''Spremnost'' was a weekly

newsmagazine A news magazine is a typed, printed, and published magazine, radio or television program, usually published weekly, consisting of articles about current events. News magazines generally discuss stories, in greater depth than do newspapers or new ...

of the Ustaše movement with articles about many topics like politics, war, economy and culture. It was published in

Zagreb Zagreb ( , , , ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slop ...

from early 1942 to the collapse of the

Independent State of Croatia The Independent State of Croatia ( sh, Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH; german: Unabhängiger Staat Kroatien; it, Stato indipendente di Croazia) was a World War II-era puppet state of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy (1922–1943), Fascist It ...

in May 1945. Its publication was restarted in 1957 in

Sydney Sydney ( ) is the capital city of the state of New South Wales, and the most populous city in both Australia and Oceania. Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds Sydney Harbour and extends about towards the Blue Mountain ...

by Fabijan Lovoković, a former

Ustaše Youth The Ustaše Youth (, hr, Ustaška mladež) was the youth wing of the Ustaše, a Croatian fascist and ultranationalist organization active during the interwar period and World War II. The Ustaše governed a German-Italian puppet state called the ...

member who had fled to

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

in 1950. Publication of the magazine ceased in 2007.

Founding and breakdown

Since the establishment of the

the leading Croatian dailies, have become; ''Hrvatski narod'' and ''Nova Hrvatska'', the leading ideological weekly newspaper of general type was ''Spremnost''. Other newspapers that are coming out then were; weekly humorous magazine ''Šilo'', newspapers ''Gospodarstvo'' (Economic Affairs), ''Hrvatski radnik'', ''Plug'', ''Plava revija'', ''Hrvatska revija'' and ''Vienac''. Newsmagazine ''Spremnost'' was initiated only when the Ustaša regime mastered the methods of total control of the press. The initiator and main organizer was Ivo Bogdan and chief editor was Tias Mortigjija (until 1944). In addition with Mortigjija and Bogdan, in magazine regularly publish articles on politics; Milivoj Magdić, Savić Štedimlija and

Ante Ciliga Ante Ciliga (20 February 1898 – 21 October 1992) was a Croatian politician, writer and publisher. Ciliga was one of the founders of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ). Imprisoned in Stalin's Gulags in the 1930s, he later became an ardent ...

(since 1943). Magdić was responsible for the critique of

Marxism–Leninism Marxism–Leninism is a communist ideology which was the main communist movement throughout the 20th century. Developed by the Bolsheviks, it was the state ideology of the Soviet Union, its satellite states in the Eastern Bloc, and various co ...

, Štedimlija was some kind of specialist in

Balkans The Balkans ( ), also known as the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical and historical definitions. The region takes its name from the Balkan Mountains that stretch throughout the who ...

issues, especially for the '' Chetnik movement'', and Ciliga wrote about the

Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...

(he was spent in

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...

about 10 years). Other important collaborators were: Ljubomir Maraković (literature), Ton Smerdel, Radoslav Glavaš, Albert Haler,

Antun Barac Antun Barac ( Kamenjak, 20 August 1894 – Zagreb, 1 November 1955), was a Croatian historian. Biography Barac graduated at the Faculty of philosophy at the University of Zagreb in 1917, and received his Ph.D. as a high school professor on ...

and Mihovil Kombol. Overall ''Spremnost'' was a typical puppet news magazine of this time with a strong nationalistic note, - defended the policy of its sponsors, and critical writing about politics of

Allies An alliance is a relationship among people, groups, or states that have joined together for mutual benefit or to achieve some common purpose, whether or not explicit agreement has been worked out among them. Members of an alliance are called ...

tried to show his politics as disastrous for Europe. Allies are generally portrayed as unnatural interest coalition of ''

Jews Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...

Freemasonry Freemasonry or Masonry refers to fraternal organisations that trace their origins to the local guilds of stonemasons that, from the end of the 13th century, regulated the qualifications of stonemasons and their interaction with authorities ...

and

Communists Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a so ...

''. Thus, to illustrate the ''Spremnost'' published on 13 September 1942. Ivo Bogdan article that says that the

must resist »the Jews, freemasons, communists«, as internal enemies, with »courage, determination and political foresight«. Even when it was clear that the Axis powers have lost the war - the Allied successes were depicted in an entirely different light, or are completely minimized. In this light is described

Allied invasion of Sicily The Allied invasion of Sicily, also known as Operation Husky, was a major campaign of World War II in which the Allied forces invaded the island of Sicily in July 1943 and took it from the Axis powers ( Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany). It bega ...

- as a completely insignificant event, which does not have any military significance in relation to the main east front. The editor of the Australian publication, Fabijan Lovoković, was a founder and leading figure of the far-right Ustasĕ

Croatian Liberation Movement The Croatian Liberation Movement ( hr, Hrvatski oslobodilački pokret, HOP) is a minor far-right political party founded in 1956 in Buenos Aires, Argentina, by Ante Pavelić, poglavnik of the Independent State of Croatia and its ruling party Ustas ...

( hr, Hrvatski oslobodilački pokret, HOP) branch in Australia. This group is regarded as being responsible for many terrorist acts in the post-WW2 era.

Literature

*Macan, Trpimir, Bogišić, Vlaho i drugi: ''Spremnost : 1942-1945'', Zagreb : Matica hrvatska, 1998 godina,

References

{{Reflist Fascist newspapers and magazines Croatian-language magazines Defunct magazines published in Yugoslavia Magazines established in 1942 Magazines disestablished in 1945 Mass media in Zagreb News magazines published in Europe Weekly magazines