![Sollentuna härad 1901 karta](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Sollentuna_h%C3%A4rad_1901_karta.jpg)
Sollentuna Hundred ( sv, Sollentuna härad) was a
hundred
100 or one hundred (Roman numeral: C) is the natural number following 99 and preceding 101.
In medieval contexts, it may be described as the short hundred or five score in order to differentiate the English and Germanic use of "hundred" to de ...
of
Uppland
Uppland () is a historical province or ' on the eastern coast of Sweden, just north of Stockholm, the capital. It borders Södermanland, Västmanland and Gästrikland. It is also bounded by lake Mälaren and the Baltic Sea. On the small uninhab ...
in
Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...
. It encompassed the present-day municipalities of
Järfälla,
Sollentuna, and
Sundbyberg
Sundbyberg Municipality (''Sundbybergs kommun'' or ''Sundbybergs stad'') is a municipality in Stockholm County in east central Sweden, just north of the capital Stockholm. Sundbyberg is wholly within the Stockholm urban area and has a 100% urban p ...
as well as parts of
Upplands Väsby Municipality
Upplands Väsby Municipality (''Upplands Väsby kommun'') is a municipality in Stockholm County in east central Sweden, with a population of 38,963 (2010). Its seat is located in the town of Upplands Väsby.
The municipality was created in connec ...
(
Eds socken) and
Stockholm
Stockholm () is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, largest city of Sweden as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in Scandinavia. Approximately 980,000 people liv ...
(
Bromma
Bromma () is a borough (''stadsdelsområde'') in the western part of Stockholm, Sweden, forming part of the Stockholm Municipality. Bromma is primarily made up of Bromma Parish and Västerled Parish. The fourth largest airport in Sweden and the th ...
and
Spånga
Spånga is a community and parish in the borough of Spånga-Tensta in Stockholm County, Sweden.
Background
Spånga was an independent municipality until January 1, 1949 when most of it was merged with the City of Stockholm, with smaller por ...
socken
Socken is the name used for a part of a county in Sweden. In Denmark similar areas are known as ''sogn'', in Norway ''sokn'' or ''sogn'' and in Finland ''pitäjä'' ''(socken)''. A socken is a country-side area that was formed around a church, ...
). All are now part of
Stockholm County
Stockholm County ( sv, Stockholms län, link=no ) is a county or '' län'' (in Swedish) on the Baltic Sea coast of Sweden. It borders Uppsala County and Södermanland County. It also borders Mälaren and the Baltic Sea. The city of Stockholm ...
. The hundred had three ''
köping
''Köping'' was a Swedish denomination for a market town since the Middle Ages, derived from the Old Norse word ''kaupang''. The designation was officially abolished with the municipal reform of 1971, when Sweden was subdivided into the Munici ...
ar''—
Sollentuna Köping Sollentuna Köping was a '' köping'' in Sollentuna Hundred. In 1971, it was reformed into Sollentuna Municipality
Sollentuna Municipality ( ) is a municipality in Stockholm County in east-central Sweden, north of Stockholm. Its seat of local gove ...
,
Sundbybergs Köping, and
Hässelby Villastads Köping—and a number of ''
municipalsamhällen''. Most of the hundred is now part of the
urban area
An urban area, built-up area or urban agglomeration is a human settlement with a high population density and infrastructure of built environment. Urban areas are created through urbanization and are categorized by urban morphology as cities, t ...
of
Stockholm
Stockholm () is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, largest city of Sweden as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in Scandinavia. Approximately 980,000 people liv ...
, but the larger part of in the remainder is in
Upplands Väsby
Upplands Väsby () is a Urban areas in Sweden, locality and the seat of Upplands Väsby Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden with 149,463 inhabitants in 2020.
History
The municipality has a long history with clear traces of settlements from t ...
. The total area was around 197 km
2 and the population in 1916 was 20,727 people.
Geography
Sollentuna Hundred was located directly west of
Stockholm
Stockholm () is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, largest city of Sweden as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in Scandinavia. Approximately 980,000 people liv ...
, in the borough of
Bromma
Bromma () is a borough (''stadsdelsområde'') in the western part of Stockholm, Sweden, forming part of the Stockholm Municipality. Bromma is primarily made up of Bromma Parish and Västerled Parish. The fourth largest airport in Sweden and the th ...
between
Ulvsundasjön,
Görväln, and
Edsviken
Edsviken is an elongated, narrow inlet of the Baltic Sea running through the Swedish municipalities of Danderyd, Solna and Sollentuna in Stockholm County. Edsviken ranges from Stocksund and Bergshamra, Solna in the south to Edsberg in the north. ...
