''Spirama'' is a
genus of
moths in the family
Erebidae
The Erebidae are a family of moths in the superfamily Noctuoidea. The family is among the largest families of moths by species count and contains a wide variety of well-known macromoth groups. The family includes the underwings ('' Catocala'') ...
first described by
Achille Guenée in 1852.
Description
Antennae usually minutely fasciculate (bundled) in the male. Tibia not hairy and mid-tibia spined. Palpi with second joint reaching vertex of head and third joint naked. Thorax and abdomen smoothly clothed with hair. Forewings with nearly rectangular apex. Hindwings with vein 5 from lower angle of cell, which is rather short.
Defensive display
Some of the species, such as ''
S. helicina'', ''
S. indenta'', ''
S. recessa'', ''
S. remota'' and ''
S. sumbana'', have a pattern on the wings that looks like the frontal view of the face of a snake with slightly opened mouth. This pattern is more clearly discernible in females. It may intimidate potential predators and dissuade them from attacking.
[John L. Capinera, ''Encyclopedia of Entomology'', Volume 4, p. 1174]
Species
* ''
Spirama biformis''
Hulstaert, 1924
* ''
Spirama capitulifera''
Prout, 1919
* ''
Spirama euphrages
''Spirama euphrages'' is a species of moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of ...
''
Prout, 1924
* ''
Spirama euspira
''Spirama euspira'' is a species of moth of the family Erebidae. It was apparently proposed as a name for what Cramer misidentified as ''Spirama retorta
''Spirama retorta'', the Indian owlet-moth, is a moth of the family Erebidae. The species ...
''
(Hubner, 1823)
* ''
Spirama glaucescens''
Butler, 1893
* ''
Spirama griseisigma
''Spirama griseisigma'' is a moth of the family Erebidae
The Erebidae are a family of moths in the superfamily Noctuoidea. The family is among the largest families of moths by species count and contains a wide variety of well-known macromoth ...
''
Hampson, 1913
* ''
Spirama helicina
''Spirama helicina'' is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Jacob Hübner in 1824. In older texts, the species was classified as morph of '' Spirama retorta''.
Description
The wingspan is 60–70 mm. As in many species of genu ...
''
Hübner, 831
__NOTOC__
Year 831 ( DCCCXXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place Byzantine Empire
* Byzantine–Arab War: Emperor Theophilos invades the Abbasid dominion ...
/small>
* ''Spirama inconspicua
''Spirama inconspicua'' is a species of moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastli ...
'' Herrich-Schäffer, 854
__NOTOC__
Year 854 ( DCCCLIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place Europe
* Emperor Lothair I meets his (half) brothers (Louis the German and Charles the Bald ...
/small>
* ''Spirama indenta
''Spirama indenta'' is a species of moth of the family Erebidae first described by George Hampson in 1891. It is found from the Indian states of Assam and Meghalaya and from Sri Lanka to Java in Indonesia. In older texts, the species was classif ...
'' Hampson, 1891
* ''Spirama kalaoensis
''Spirama kalaoensis'' is a species of moth of the family Erebidae. It is found on Sulawesi and Flores
Flores is one of the Lesser Sunda Islands, a group of islands in the eastern half of Indonesia. Including the Komodo Islands off its west ...
'' Swinhoe, 1904
* ''Spirama miniata
''Spirama miniata'' is a species of moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline t ...
'' Wallengren, 1856
* ''Spirama paecila
''Spirama paecila'' is a species of moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. A ...
'' (Guenée, 1852)
* ''Spirama recessa
''Spirama recessa'' is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in New Guinea and tropical northern Australia.
The wingspan
The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the other wingtip. For ex ...
'' Walker, 1858
* '' Spirama remota'' Felder, 1861
* ''Spirama retorta
''Spirama retorta'', the Indian owlet-moth, is a moth of the family Erebidae. The species was first described by Carl Alexander Clerck in 1764. It is found in China (Tibet, Qinghai, Jiangsu, Fukien, Yunnan), Korea, Japan (Honshu), India (Sikkim, ...
'' Clerck, 1764
* '' Spirama sumbana'' Swinhoe, 1904
* ''Spirama triloba
''Spirama triloba'' is a species of moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in northern India (Himachal Pradesh, West Bengal, Darjeeling), Bangladesh, Cambodia, the Philippines and Indonesia (Java, Sulawesi
Sulawesi (), also known as Celeb ...
'' Guenée, 1852
* ''Spirama voluta
''Spirama voluta'' is a species of moth of the family Erebidae
The Erebidae are a family of moths in the superfamily Noctuoidea. The family is among the largest families of moths by species count and contains a wide variety of well-known mac ...
'' Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874
Former species
*''Spirama obscura''
Cramer, 1780 was moved to the genus ''
Speiredonia
''Speiredonia'' is a genus of moth
Moths are a paraphyletic group of insects that includes all members of the order Lepidoptera that are not butterflies, with moths making up the vast majority of the order. There are thought to be approximat ...
'' in 2005.
* ''
Spirama revolvens
''Spirama recessa'' is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in New Guinea and tropical northern Australia.
The wingspan
The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the other wingtip. For ex ...
''
(Walker, 1858)
References
External links
*
*
"ハグルマトモエ ''Spirama helicina'' (Hübner, [1831])" ''Digital Moths of Japan''.
Hypopyrini
Moth genera
{{Erebinae-stub