''Spisula'' is a genus of medium-sized to large
marine bivalve mollusk
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...
s or clams in the subfazmily
Mactrinae of the
family
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...
Mactridae
Mactridae, common name the trough shells or duck clams, is a family of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the order Venerida.
Description
These clams have two short siphons, each with a horny sheath. The shell is shaped like a rounded- ...
, commonly known as surf clams or trough shells.
[MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Spisula Gray, 1837. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138159 on 2022-06-20]
Species
Species in the genus ''Spisula'' include:
* ''
Spisula adamsi''
Olsson, 1961
* ''
Spisula austini''
Lamprell & Whitehead, 1990
* †''
Spisula bernayi''
(Cossmann, 1886)
* † ''
Spisula brombachensis''
S. Schneider & Mandic, 2014
* † ''
Spisula couttsi
''Spisula'' is a genus of medium-sized to large Marine (ocean), marine bivalve mollusks or clams in the subfazmily Mactrinae of the family (biology), family Mactridae, commonly known as surf clams or trough shells. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). Mollu ...
''
Marwick, 1948
* † ''
Spisula crassitesta''
(Finlay, 1927)
* ''
Spisula discors''
(Gray, 1837)
* ''
Spisula elliptica''
(T. Brown, 1827)
* ''
Spisula murchisoni''
(Reeve, 1854)
* ''
Spisula raveneli
''Spisula'' is a genus of medium-sized to large Marine (ocean), marine bivalve mollusks or clams in the subfazmily Mactrinae of the family (biology), family Mactridae, commonly known as surf clams or trough shells. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). Mollu ...
''
(Conrad, 1832)
* ''
Spisula sachalinensis
''Spisula sachalinensis'' (Japanese language, Japanese: , or , ; Uilta language, Uilta: ), the Sakhalin surf clam, is a species of edible saltwater clam in the family Mactridae, the surf clams or trough clams. It is commonly referred to as sur ...
''
(Schrenck, 1862)
* ''
Spisula solida
The surf clam (''Spisula solida'') is a medium-sized marine clam, or bivalve mollusc, found in the Eastern Atlantic from Iceland and northern Norway to Portugal and Spain. Up to long, it is like many clams a sediment- burrowing filter feeder.< ...
''
(Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...
, 1758)
* ''
Spisula solidissima''
(Dillwyn, 1817) – Atlantic surfclam
* ''
Spisula subtruncata
''Spisula subtruncata'', the cut through shell, is a medium-sized marine clam, or bivalve mollusc, found in the Eastern Atlantic from Iceland to Morocco and into the Mediterranean Sea. Common and sometimes very numerous. Up to long, with a d ...
''
(da Costa, 1778)
* ''
Spisula trigonella
''Spisula'' is a genus of medium-sized to large marine bivalve mollusks or clams in the subfazmily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae, commonly known as surf clams or trough shells. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Spisula Gray, 1837. Ac ...
''
(Lamarck, 1818)
* † ''
Spisula voyi
''Spisula'' is a genus of medium-sized to large marine bivalve mollusks or clams in the subfazmily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae, commonly known as surf clams or trough shells. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Spisula Gray, 1837. Ac ...
''
(Gabb, 1866)
;Synonyms:
* ''Spisula adelaidae''
Angas, 1865: synonym of ''
Anapella cycladea''
(Lamarck, 1818)
* ''Spisula acquilateralis''
( Deshayes, 1854) – Triangle shell: synonym of ''
Crassula aequilatera
''Crassula aequilatera'', known as the triangle shell, is a surf clam, a moderately large marine bivalve mollusc in the family Mactridae.
MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Crassula aequilatera (Reeve, 1854). Accessed through: World Reg ...
''
(Reeve, 1854)
* ''Spisula alaskana''
Dall, 1921: synonym of ''
Mactromeris polynyma''
(Stimpson, 1860)
* ''Spisula aspersa''
(G. B. Sowerby I, 1825): synonym of ''Oxyperas aspersa''
(G. B. Sowerby I, 1825): synonym of ''
Oxyperas aspersum'
' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825)
* ''
Spisula belliana
''Spisula'' is a genus of medium-sized to large marine bivalve mollusks or clams in the subfazmily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae, commonly known as surf clams or trough shells. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Spisula Gray, 1837. Ac ...
''
W. R. B. Oliver, 1915: synonym of ''Oxyperas belliana''
(W. R. B. Oliver, 1915): synonym of ''
Oxyperas bellianum''
(W. R. B. Oliver, 1915)
* ''Spisula bernardi''
Pilsbry, 1904: synonym of ''
Oxyperas bernardi''
(Pilsbry, 1904)
* ''Spisula camaronis''
Dall, 1921: synonym of ''
Mactromeris hemphillii''
(Dall, 1894)
* ''Spisula catilliformis''
Conrad, 1867: synonym of ''
Mactromeris catilliformis''
(Conrad, 1867)
* ''
Spisula cretacea''
Angas, 1868: synonym of ''
Spisula trigonella
''Spisula'' is a genus of medium-sized to large marine bivalve mollusks or clams in the subfazmily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae, commonly known as surf clams or trough shells. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Spisula Gray, 1837. Ac ...