. Its easternmost parts lay in present-day central Stockholm (for example, the
Essingen Islands
The Essingen Islands ( sv, Essingeöarna) are a group of two islands—Stora Essingen and Lilla Essingen—in the Swedish lake of Mälaren, located southwest of Kungsholmen in Stockholm. Both Essingen islands are mainly residential areas, the s ...
). The geography is characteristic of the
Mälaren Valley
The Mälaren Valley ( sv, Mälardalen), occasionally referred to as Stockholm-Mälaren Region (''Stockholm-mälarregionen''), is the easternmost part of Svealand, the catchment area of Lake Mälaren and the surrounding municipalities. The term is ...
area: fertile
clay
Clay is a type of fine-grained natural soil material containing clay minerals (hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, e.g. kaolin, Al2 Si2 O5( OH)4).
Clays develop plasticity when wet, due to a molecular film of water surrounding the clay par ...
soils in valleys divided by ridges of glacial
till
image:Geschiebemergel.JPG, Closeup of glacial till. Note that the larger grains (pebbles and gravel) in the till are completely surrounded by the matrix of finer material (silt and sand), and this characteristic, known as ''matrix support'', is d ...
, and lakes such as
Norrviken and
Edsviken
Edsviken is an elongated, narrow inlet of the Baltic Sea running through the Swedish municipalities of Danderyd, Solna and Sollentuna in Stockholm County. Edsviken ranges from Stocksund and Bergshamra, Solna in the south to Edsberg in the north. ...
. The hundred was crossed by the
Stockholmsåsen Stockholmsåsen, is a long esker stretching from southern Uppland to northeastern Södermanland, in Stockholm County, Sweden. The esker extends from Arlanda to Jordbro and Västerhaninge, passing through Stockholm where it is known as Brunkebergså ...
esker
An esker, eskar, eschar, or os, sometimes called an ''asar'', ''osar'', or ''serpent kame'', is a long, winding ridge of stratified sand and gravel, examples of which occur in glaciated and formerly glaciated regions of Europe and North Amer ...
, which also serves as the
watershed
Watershed is a hydrological term, which has been adopted in other fields in a more or less figurative sense. It may refer to:
Hydrology
* Drainage divide, the line that separates neighbouring drainage basins
* Drainage basin, called a "watershe ...
between
Mälaren
Mälaren ( , , or ), historically referred to as Lake Malar in English, is the third-largest freshwater lake in Sweden (after Vänern and Vättern). Its area is 1,140 km2 and its greatest depth is 64 m. Mälaren spans 120 kilometers from e ...
and
Östersjön. The area is still noted for its natural beauty, particularly in the
Järvafältet area, from whence the
Bällstaån stream flows into
Bällstaviken. Sollentuna Hundred was bordered to the south by the
fjard
A fjard ( sv, fjärd, ) is a large open space of water between groups of islands or mainland in archipelagos. Fjards can be found along sea coasts, in freshwater lakes or rivers. Fjard and fjord were originally the same word with the general mean ...
s of
Näsfjärden and
Lövstafjärden in
Mälaren
Mälaren ( , , or ), historically referred to as Lake Malar in English, is the third-largest freshwater lake in Sweden (after Vänern and Vättern). Its area is 1,140 km2 and its greatest depth is 64 m. Mälaren spans 120 kilometers from e ...
, with
Färentuna Hundred located across the lake.
Bro Hundred lay to the west,
Ärlinghundra Hundred to the north,
Vallentuna Hundred
Vallentuna Municipality (''Vallentuna kommun'') is a municipality in Stockholm County in east central Sweden. Its seat is located in the town of Vallentuna.
The current municipality was established as a result of the municipal reform of 1971. Its ...
and
Danderyd Ship District
Danderyd Ship District, or ''Danderyds skeppslag'', was a district of Uppland in Sweden. The ship district (''skeppslag'') was the equivalent of a hundred (''hundare'') within Roslagen.
See also
*Danderyd Municipality
Danderyd Municipality ('' ...
in the east, as well as
Stockholm City and
Svartlösa Hundred to the southeast.
History
Sollentuna Hundred was one of the "eight hundreds" that composed the
mediaeval
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a ...
Uppland ''folkland'' of
Attundaland
Attundaland (or the land of the eight hundreds) was the name given to the southeastern part of the present day province of Uppland, north of Stockholm. Its name refers to its role of providing 800 men and 32 ships for the leidang The institution ...
. The name, similar to that of neighbouring
Vallentuna Hundred
Vallentuna Municipality (''Vallentuna kommun'') is a municipality in Stockholm County in east central Sweden. Its seat is located in the town of Vallentuna.
