The Majoidea are a
superfamily
SUPERFAMILY is a database and search platform of structural and functional annotation for all proteins and genomes. It classifies amino acid sequences into known structural domains, especially into SCOP superfamilies. Domains are functional, str ...
of
crab
Crabs are decapod crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura, which typically have a very short projecting "tail" (abdomen) ( el, βραχύς , translit=brachys = short, / = tail), usually hidden entirely under the thorax. They live in all the ...
s which includes the various spider crabs.
Taxonomy
In "''A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans''" De Grave and colleagues divided Majoidea into six families:
* Family
Epialtidae
Epialtidae is a family of crabs, containing the subfamilies:
* Epialtinae MacLeay, 1838
* Pisinae Dana, 1851
* Pliosomatinae Števčić, 1994
* Tychinae Dana, 1851
* Actinotocarcininae
References
Majoidea
Decapod families
{{c ...
** Subfamily
Epialtinae
Epialtinae is a subfamily of crabs, containing the following genera:
* '' Acanthonyx'' Latreille, 1828
* '' Alfredalcockia'' Števčić, 2005
* '' Antilibinia'' MacLeay, 1838
* '' Cyclonyx'' Miers, 1879
* '' Epialtoides'' Garth, 1958
* '' Epi ...
** Subfamily
Pisinae
Pisinae is a subfamily of crabs in the family Epialtidae, comprising the following genera:
* '' Acanthophrys'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1865
* '' Anamathia'' Smith, 1885
* '' Apias'' Rathbun, 1897
* '' Apiomithrax'' Rathbun, 1897
* '' Austrolibinia'' ...
** Subfamily
Pliosomatinae
** Subfamily
Tychiinae
* Family
Hymenosomatidae
Hymenosomatidae is a family of crabs with some 110 described species in nearly 20 genera. The following genera are placed in the Hymenosomatidae:
*'' Amarinus''
*'' Apechocinus''
*'' Cancrocaeca''
*'' Crustaenia''
*'' Elamena''
*'' Elamenopsis ...
* Family
Inachidae
Inachidae is a family of crabs, containing 39 genera:
*'' Achaeopsis'' Stimpson, 1857
*'' Achaeus'' Leach, 1815
*'' Anisonotus'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1879
*'' Anomalothir'' Miers, 1879
*'' Bothromaia'' Williams & Moffitt, 1991
*'' Calypsachaeus'' ...
* Family
Inachoididae
Inachoididae is a family of crabs originally erected by James Dwight Dana
James Dwight Dana FRS FRSE (February 12, 1813 – April 14, 1895) was an American geologist, mineralogist, volcanologist, and zoologist. He made pioneering studies of m ...
* Family
Majidae
Majidae is a family of crabs, comprising around 200 marine species inside 52 genera, with a carapace that is longer than it is broad, and which forms a point at the front. The legs can be very long in some species, leading to the name "spider c ...
** Subfamily
Eurynolambrinae
** Subfamily
Majinae
** Subfamily
Micromaiinae
** Subfamily
Mithracinae
** Subfamily
Planoterginae
* Family
Oregoniidae
The classification has since been revised, with subfamilies Epialtinae and Mithracinae being elevated to families and Hymenosomatidae being moved to its own superfamily. The family composition according to the
World Register of Marine Species
The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive list of names of marine organisms.
Content
The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scientific specialist ...
is as follows:
* family
Epialtidae
Epialtidae is a family of crabs, containing the subfamilies:
* Epialtinae MacLeay, 1838
* Pisinae Dana, 1851
* Pliosomatinae Števčić, 1994
* Tychinae Dana, 1851
* Actinotocarcininae
References
Majoidea
Decapod families
{{c ...
MacLeay, 1838
* family
Inachidae
Inachidae is a family of crabs, containing 39 genera:
*'' Achaeopsis'' Stimpson, 1857
*'' Achaeus'' Leach, 1815
*'' Anisonotus'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1879
*'' Anomalothir'' Miers, 1879
*'' Bothromaia'' Williams & Moffitt, 1991
*'' Calypsachaeus'' ...
MacLeay, 1838
* family
Inachoididae
Inachoididae is a family of crabs originally erected by James Dwight Dana
James Dwight Dana FRS FRSE (February 12, 1813 – April 14, 1895) was an American geologist, mineralogist, volcanologist, and zoologist. He made pioneering studies of m ...
Dana, 1851
* family
Macrocheiridae Dana, 1851
* family
Majidae
Majidae is a family of crabs, comprising around 200 marine species inside 52 genera, with a carapace that is longer than it is broad, and which forms a point at the front. The legs can be very long in some species, leading to the name "spider c ...
Samouelle, 1819 – "true" spider crabs
* family
Mithracidae
Mithracidae is a family of crustaceans belonging to the order Decapoda.
Genera
Genera:
*''Ala''
*'' Amphithrax''
*''Hemus''
*'' Maguimithrax''
*'' Microphrys''
*'' Mithraculus''
*'' Mithrax''
*'' Nemausa''
*'' Nonala''
*'' Omalacantha ...