''
(Lamarck, 1818)
* ''Spisula dolabriformis''
Conrad, 1867: synonym of ''
Simomactra dolabriformis''
(Conrad, 1867) (original combination)
* ''Spisula fragilis''
Gray, 1837: synonym of ''
Standella pellucida''
(Gmelin, 1791)
* ''Spisula hemphillii''
(Dall, 1894): synonym of ''
Mactromeris hemphillii''
(Dall, 1894)
* ''Spisula isabelleana''
(d'Orbigny, 1846): synonym of ''
Mactra isabelleana''
d'Orbigny, 1846
* Spisula lamarckii Gray, 1837: synonym of Eastonia rugosa (Helbling, 1779)
* ''Spisula lentiginosa''
Gould, 1852: synonym of ''Oxyperas lentiginosa''
(Gould, 1852): synonym of ''
Oxyperas lentiginosum''
(Gould, 1852)
* ''Spisula longa''
Dall, 1921: synonym of ''
Tresus nuttallii
''Tresus nuttallii'', common name the Pacific gaper, is a species of saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusk in the family Mactridae. It also shares the common name horse clam with ''Tresus capax'', a species which is similar in morphology an ...
''
(Conrad, 1837)
* ''Spisula marplatensis''
(Doello-Jurado, 1949): synonym of ''
Mactra marplatensis
''Mactra'' is a large genus of medium-sized Marine (ocean), marine bivalve mollusks or clams, commonly known as trough shells or duck clams. ''Mactra'' is the type genus within the family (biology), family Mactridae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). Moll ...
''
Doello-Jurado, 1949
* ''Spisula ovalis''
(J. Sowerby, 1817) : synonym of ''
Spisula solida
The surf clam (''Spisula solida'') is a medium-sized marine clam, or bivalve mollusc, found in the Eastern Atlantic from Iceland and northern Norway to Portugal and Spain. Up to long, it is like many clams a sediment- burrowing filter feeder.< ...
''
(Linnaeus, 1758)
* ''Spisula ovata''
Gray, 1843: synonym of ''
Cyclomactra ovata''
(Gray, 1843)
* ''Spisula petitii''
(d'Orbigny, 1846): synonym of ''
Mactra petitii''
d'Orbigny, 1846
* ''Spisula polynyma''
(Stimpson, 1860): synonym of ''
Mactromeris polynyma''
(Stimpson, 1860)
* ''Spisula producta''
Angas, 1868: synonym of ''Spisula trigonella''
(Lamarck, 1818)
* ''Spisula richmondi''
(Dall, 1894): synonym of ''
Mactra petitii''
d'Orbigny, 1846
* ''Spisula sayii''
Gray, 1837: synonym of ''Spisula raveneli''
(Conrad, 1832)
* ''Spisula solanderi''
J.E. Gray, 1837: synonym of ''
Eastonia solanderi''
(J. E. Gray, 1837)
* ''Spisula strongi''
T. A. Burch, 1945: synonym of ''
Simomactra planulata''
(Conrad, 1837)
* ''Spisula triangula''
(Brocchi, 1814): synonym of ''Spisula subtruncata''
(da Costa, 1778)
* ''Spisula vladivostokensis''
Bartsch, 1929: synonym of ''
Mactromeris polynyma''
(Stimpson, 1860)
* ''Spisula voji''
ic synonym of † ''Spisula voyi''
(Gabb, 1866)
* ''Spisula williamsi''
(Berry, 1960): synonym of ''Spisula adamsi''
Olsson, 1961
File:Spisula subtruncata.jpg, ''Spisula subtruncata
''Spisula subtruncata'', the cut through shell, is a medium-sized marine clam, or bivalve mollusc, found in the Eastern Atlantic from Iceland to Morocco and into the Mediterranean Sea. Common and sometimes very numerous. Up to long, with a d ...
''
References
*
* Marwick J. (1948). Lower Pliocene Mollusca from Otahuhu, Auckland. New Zealand Geological Survey Palaeontological Bulletin. 16: 38 pp., 8 pl.
* Coan, E. V.; Valentich-Scott, P. (2012). Bivalve seashells of tropical West America. Marine bivalve mollusks from Baja California to northern Peru. 2 vols, 1258 pp
External links
Gray, J. E. (1837). A synoptical catalogue of the species of certain tribes or genera of shells contained in the collection of the British Museum and the author's cabinet. Magazine of Natural History, N.S. 1: 370-376 Iredale, T. (1930). More notes on the marine Mollusca of New South Wales. Records of the Australian Museum. 17(9): 384-407, pls 62-65 Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca. in: Costello, M.J. et al. (eds), European Register of Marine Species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Patrimoines Naturels. 50: 180-213
{{Taxonbar, from=Q3017714
Mactridae
Bivalve genera