Solomon Bregman (in Russian, Соломон Брегман) (1895,
Zlynka – 1953) was a prominent member of the
Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee
The Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee, ''Yevreysky antifashistsky komitet'' yi, יידישער אנטי פאשיסטישער קאמיטעט, ''Yidisher anti fashistisher komitet''., abbreviated as JAC, ''YeAK'', was an organization that was created i ...
formed in the Soviet Union in April 1942. The committee was led by the famous
Yiddish
Yiddish (, or , ''yidish'' or ''idish'', , ; , ''Yidish-Taytsh'', ) is a West Germanic language historically spoken by Ashkenazi Jews. It originated during the 9th century in Central Europe, providing the nascent Ashkenazi community with a ver ...
actor
Solomon Mikhoels
Solomon (Shloyme) Mikhoels ( yi, שלמה מיכאעלס lso spelled שלוימע מיכאעלס during the Soviet era russian: Cоломон (Шлойме) Михоэлс, – 13 January 1948) was a Latvian born Soviet Jewish actor and the art ...
.
Bregman was born in the town of Zlynka in the
Chernigov Governorate
The Chernigov Governorate (russian: Черниговская губерния; translit.: ''Chernigovskaya guberniya''; ), also known as the Government of Chernigov, was a guberniya in the historical Left-bank Ukraine region of the Russian ...
of the
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...
(present-day
Bryansk Oblast
Bryansk Oblast (russian: Бря́нская о́бласть, ''Bryanskaya oblast''), also known as Bryanshchina (russian: Брянщина, ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is th ...
of
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
). Bregman had been a deputy minister of State Control and an active party member since 1912, when he was also appointed a Deputy Commissar of Foreign Affairs. He was editor-in-chief of ''The Book About Jews-Heroes of the War against
Fascism
Fascism is a far-right, authoritarian, ultra-nationalist political ideology and movement,: "extreme militaristic nationalism, contempt for electoral democracy and political and cultural liberalism, a belief in natural social hierarchy an ...
''. He also participated in collecting materials for
Black Book, a publication detailing the extermination of the
Jews
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...
of the
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
by the
Germans
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, region1 =
, pop1 = 72,650,269
, region2 =
, pop2 = 534,000
, region3 =
, pop3 = 157,000
3,322,405
, region4 =
, pop4 = ...
and their
collaborators during
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
. He joined
JAC in 1944 when he was also recruited as an informant of the secret service MGB.
He was arrested together with other members of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee in 1948. Having never admitted his guilt, "I had no involvement in the Crimea question and could not have had any involvement at presidium sessions," he declared to the trial judge.
He died in jail of heart disease on January 23, 1953. After surviving severe beatings he had fallen into a deep coma on 16 June, in which state he remained when the death sentence was passed on all of his comrades. Among their number only
Lina Stern was spared.
Notes and References
*
Further reading
*
External links
*https://web.archive.org/web/20050217214758/http://forum.grani.ru/jews/articles/eak/ In Russian.
*http://www.lechaim.ru/ARHIV/124/a.htm In Russian, contains photos of the arrested members of
JAC and the accusations against them.
*http://process.orcom.ru/idelo2354.htm
*https://web.archive.org/web/20040314025617/http://www.idf.ru/9/doc.shtml
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bregman, Solomon
1895 births
1953 deaths
People from Bryansk Oblast
People from Chernigov Governorate
Russian Jews
Political repression in the Soviet Union
Russian people who died in prison custody
Prisoners who died in Soviet detention
Jewish socialists
Jewish anti-fascists