Balss, 1929
* family
Oregoniidae Garth, 1958
* family
Priscinachidae Breton, 2009
Notable species within the superfamily include:
*
Japanese spider crab
The Japanese spider crab (''Macrocheira kaempferi'') is a species of marine crab that lives in the waters around Japan. It has the largest known leg-span of any arthropod. It goes through three main larval stages along with a prezoeal stage to g ...
(''Macrocheira kaempferi''), the largest living species of crab, found on the bottom of the Pacific Ocean.
* ''
Libinia emarginata
''Libinia emarginata'', the portly spider crab, common spider crab or nine-spined spider crab, is a species of stenohaline crab that lives on the Atlantic coast of North America.
Distribution
''Libinia emarginata'' occurs from Nova Scotia to th ...
'', the ''portly spider crab'', a species of crab found in estuarine habitats on the east coast of North America.
* ''
Hyas
Hyas ( grc, Ὑάς, Hūás, ; ), in Greek mythology, was a Boeotian who was regarded as the ancestor of the ancient Hyantes (Boeotians). His name means rain from ''hyô, hyetos.''
Family
Hyas was the son of the Titan Atlas and either of the ...
'', a genus of spider crabs, including the
great spider crab
The great spider crab, ''Hyas araneus'', is a species of crab found in northeast Atlantic waters and the North Sea, usually below the tidal zone.
In 1986, two specimens were captured at the South Shetland Islands off the Antarctic Peninsula
...
(''Hyas araneus''), found in the Atlantic and the North Sea.
* ''
Maja squinado
''Maja squinado'' (the European spider crab, spiny spider crab or spinous spider crab) is a species of Animal migration, migratory crab found in the north-east Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea. The appearance of the European spi ...
'', sometimes called the "European long leg crab or pie faced crab" because of the way its face is shaped.
* ''
Australian majid spider crab
Australian(s) may refer to:
Australia
* Australia, a country
* Australians, citizens of the Commonwealth of Australia
** European Australians
** Anglo-Celtic Australians, Australians descended principally from British colonists
** Aboriginal Au ...
'', found off Tasmania, are known to pile up on each other, the faster-moving crabs clambering over the smaller, slower ones.
There is one fossil family, Priscinachidae, represented by a single species, ''
Priscinachus elongatus'', from the
Cenomanian
The Cenomanian is, in the ICS' geological timescale, the oldest or earliest age of the Late Cretaceous Epoch or the lowest stage of the Upper Cretaceous Series. An age is a unit of geochronology; it is a unit of time; the stage is a unit in the s ...
of France.
Image:Candy crab.jpg, ''Hoplophrys oatesi
''Hoplophrys'' is a monotypic genus of crab in the family
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is ...
'', an Epialtidae
Epialtidae is a family of crabs, containing the subfamilies:
* Epialtinae MacLeay, 1838
* Pisinae Dana, 1851
* Pliosomatinae Števčić, 1994
* Tychinae Dana, 1851
* Actinotocarcininae
References
Majoidea
Decapod families
{{c ...
Image:Limnopilos naiyanetri - (4).jpg, '' Limnopilos naiyanetri'', a Hymenosomatidae
Hymenosomatidae is a family of crabs with some 110 described species in nearly 20 genera. The following genera are placed in the Hymenosomatidae:
*'' Amarinus''
*'' Apechocinus''
*'' Cancrocaeca''
*'' Crustaenia''
*'' Elamena''
*'' Elamenopsis ...
Image:Macrocheira kaempferi.jpg, ''Macrocheira kaempferi
The Japanese spider crab (''Macrocheira kaempferi'') is a species of marine crab that lives in the waters around Japan. It has the largest known leg-span of any arthropod. It goes through three main larval stages along with a prezoeal stage to ...
'', an Inachidae
Inachidae is a family of crabs, containing 39 genera:
*'' Achaeopsis'' Stimpson, 1857
*'' Achaeus'' Leach, 1815
*'' Anisonotus'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1879
*'' Anomalothir'' Miers, 1879
*'' Bothromaia'' Williams & Moffitt, 1991
*'' Calypsachaeus'' ...
Image:Pyromaia cuspidata.jpg, '' Pyromaia cuspidata'', an Inachoididae
Inachoididae is a family of crabs originally erected by James Dwight Dana
James Dwight Dana FRS FRSE (February 12, 1813 – April 14, 1895) was an American geologist, mineralogist, volcanologist, and zoologist. He made pioneering studies of m ...
Image:Maja squinado.jpg, ''Maja squinado
''Maja squinado'' (the European spider crab, spiny spider crab or spinous spider crab) is a species of Animal migration, migratory crab found in the north-east Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea. The appearance of the European spi ...
'', a Majidae
Majidae is a family of crabs, comprising around 200 marine species inside 52 genera, with a carapace that is longer than it is broad, and which forms a point at the front. The legs can be very long in some species, leading to the name "spider c ...
Image:Hyas coarctatus.jpg, '' Hyas coarctatus'', an Oregoniidae
References
Cenomanian first appearances
Arthropod superfamilies
Extant Cenomanian first appearances
{{crab-stub