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In the
petroleum industry The petroleum industry, also known as the oil industry or the oil patch, includes the global processes of hydrocarbon exploration, exploration, extraction of petroleum, extraction, oil refinery, refining, Petroleum transport, transportation (of ...
, special core analysis, often abbreviated SCAL or SPCAN, is a laboratory procedure for conducting flow experiments on core plugs taken from a
petroleum reservoir A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presenc ...
. Special core analysis is distinguished from "routine (RCAL) or conventional (CCAL) core analysis" by adding more experiments, in particular including measurements of
two-phase flow In fluid mechanics, two-phase flow is a flow of gas and liquid — a particular example of multiphase flow. Two-phase flow can occur in various forms, such as flows transitioning from pure liquid to vapor as a result of external heating, sep ...
properties, determining
relative permeability In multiphase flow in porous media, the relative permeability of a phase is a dimensionless measure of the effective permeability of that phase. It is the ratio of the effective permeability of that phase to the absolute permeability. It can be v ...
,
capillary pressure In fluid statics, capillary pressure () is the pressure between two immiscible fluids in a thin tube (see capillary action), resulting from the interactions of forces between the fluids and solid walls of the tube. Capillary pressure can serve as bo ...
,
wettability Wetting is the ability of a liquid to maintain contact with a solid surface, resulting from intermolecular interactions when the two are brought together. This happens in presence of a gaseous phase or another liquid phase not miscible with ...
, and electrical properties. Due to the time-consuming and costly character of SCAL measurements, routine core analysis (RCAL) data should be inspected thoroughly to select a representative subset of samples for SCAL.


References

Porous media Petroleum production {{fluiddynamics-stub