in the Franco-Jewish establishment in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. He was vice president of the mos ...
(1858–1932), archaeologist
Archaeology or archeology is the scientific study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscap ...
* Jaque Catelain
Jaque Catelain (9 February 1897 – 5 March 1965) was a French actor who came to prominence in silent films of the 1920s, and who continued acting in films and on stage until the 1950s. He also wrote and directed two silent films himself, and he ...
(1897–1965), actor
* Jacques Fesch (1930–1957), Christian mystic
Christian mysticism is the tradition of mystical practices and mystical theology within Christianity which "concerns the preparation f the personfor, the consciousness of, and the effect of ..a direct and transformative presence of God" ...
* Jean-Jacques Lafaye (born 1958), writer, essayist
* Albert Dupontel
Albert Dupontel (; born 11 January 1964) is a French actor, film director and screenwriter. Following his father's path, he studied medicine but eventually switched to theater, disillusioned by hospital life. He started his career as a stand-up c ...
(born 1964), actor
*Emmanuelle Polack
Emmanuelle Polack (born Saint-Germain-en-Laye, 1965) is a French art historian and author who investigates provenance of works of art in the Louvre as director of research there.
Life and career
Emmanuelle Polack grew up in Saint-Germain-en-La ...
(born 1965), art historian
* Christian de Boisredon (born 1974), social entrepreneur
* Mélanie Thierry
Mélanie Thierry is a French actress.
Early life and career
Mélanie Thierry began her career as a model in France, then moved into acting. She began with a series of roles in French productions, and at the age of 17 appeared in the internationa ...
(born 1981), French actress
* Marion Maréchal-Le Pen (born 1989), French politician
The town is also associated with:
* James II of England
James VII and II (14 October 1633 16 September 1701) was King of England and King of Ireland as James II, and King of Scotland as James VII from the death of his elder brother, Charles II, on 6 February 1685. He was deposed in the Gloriou ...
, king who lived there in exile and is buried there
* Charles-Hippolyte de Paravey, French engineer who died in the city
* Gérard de Nerval
Gérard de Nerval (; 22 May 1808 – 26 January 1855) was the pen name of the French writer, poet, and translator Gérard Labrunie, a major figure of French romanticism, best known for his novellas and poems, especially the collection ''Les Fil ...
(1808–1855), poet, who lived there during part of his childhood and adolescence
* Gabriel de Mortillet
Louis Laurent Gabriel de Mortillet (29 August 1821 – 25 September 1898), French archaeologist and anthropologist, was born at Meylan, Isère.
Biography
Mortillet was educated at the Jesuit college of Chambéry and at the Paris Conservatoire ...
(1821-1898) French archeologist and anthropologist, mayor of the town in 1882-1888
* Pierre de Porcaro (1904–1945), priest and prisoner-of-war during the Second World War
Twin towns - sister cities
Saint-Germain-en-Laye is twinned with:
* Aschaffenburg, Germany, since 1975
* Schwelm, Germany
* Ayr, South Ayrshire, Scotland, since 1984
* Winchester, Massachusetts, United States, since 1990
* Gmina Konstancin-Jeziorna, Konstancin-Jeziorna, Poland, since 1992
See also
* Communes of the Yvelines department
* The works of Antonin Mercié
References
External links
Saint-Germain-en-Laye
Saint-Germain-en-Laye
Saint-Germain-en-Laye
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Saintgermainenlaye
Communes of Yvelines
Cities in Île-de-France
Subprefectures in France
1020 establishments in Europe
1020s establishments in France
Populated places established in the 11th century