The current municipality was established as a result of the municipal reform of 1971. Its ...
, was written as ''Sollendahundæri'' in the 14th century; the ''-enda-'' in the name signifies a place at the end of a lake.
Sollentuna Church
Sollentuna Church is located in Sollentuna Municipality. It is one of the churches in Sollentuna Parish
Sollentuna socken is a former socken of Sollentuna Hundred in Uppland, Sweden. The area largely corresponds to the modern Sollentuna Munici ...
is indeed located by Norrviken lake, but it is also entirely possible that ''Sollenda'' paraphrases a much older word, perhaps meaning ''swamp'' or ''marshland'', altered to imitate the name of the neighbouring hundred. The local ''
ting
Ting may refer to:
Politics and government
* Thing (assembly) or ting, a historical Scandinavian governing assembly
* Ting (administrative unit) (äº), an administrative unit in China during the Qin and Han Dynasties
* Ting (廳,厅), an administr ...
'' originally met in Granby in
Spånga socken, but moved to
Barkarby
Barkarby is a district of Järfälla Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden and part of the contiguously built-up Stockholm urban area.
Barkarby has a station of the Stockholm commuter rail network.
1912 Summer Olympics
During the 1912 Summer O ...
in the 17th century, and finally to
Rotebro
Rotebro () is a neighbourhood of Sollentuna Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden, and is part of Stockholm. It is divided into two parts, Rotsunda and Gillbo, by the railway.
Rotebro is located in the northernmost part of Sollentuna Municipal ...
in the 20th century. The hundred was long an important area for local and regional commerce. Roads leading to
Bergslagen
Bergslagen is a historical, cultural, and linguistic region located north of Lake Mälaren in northern Svealand, Sweden, traditionally known as a mining district. In Bergslagen, the mining and metallurgic industries have been important since th ...
,
Uppsala
Uppsala (, or all ending in , ; archaically spelled ''Upsala'') is the county seat of Uppsala County and the List of urban areas in Sweden by population, fourth-largest city in Sweden, after Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö. It had 177,074 inha ...
, and
Roslagen
Roslagen is the name of the coastal areas of Uppland province in Sweden, which also constitutes the northern part of the Stockholm archipelago.
Historically, it was the name for all the coastal areas of the Baltic Sea, including the eastern par ...
crossed the isthmus between Norrviken and Edsviken. The lakes were crossed by important shipping routes, and there was also a harbour since the
Viking Age
The Viking Age () was the period during the Middle Ages when Norsemen known as Vikings undertook large-scale raiding, colonizing, conquest, and trading throughout Europe and reached North America. It followed the Migration Period and the Ger ...
.
In the 12th century, churches were founded in Sollentuna,
Järfälla,
Spånga
Spånga is a community and parish in the borough of Spånga-Tensta in Stockholm County, Sweden.
Background
Spånga was an independent municipality until January 1, 1949 when most of it was merged with the City of Stockholm, with smaller por ...
, and
Bromma
Bromma () is a borough (''stadsdelsområde'') in the western part of Stockholm, Sweden, forming part of the Stockholm Municipality. Bromma is primarily made up of Bromma Parish and Västerled Parish. The fourth largest airport in Sweden and the th ...
. The hundred grew around these churches, growing from a few lone farms to a number of small villages. The majority of the population worked in agriculture until well towards the end of the 19th century. At that time, the
Mälaren Line
The Mälaren Line ( sv, Mälarbanan) is a railway line from Stockholm via Västerås to Örebro in Sweden. The section from Stockholm to Kolbäck and from Valskog to Arboga has double track. The line was upgraded to high-speed in 2005. The line ...
and
Northern Main Line railways were built, and a number of station towns cropped up within the hundred, many of which today are part of the suburbs of
Stockholm
Stockholm () is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, largest city of Sweden as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in Scandinavia. Approximately 980,000 people liv ...
: for example,
Sundbyberg
Sundbyberg Municipality (''Sundbybergs kommun'' or ''Sundbybergs stad'') is a municipality in Stockholm County in east central Sweden, just north of the capital Stockholm. Sundbyberg is wholly within the Stockholm urban area and has a 100% urban p ...
,
Bromsten,
Jakobsberg
Jakobsberg is a suburban area (pop. 24,046) within Stockholm urban area, and the seat of Järfälla Municipality, Stockholm County in Sweden.
Jakobsberg, Järfälla's commercial and administrative centre, grew up around the railway. In the ...
,
Tureberg,
Rotebro
Rotebro () is a neighbourhood of Sollentuna Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden, and is part of Stockholm. It is divided into two parts, Rotsunda and Gillbo, by the railway.
Rotebro is located in the northernmost part of Sollentuna Municipal ...
