Sphenops Sepsoides
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''Chalcides sepsoides'', the wedge-snouted skink, is a common and widespread species of
skink Skinks are lizards belonging to the family Scincidae, a family in the infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one of the most diverse families of lizards. Ski ...
in the family Scincidae. It is found in Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, and the Palestinian territories.


Ecology

''S. sepsoides'' is a viviparous species. ''C. sepsoides'' is subarenaceous, and it moves very efficiently by "swimming" under the sand. In fact, it is rarely seen about the ground, and a common method of capturing specimens is to dig through sand dunes near the bases of bushes; this is because its main escape tactic is to dive into the sand. Its limbs are greatly reduced as an adaptation to this
fossorial A fossorial () animal is one adapted to digging which lives primarily, but not solely, underground. Some examples are badgers, naked mole-rats, clams, meerkats, and mole salamanders, as well as many beetles, wasps, and bees. Prehistoric eviden ...
movement. As a result, it is often considered to be a sand
specialist Specialist may refer to: Occupations * Specialist (rank), a military rank ** Specialist (Singapore) * Specialist (arena football) * Specialist degree, in academia * Specialty (medicine) * Designated market maker, in the American stock market * ...
.


Habitat and conservation

''C. sepsoides'' occurs in sandy areas and dunes, including open
steppe In physical geography, a steppe () is an ecoregion characterized by grassland plains without trees apart from those near rivers and lakes. Steppe biomes may include: * the montane grasslands and shrublands biome * the temperate grasslands, ...
and bushland with sandy soil. It is
nocturnal Nocturnality is an animal behavior characterized by being active during the night and sleeping during the day. The common adjective is "nocturnal", versus diurnal meaning the opposite. Nocturnal creatures generally have highly developed sens ...
during the summer and diurnal during the winter. It is a common species that can be locally threatened by habitat loss, overgrazing, and commercial collection, although none of these threats are considered to be very serious, and the species population is stable.


References


Further reading

*Werner, Y. "Distribution of the Saharan ''Sphenops sepsoides'' (Reptilia: Scincidae) in Israel and Jordan", ''
Herpetologica ''Herpetologica'' is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Allen Press on behalf of the Herpetologists' League covering herpetology. It was established in 1936 by Chapman Grant. The editor is Sarah K. Woodley (Duquesne Univers ...
'' 24: 238–267, September 1968 *Attum, Omar, Perri Eason, and Gary Cobbs. "Morphology, niche segregation, and escape tactics in a sand dune lizard community", ''Journal of Arid Environments'' 68:4 564–573, March 2007 *Attum, Omar, Perri Eason, Gary Cobbs, and S. B. El Din. "Response of a desert lizard community to habitat degradation: Do ideas about habitat specialists/generalists hold?", ''Biological Conservation'' 133 52–62, November 2006
Chalcides ''Chalcides'' is a genus of skinks (family Scincidae). It is usually placed in the subfamily Scincinae (= Scincidae ''sensu'' Hedges 2014), a monophyletic clade of primarily African skinks. Species The following species are recognized as bei ...
Skinks of Africa Reptiles of North Africa Reptiles of the Middle East Reptiles described in 1829 Taxa named by Jean Victoire Audouin Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{skink-stub