, and
Upplands Väsby
Upplands Väsby () is a Urban areas in Sweden, locality and the seat of Upplands Väsby Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden with 149,463 inhabitants in 2020.
History
The municipality has a long history with clear traces of settlements from t ...
. Sollentuna Hundred's proximity to the capital had a profound effect on its development and expansion in the first half of the 20th century. In 1916,
Bromma socken and its towns were incorporated into the city, and
Spånga socken followed suit in 1949.
Sockens
Sollentuna Hundred was originally composed of five sockens:
*
Bromma socken (became part of the
City of Stockholm
Stockholm Municipality or the City of Stockholm ( sv, Stockholms kommun or ) is a municipality in Stockholm County in east central Sweden. It has the largest population of the 290 municipalities of the country, but one of the smallest areas, maki ...
in 1916)
*
Eds socken
*
Järfälla socken
*
Sollentuna socken
*
Spånga socken (became part of the
City of Stockholm
Stockholm Municipality or the City of Stockholm ( sv, Stockholms kommun or ) is a municipality in Stockholm County in east central Sweden. It has the largest population of the 290 municipalities of the country, but one of the smallest areas, maki ...
in 1949)
Administrative and judicial divisions
The hundred was part of Stockholm County since 1715 and also between the periods that it was part of
Uppsala County
Uppsala County ( sv, Uppsala län) is a county or ''län'' on the eastern coast of Sweden, whose capital is the city of Uppsala. It borders the counties of Dalarna, Stockholm, Södermanland, Västmanland, Gävleborg, and the Baltic Sea.
Provi ...
(1634-1639, 1648–1651, 1654–1714).
The sockens in the hundred were part of the following
bailiwick
A bailiwick () is usually the area of jurisdiction of a bailiff, and once also applied to territories in which a privately appointed bailiff exercised the sheriff's functions under a royal or imperial writ. The bailiwick is probably modelled on th ...
s:
*1720-1852: Bailiwick of Sollentuna, Vallentuna, and Danderyd
*1853-1881: Bailiwick of Sollentuna, Vallentuna, Färentuna, and Danderyd
*1882-1885: Bailiwick of Färentuna and Sollentuna
*1886-1966: Bailiwick of Svartsjö bailiwick (incl. Spånga socken until 1945 and Järfälla socken until 1948)
*1946-1948: Bailiwick of Spånga (Spånga socken)
*1949-1966: Bailiwick of Sundbyberg (Järfälla socken)
*1967–present: Bailiwick of Sollentuna
*1967–present: Bailiwick of Jakobsberg (Järfälla socken)
The sockens were also part of the following ''domsagor'' (judicial districts), ''tingslag'', and ''tingsrätter'' (district courts):
*1844-1915: Södra Roslag ''domsaga'', with
**1844-1906: Sollentuna Hundred ''tingslag''
**1907-1915: ''Tingslag'' of Södra Roslag ''domsaga''
*1916-1976: Sollentuna and Färentuna ''domsaga'' (until 1952 for Eds socken)
**1916-1951/1970: ''Tingslag'' of Sollentuna and Färentuna ''domsaga''
*1952-1976: Western Stockholm County ''domsaga'' (for Eds socken) with
**1952-1970: ''Tingslag'' of Western Stockholm County ''domsaga''
*1977–present: Sollentuna ''domsaga'' with ''Sollentuna tingsrätt'' (Sollentuna and Eds sockens)
*1977–present: Jakobsberg ''domsaga'' with ''Jakobsbergs tingsrätt'' (Järfälla socken)
Sources
*''
Nordisk familjebok
''Nordisk familjebok'' (, "Nordic Family Book") is a Swedish encyclopedia that was published in print from between 1876 and 1993, and that is now fully available in digital form via Project Runeberg at Linköping University. Despite their consi ...
'', 2nd ed., vol. 26, 1917
*
Beskrifning öfver Stockholms län', (accessed 9 March 2009)
*
Svensk Etymologisk Ordbok', (accessed 11 March 2009)
*
Sollentuna - en lång historia', (accessed 11 March 2009)
*
Historisk landskapsanalys - Länsstyrelsen i Stockholms län{dead link, date=May 2017 , bot=InternetArchiveBot , fix-attempted=yes '' (accessed 11 March 2009)
*
National Archives Database for information on administrative and legal divisions
See also
*
Sollentuna Municipality
Sollentuna Municipality ( ) is a municipality in Stockholm County in east-central Sweden, north of Stockholm. Its seat of local government is located in Tureberg, which is a part of Sollentuna urban area.
Geography
Sollentuna borders the m ...
Hundreds of Uppland